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Food crises and global climate change, along with natural system depletion, placed food security and environmental sustainability at the top of the political agenda. Analyses of the dynamic interlinkages between food consumption patterns and environmental concerns recently received considerable attention from the international community. Using the lens of a broad sustainability approach and recognizing the systemic dimension of sustainability - as the capacity of a system to maintain its functions over time - the thesis aimed at developing a multidimensional framework, to identify metrics for assessing the sustainability of food systems and diets, applicable at a subregional level. Building on Social-Ecological Systems frameworks, the Mediterranean Latin Arc presents several socioeconomic and biophysical drivers of change making the food system vulnerable in its functions. A vulnerability/resilience approach was applied to analyze the main issues related to food and nutrition security. Formalizing the food system as a dynamic complex system, a model originates from this framework. Several causal models of vulnerability were identified, describing the interactions where drivers of change directly affect food and nutrition security outcomes, disentangling exposure, sensitivity, and resilience. This theoretical modeling exercise allowed the identification of a first suite of indicators. A reduced pool of metrics was then obtained through an expert-based elicitation process (Delphi Survey), moving beyond subjective evaluation and reaching consensus.

The processes underlying environmental, eco- nomic, and social unsustainability derive in part from the food system. Building sustainable food systems has become a predominating endeavor aiming to redirect our food systems and policies towards better-adjusted goals and improved societal welfare. Food systems are complex social-ecological systems involving multiple interactions between human and natural components. Policy needs to encourage public perception of humanity and nature as interdependent and interacting. The systemic nature of these interdependencies and interactions calls for systems approaches and integrated assessment tools. Identifying and modeling the intrinsic properties of the food system that will ensure its essential outcomes are maintained or enhanced over time and across generations, will help organizations and governmental institutions to track pro- gress towards sustainability, and set policies that encourage positive transformations. This paper proposes a conceptual model that articulates crucial vulnerability and resilience factors to global environmental and socio-economic chan- ges, postulating specific food and nutrition security issues as priority outcomes of food systems. By acknowledging the systemic nature of sustainability, this approach allows consideration of causal factor dynamics. In a stepwise approach, a logical application is schematized for three Mediterranean countries, namely Spain, France, and Italy.

"This handbook presents a must-read, comprehensive and state of the art overview of sustainable diets, an issue critical to the environment and the health and well-being of society. Sustainable diets seek to minimise and mitigate the significant negative impact food production has on the environment. Simultaneously they aim to address worrying health trends in food consumption through the promotion of healthy diets that reduce premature disability, disease and death. Within the Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Diets, creative, compassionate, critical, and collaborative solutions are called for across nations, across disciplines and sectors. In order to address these wide-ranging issues the volume is split into sections dealing with environmental strategies, health and well-being, education and public engagement, social policies and food environments, transformations and food movements, economics and trade, design and measurement mechanisms and food sovereignty. Comprising of contributions from up and coming and established academics, the handbook provides a global, multi-disciplinary assessment of sustainable diets, drawing on case studies from regions across the world. The handbook concludes with a call to action, which provides readers with a comprehensive map of strategies that could dramatically increase sustainability and help to reverse global warming, diet related non-communicable diseases, and oppression and racism. This decisive collection is essential reading for students, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers concerned with promoting sustainable diets and thus establishing a sustainable food system to ensure access to healthy and nutritious food for all"--

"This handbook presents a must-read, comprehensive and state of the art overview of sustainable diets, an issue critical to the environment and the health and well-being of society. Sustainable diets seek to minimise and mitigate the significant negative impact food production has on the environment. Simultaneously they aim to address worrying health trends in food consumption through the promotion of healthy diets that reduce premature disability, disease and death. Within the Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Diets, creative, compassionate, critical, and collaborative solutions are called for across nations, across disciplines and sectors. In order to address these wide-ranging issues the volume is split into sections dealing with environmental strategies, health and well-being, education and public engagement, social policies and food environments, transformations and food movements, economics and trade, design and measurement mechanisms and food sovereignty. Comprising of contributions from up and coming and established academics, the handbook provides a global, multi-disciplinary assessment of sustainable diets, drawing on case studies from regions across the world. The handbook concludes with a call to action, which provides readers with a comprehensive map of strategies that could dramatically increase sustainability and help to reverse global warming, diet related non-communicable diseases, and oppression and racism. This decisive collection is essential reading for students, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers concerned with promoting sustainable diets and thus establishing a sustainable food system to ensure access to healthy and nutritious food for all"--

