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In this paper we present the findings of our qualitative research on adaptation to climate change within the context of the major floods that hit countries in Central and South-Eastern Europe in 2014. Adaptation here refers to the response of any given social system regarding existing and expected impacts of climate change and extreme climate events. The effectiveness of the response depends on how vulnerable or how resilient a particular system is, and this includes not only technical and biophysical aspects, but also social, cultural, political and economic ones. We conducted empirical research in order to describe how actors in environmental governance structures in three countries – Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia – viewed the climate change adaptation process, and whether they recognised climate change as a trans-sectoral problem during all the phases of the 2014 flood crisis. The results show that even though most interviewees are aware of the connection between climate change and the 2014 floods, they are unable to properly address these kinds of crises. Given that in all three countries climate mitigation and adaptation measures are divided between different ministries and departments, which are not complementary, this lack of interconnectedness is thus reflected in the interviewees' observations. ; U ovom radu donosimo rezultate kvalitativnog istraživanja o prilagodbi klimatskim promjenama u kontekstu velikih poplava koje su pogodile zemlje srednje i jugoistočne Europe 2014. godine. Pod prilagodbom se misli na odgovor društvenih institucija na postojeće ili očekivane posljedice klimatskih promjena i ekstremnih klimatskih pojava. Učinkovitost odgovora ovisi o tome koliko je sustav otporan, odnosno ranjiv te je ovisna ne samo o tehničkim i biofizičkim aspektima, već i društvenim, kulturnim, političkim i ekonomskim. Empirijsko je istraživanje provedeno da bi se utvrdilo kako akteri koji upravljaju odlukama vezanima za okoliš u trima zemljama, Bosni i Hercegovini, Hrvatskoj i Srbiji, percipiraju proces prilagodbe klimatskim promjenama, te jesu li klimatske promjene bile prepoznate kao nadsektorski problem tijekom različitih faza krize vezane za poplave 2014. godine. Rezultati pokazuju da iako je većina ispitanika svjesna povezanosti između klimatskim promjena i poplava 2014. godine, nisu uspjeli ispravno odgovoriti na nastalu krizu. U sve tri zemlje, mjere ublažavanja i prilagodbe razjedinjene su između nekoliko različitih ministarstava i odjela koji nisu međusobno povezani, o čemu govore i ispitanici.

The Covid-19 pandemic has had multiple effects on social systems as yet another crisis, alongside climate change and biodiversity loss, that stems from the complex interaction between human and natural systems. In this regard, building resilience to ongoing and future crises has become a common reference point in both public and scholarly discourse. In the context of building resilience, the civil sector has an important social role to play in promoting the public interest and strengthening the role of citizens in democratic societies, thus enabling them to participate in society's development. The environmental movement, as one of the most successful social movements, combines issues of environmental protection with a concept of social justice and economic development, and thus with building the resilience of society as a whole. The research questions were: how has the Covid-19 pandemic affected environmental NGOs, and what strategies have they applied to cope with and adapt to the new situation? How do environmental activists describe the concepts of vulnerability and resilience within the NGO sector? What are their expectations of future trends in the field to which their activism refers? The results of this research point to the conclusion that resilience is defined in terms of an organization's adaptability, flexibility, inner social cohesion, and capacity to self-organize with an emphasis on networking. Intersecting crises that stem from the complex relationship between human and natural systems pose a challenge of finding an efficient frame for the problem within the movement and of re-establishing a corrective role in society. ; Pandemija Covid-19 mnogostruko je utjecala na društvene sustave, kao još jedna od kriza koja, uz one uslijed klimatskih promjena i gubitka bioraznolikosti, proizlazi iz složene interakcije čovjeka i prirode. U tom smislu, stvaranje otpornosti na trenutnu i buduće krize postala je zajednička referentna točka, kako u javnom, tako i u znanstvenom diskursu. U kontekstu izgradnje otpornosti, civilni sektor ima važnu društvenu ulogu u promoviranju javnog interesa i jačanju uloge građana u demokratskim društvima, omogućujući im na taj način sudjelovanje u razvoju društva. Pokret za okoliš, kao jedan od najuspješnijih društvenih pokreta, spaja pitanja zaštite okoliša s konceptima socijalne pravde i ekonomskog razvoja, izgrađujući tako otpornost društva u cjelini. Istraživačka pitanja bila su: kako je pandemija Covid-19 utjecala na nevladine organizacije iz područja zaštite okoliša te koje strategije su primijenili da bi se nosili s novom situacijom i prilagodili joj se. Kako aktivisti za okoliš opisuju koncepte ranjivosti i otpornosti unutar nevladina sektora? Koja su im očekivanja od budućih trendova u polju na koje se njihov aktivizam odnosi? Rezultati ovog istraživanja upućuju na zaključak da je otpornost definirana kao organizacijska prilagodljivost, fleksibilnost, unutrašnja socijalna kohezija, te kapacitet za samoorganizaciju, s naglaskom na umrežavanje. Intersekcijske krize koje proizlaze iz složenog odnosa čovjeka i prirode postavljaju izazov traženja i pronalaženja učinkovitog okvira za smještanje problema unutar pokreta te ponovno uspostavljanje korektivne uloge u društvu.

