Suchergebnisse

Abstract Background and Aim of Study: Combat actions that have taken place over the past f our years in eastern Ukraine have a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the combatants. Under these conditions, the psyche of military personnel operates on the brink of its own resources, and prolonged participation in hostilities can lead to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, timely measures of prevention and control of combat stress, psychological rehabilitation of military personnel after engagement in combat will significantly reduce psychogenic injuries, prevent the emergence of mental disorders from combatants. The aim of the study: to develop, scientific ally substantiate and to test a program of psychological rehabilitation of combatants. Material and Methods: To determine the effectiveness of the program of psychological rehabilitation at the beginning and at the end was used by authorial diagnostic of mental disorders methodology "Psychological Safety of Personality", as well as "The Questionnaire Evaluating the Effectiveness of Psychological Training" after completing the psychological training . In total, 70 military men of the National Guard of Ukraine from all regions of Ukraine participated in the program of Psychological rehabilitation, and the practical implementation and testing of the program took place in 2017. Results: The program of psychological rehabilitation of combatants based on psychological training for restoring the psychological safety of a military man's personality has been developed and scientifically substantiated. The practical implementation of the program of the psychological rehabilitation of the combatants proved its effectiveness: the results of the dynamics of the components of psychological safety of a person increased on average by 16%.

The article is devoted to the systematization of modern scientific research related to the problem of the psychological aspects of suicide by military personnel of armed formations. The main results of the study of the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide proposed by T.E. Joiner are analyzed. The most common were studies of the suicide capacity of servicemen, taking into account the peculiarities of the influence of military experience, the experience of physical pain and the loss of loved ones; identifying risk groups; studies aimed at counteracting the desire to hide their suicidal thoughts and intentions (the use and requirements for the psychodiagnostics tools) and identifying predictors of suicidal risk. The search for the latter further complicated the plans for empirical research (increasing variables, increasing and differentiating groups of subjects, using longitudinal research, searching for mediators of suicide, using multistage and cross-cultural research, taking into account content and military specifics, etc.). All available methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine reliable markers of suicidal risk in servicemen. Trying not to lose control over the problem of suicide among the military, researchers resort to measures to control the situation of committing suicide in terms of accessibility and attitude to weapons, as well as analyze preventive measures that would be effective for objectively reducing the number of suicide attempts among risk groups (cognitive behavioral approaches in psychotherapy). Despite these efforts, the problem of identifying predictors of suicide risk among military personnel has not yet been finally resolved. Modern suicidology needs, seeks and appreciates new approaches to the study of self-destructive behavior in military personnel. ; Розглянуто систематизацію сучасних наукових досліджень, пов'язаних з проблемою психологічних аспектів скоєння суїцидів військовослужбовцями збройних формувань. Проаналізовано основні результати досліджень стосовно перевірки міжособистісно-психологічної теорії суїцидів, що запропоновано вченим Т. E. Joiner. Найбільшого поширення набули дослідження з вивчення здатності до самогубства військовослужбовців, у тому числі впливу військового досвіду, переживання фізичного болю та втрат близьких; визначення груп ризику; дослідження протидії прагненню приховати свої суїцидальні думки та наміри (використання і вимоги до психодіагностичного інструментарію) та визначення предикторів ризику самогубства. Пошук останніх сприяв подальшому вдосконалюванню планів емпіричних досліджень.

The article is devoted to the systematization of modern scientific research related to the problem of the psychological aspects of suicide by military personnel of armed formations. The main results of the study of the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide proposed by T.E. Joiner are analyzed. The most common were studies of the suicide capacity of servicemen, taking into account the peculiarities of the influence of military experience, the experience of physical pain and the loss of loved ones; identifying risk groups; studies aimed at counteracting the desire to hide their suicidal thoughts and intentions (the use and requirements for the psychodiagnostics tools) and identifying predictors of suicidal risk. The search for the latter further complicated the plans for empirical research (increasing variables, increasing and differentiating groups of subjects, using longitudinal research, searching for mediators of suicide, using multistage and cross-cultural research, taking into account content and military specifics, etc.). All available methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine reliable markers of suicidal risk in servicemen. Trying not to lose control over the problem of suicide among the military, researchers resort to measures to control the situation of committing suicide in terms of accessibility and attitude to weapons, as well as analyze preventive measures that would be effective for objectively reducing the number of suicide attempts among risk groups (cognitive behavioral approaches in psychotherapy). Despite these efforts, the problem of identifying predictors of suicide risk among military personnel has not yet been finally resolved. Modern suicidology needs, seeks and appreciates new approaches to the study of self-destructive behavior in military personnel. ; Розглянуто систематизацію сучасних наукових досліджень, пов'язаних з проблемою психологічних аспектів скоєння суїцидів військовослужбовцями збройних формувань. Проаналізовано основні результати досліджень стосовно перевірки міжособистісно-психологічної теорії суїцидів, що запропоновано вченим Т. E. Joiner. Найбільшого поширення набули дослідження з вивчення здатності до самогубства військовослужбовців, у тому числі впливу військового досвіду, переживання фізичного болю та втрат близьких; визначення груп ризику; дослідження протидії прагненню приховати свої суїцидальні думки та наміри (використання і вимоги до психодіагностичного інструментарію) та визначення предикторів ризику самогубства. Пошук останніх сприяв подальшому вдосконалюванню планів емпіричних досліджень.