International audience ; This paper addresses the implementation of the Kawasan Mandiri Pangan (KMP) program, a microfinance program for farmer groups, assessing whether the program affects farmers' decisions concerning production, marketing, and consumption or not, and its impacts on household food security along three dimensions: food availability, food access, and food utilization. Based on a qualitative and theory of change mixed-methods analysis, which uses interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), this research sheds light on the program's success among two groups of farmers. Both groups experienced improved productivity and increased food availability, but only one group sustained the program. The results indicate that the program has not affected the commercialization of any particular crop, where the crop's best selling price, relationships, and commitments are factors that affect the farmers' marketing decisions. Other findings show how food access at the household level increased when the crop's selling price was reasonable, while food utilization was influenced predominantly by local wisdom. Taken together, the research findings highlight the importance of the capability of the management, the commitment of the members, and the supervision of the agricultural extension agents. There is a need for a locally owned enterprise to absorb agricultural products and maintain the selling price of crops, which is the primary driver of food accessibility and utilization at the household level.

International audience ; This paper addresses the implementation of the Kawasan Mandiri Pangan (KMP) program, a microfinance program for farmer groups, assessing whether the program affects farmers' decisions concerning production, marketing, and consumption or not, and its impacts on household food security along three dimensions: food availability, food access, and food utilization. Based on a qualitative and theory of change mixed-methods analysis, which uses interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), this research sheds light on the program's success among two groups of farmers. Both groups experienced improved productivity and increased food availability, but only one group sustained the program. The results indicate that the program has not affected the commercialization of any particular crop, where the crop's best selling price, relationships, and commitments are factors that affect the farmers' marketing decisions. Other findings show how food access at the household level increased when the crop's selling price was reasonable, while food utilization was influenced predominantly by local wisdom. Taken together, the research findings highlight the importance of the capability of the management, the commitment of the members, and the supervision of the agricultural extension agents. There is a need for a locally owned enterprise to absorb agricultural products and maintain the selling price of crops, which is the primary driver of food accessibility and utilization at the household level.

International audience ; This paper addresses the implementation of the Kawasan Mandiri Pangan (KMP) program, a microfinance program for farmer groups, assessing whether the program affects farmers' decisions concerning production, marketing, and consumption or not, and its impacts on household food security along three dimensions: food availability, food access, and food utilization. Based on a qualitative and theory of change mixed-methods analysis, which uses interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), this research sheds light on the program's success among two groups of farmers. Both groups experienced improved productivity and increased food availability, but only one group sustained the program. The results indicate that the program has not affected the commercialization of any particular crop, where the crop's best selling price, relationships, and commitments are factors that affect the farmers' marketing decisions. Other findings show how food access at the household level increased when the crop's selling price was reasonable, while food utilization was influenced predominantly by local wisdom. Taken together, the research findings highlight the importance of the capability of the management, the commitment of the members, and the supervision of the agricultural extension agents. There is a need for a locally owned enterprise to absorb agricultural products and maintain the selling price of crops, which is the primary driver of food accessibility and utilization at the household level.

International audience ; Poverty of peoples is a crucial concern in development as in research questions. Measures of poverty represent a key issue in implementing politics towards resolution of deprivation conditions. In the last 40 years we assisted at two main approaches. The traditional income-consumption based studies (one-dimensional) and the Sen's capabilities-functionings approach (multidimensional) have mostly characterised deprivation and development analysis. An open debate grows on the evaluation of indigence and on method choice, mainly by a multidimensional view. Important implications on aggregation systems emerge, especially on weights and choice arbitrariness. Involvement of all stakeholders is considered as capital. This paper aims to turn a light on past and recent discussions on measuring poverty and development to further promote the conceptual and methodological debate on economical and social issues at a global, regional and national scale. ; La povertà umana è una tematica centrale nei programmi di sviluppo e nella ricerca. La misura della povertà rappresenta un fattore chiave nelle politiche finalizzate alla soluzione delle deprivazioni. Negli ultimi 40 anni lo studio si è basato su due approcci: il metodo classico del reddito-consumo (unidimensionale) e l'approccio capacità-funzionamenti di Sen (multidimensionale) hanno caratterizzato l'analisi dello sviluppo e della povertà. Il dibattito scientifico sulle modalità di stima delle condizioni di indigenza e sulla scelta del metodo da applicare evolve in chiave multidimensionale. Infatti, importanti sviluppi emergono dall'aggregazione dei dati, dai sistemi di ponderazione e dall'arbitrarietà delle scelte dove il coinvolgimento di tutti gli stakeholders è considerato essenziale. Il presente lavoro vuole porre l'attenzione sulle precedenti ed attuali riflessioni riguardo la misurazione della povertà, al fine di aprire ulteriormente il dibattito concettuale e metodologico sulle tematiche economico-sociali al livello globale e nazionale.

International audience ; Poverty of peoples is a crucial concern in development as in research questions. Measures of poverty represent a key issue in implementing politics towards resolution of deprivation conditions. In the last 40 years we assisted at two main approaches. The traditional income-consumption based studies (one-dimensional) and the Sen's capabilities-functionings approach (multidimensional) have mostly characterised deprivation and development analysis. An open debate grows on the evaluation of indigence and on method choice, mainly by a multidimensional view. Important implications on aggregation systems emerge, especially on weights and choice arbitrariness. Involvement of all stakeholders is considered as capital. This paper aims to turn a light on past and recent discussions on measuring poverty and development to further promote the conceptual and methodological debate on economical and social issues at a global, regional and national scale. ; La povertà umana è una tematica centrale nei programmi di sviluppo e nella ricerca. La misura della povertà rappresenta un fattore chiave nelle politiche finalizzate alla soluzione delle deprivazioni. Negli ultimi 40 anni lo studio si è basato su due approcci: il metodo classico del reddito-consumo (unidimensionale) e l'approccio capacità-funzionamenti di Sen (multidimensionale) hanno caratterizzato l'analisi dello sviluppo e della povertà. Il dibattito scientifico sulle modalità di stima delle condizioni di indigenza e sulla scelta del metodo da applicare evolve in chiave multidimensionale. Infatti, importanti sviluppi emergono dall'aggregazione dei dati, dai sistemi di ponderazione e dall'arbitrarietà delle scelte dove il coinvolgimento di tutti gli stakeholders è considerato essenziale. Il presente lavoro vuole porre l'attenzione sulle precedenti ed attuali riflessioni riguardo la misurazione della povertà, al fine di aprire ulteriormente il dibattito concettuale e metodologico sulle tematiche economico-sociali al livello globale e nazionale.

International audience ; Recurrent food crises and climate change, along with habitat loss and micronutrient deficiencies, are global issues of critical importance that have pushed food security and environmental sustainability to the top of the political agenda. Analyses of the dynamic linkages between food consumption patterns and environmental concerns have recently received considerable attention from the international and scientific community. Using the lens of a broad sustainability approach, this conceptual article aims at developing a multidimensional framework to evaluate the sustainability of food systems and diets, applicable to countries of the Mediterranean region. Derived from natural disaster and sustainability sciences, a vulnerability approach, enhanced by inputs from the resilience literature, has been adapted to analyze the main issues related to food and nutrition security. Through causal factor analysis, the resulting conceptual framework improves the design of information systems or metrics assessing the interrelated environmental, economic, social, and health dynamics of food systems.

International audience ; Recurrent food crises and climate change, along with habitat loss and micronutrient deficiencies, are global issues of critical importance that have pushed food security and environmental sustainability to the top of the political agenda. Analyses of the dynamic linkages between food consumption patterns and environmental concerns have recently received considerable attention from the international and scientific community. Using the lens of a broad sustainability approach, this conceptual article aims at developing a multidimensional framework to evaluate the sustainability of food systems and diets, applicable to countries of the Mediterranean region. Derived from natural disaster and sustainability sciences, a vulnerability approach, enhanced by inputs from the resilience literature, has been adapted to analyze the main issues related to food and nutrition security. Through causal factor analysis, the resulting conceptual framework improves the design of information systems or metrics assessing the interrelated environmental, economic, social, and health dynamics of food systems.