Service-combat activities of military men of the National Guard of Ukraine is connected with the fulfillment of tasks of increased danger and complexity, it occurs mainly in complex, extreme and emergency situations. However, due to the influence of professional stress, physical and mental stress, chronic fatigue, irregular working hours, servicemen often are in a low moral and psychological state, reduces or excludes the effectiveness of the solution of their combat tasks. A stable positive moral and psychological state of servicemen is the key to the success of the performance of combat-combat activities. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze the existing methods for assessing the moral and psychological state of servicemen of the security forces and defense of Ukraine in various conditions of performing service (combat) tasks.The analysis showed that at the present stage of reforming the armed formations of Ukraine, both the Armed Forces and the National Guard of Ukraine, a number of differences in the understanding of certain provisions of this theoretical framework and the real relation to the phenomenon of the "moral and psychological state" are revealed. The choice of methods for predicting the moral and psychological state must be differentiated depending on the nature, content, volume, purpose, tasks and depth, interval, and forecasting period. Similar conditions for the implementation of the service-combat activities are characterized by a negative impact on the human psyche of a wide range of adverse, discomfortable and threatening factors that form a high level of professional stress. Consequently, the servicemen the National Guard of Ukraine performing service-combat activities are exposed not only to the physical threat (personal health, life), but also to the significant risk of stress, neuropsychiatric disorders and mental disadaptation. The latter are often the direct cause of disruptions in professional activity, loss or significant decline in performance, interpersonal conflicts, violations of discipline, alcohol abuse and other negative phenomen.Thus, a stable positive moral and psychological state of servicemen is a guarantee of the success of service-combat activities implementation. Consequently, the assessment of the moral and psychological state of the personnel of the National Guard of Ukraine during the performance of the service-combat activities in complicated or extreme conditions is relevant. ; Проведено аналіз існуючих методик оцінювання морально-психологічного стану військовослужбовців сил сектору безпеки і оборони України у різних умовах виконання службових (бойових) завдань. Доведено, що є різні підходи до визначення категоріального апарату морально-психологічного стану особового складу та розходження в його оцінюванні. Розглянуто можливість прогнозування морально-психологічного стану військовослужбовців Національної гвардії України.

Service-combat activities of military men of the National Guard of Ukraine is connected with the fulfillment of tasks of increased danger and complexity, it occurs mainly in complex, extreme and emergency situations. However, due to the influence of professional stress, physical and mental stress, chronic fatigue, irregular working hours, servicemen often are in a low moral and psychological state, reduces or excludes the effectiveness of the solution of their combat tasks. A stable positive moral and psychological state of servicemen is the key to the success of the performance of combat-combat activities. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze the existing methods for assessing the moral and psychological state of servicemen of the security forces and defense of Ukraine in various conditions of performing service (combat) tasks.The analysis showed that at the present stage of reforming the armed formations of Ukraine, both the Armed Forces and the National Guard of Ukraine, a number of differences in the understanding of certain provisions of this theoretical framework and the real relation to the phenomenon of the "moral and psychological state" are revealed. The choice of methods for predicting the moral and psychological state must be differentiated depending on the nature, content, volume, purpose, tasks and depth, interval, and forecasting period. Similar conditions for the implementation of the service-combat activities are characterized by a negative impact on the human psyche of a wide range of adverse, discomfortable and threatening factors that form a high level of professional stress. Consequently, the servicemen the National Guard of Ukraine performing service-combat activities are exposed not only to the physical threat (personal health, life), but also to the significant risk of stress, neuropsychiatric disorders and mental disadaptation. The latter are often the direct cause of disruptions in professional activity, loss or significant decline in performance, interpersonal conflicts, violations of discipline, alcohol abuse and other negative phenomen.Thus, a stable positive moral and psychological state of servicemen is a guarantee of the success of service-combat activities implementation. Consequently, the assessment of the moral and psychological state of the personnel of the National Guard of Ukraine during the performance of the service-combat activities in complicated or extreme conditions is relevant. ; Проведено аналіз існуючих методик оцінювання морально-психологічного стану військовослужбовців сил сектору безпеки і оборони України у різних умовах виконання службових (бойових) завдань. Доведено, що є різні підходи до визначення категоріального апарату морально-психологічного стану особового складу та розходження в його оцінюванні. Розглянуто можливість прогнозування морально-психологічного стану військовослужбовців Національної гвардії України.