In this paper we present the findings of our qualitative research on adaptation to climate change within the context of the major floods that hit countries in Central and South-Eastern Europe in 2014. Adaptation here refers to the response of any given social system regarding existing and expected impacts of climate change and extreme climate events. The effectiveness of the response depends on how vulnerable or how resilient a particular system is, and this includes not only technical and biophysical aspects, but also social, cultural, political and economic ones. We conducted empirical research in order to describe how actors in environmental governance structures in three countries – Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia – viewed the climate change adaptation process, and whether they recognised climate change as a trans-sectoral problem during all the phases of the 2014 flood crisis. The results show that even though most interviewees are aware of the connection between climate change and the 2014 floods, they are unable to properly address these kinds of crises. Given that in all three countries climate mitigation and adaptation measures are divided between different ministries and departments, which are not complementary, this lack of interconnectedness is thus reflected in the interviewees' observations. ; U ovom radu donosimo rezultate kvalitativnog istraživanja o prilagodbi klimatskim promjenama u kontekstu velikih poplava koje su pogodile zemlje srednje i jugoistočne Europe 2014. godine. Pod prilagodbom se misli na odgovor društvenih institucija na postojeće ili očekivane posljedice klimatskih promjena i ekstremnih klimatskih pojava. Učinkovitost odgovora ovisi o tome koliko je sustav otporan, odnosno ranjiv te je ovisna ne samo o tehničkim i biofizičkim aspektima, već i društvenim, kulturnim, političkim i ekonomskim. Empirijsko je istraživanje provedeno da bi se utvrdilo kako akteri koji upravljaju odlukama vezanima za okoliš u trima zemljama, Bosni i Hercegovini, Hrvatskoj i Srbiji, percipiraju proces prilagodbe klimatskim promjenama, te jesu li klimatske promjene bile prepoznate kao nadsektorski problem tijekom različitih faza krize vezane za poplave 2014. godine. Rezultati pokazuju da iako je većina ispitanika svjesna povezanosti između klimatskim promjena i poplava 2014. godine, nisu uspjeli ispravno odgovoriti na nastalu krizu. U sve tri zemlje, mjere ublažavanja i prilagodbe razjedinjene su između nekoliko različitih ministarstava i odjela koji nisu međusobno povezani, o čemu govore i ispitanici. ; Im vorliegenden Artikel präsentieren wir die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Untersuchung über die Anpassung an den Klimawandel im Zusammenhang mit großen Überschwemmungen, von denen die Länder des Mittel- und Südosteuropas im Jahr 2014 betroffen wurden. Unter der Anpassung ist hier die Reaktion der Behörden auf die bestehenden oder die zu erwartenden Folgen des Klimawandels und der extremen Klimaerscheinungen gemeint. Die Effizienz der Reaktion hängt davon ab, in welchem Ausmaß das System widerstandsfähig bzw. vulnerabel ist, sie ist nicht nur von technischen und biophysischen, sondern auch von sozialen, kulturellen, politischen und ökonomischen Aspekten abhängig. Eine empirische Untersuchung wurde durchgeführt, um zu zeigen, wie die Akteure in den Strukturen der Umweltverwaltung in Bosnien und Herzegowina, Kroatien und Serbien den Prozeß der Anpassung an den Klimawandel perzipieren und ob der Klimawandel als ein sektorenübergreifendes Problem während verschiedener Phasen der mit Überschwemmungen aus dem Jahr 2014 verbundenen Krise anerkannt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die meisten Befragten der Verbindung zwischen dem Klimawandel und den Überschwemmungen aus dem Jahr 2014 bewusst sind, jedoch nicht im Stande waren, auf die entstandene Krise richtig zu reagieren. In allen drei Ländern sind die Kompetenzen über Maßnahmen zur Milderung und Anpassung unter verschiedenen miteinander nicht verbundenen Ministerien und Abteilungen verteilt, wie die Befragten aussagten.

IN CROATIAN: U radu se iznose opravdanja za društveno-humanistička istraživanja klimatskih promjena u Hrvatskoj te pregledavaju dosadašnje spoznaje i izlaže analiza recentno dostupnih podataka. Ovime autori nastoje ne samo otvoriti dijalog na temu klimatskih promjena među prirodnim i društvenim znanostima u Hrvatskoj, nego takav dijalog zagovarati i pregledom međunarodne literature i primjerom analize podataka prikupljenih u Hrvatskoj. Nakon pregleda koncepta antropocena i njegove povezanosti s globalnim klimatskim promjenama, opravdava se važnost istraživanja stavova građana vezanih za opasnost od klimatskih promjena i relevantnih društvenih strategija. Zatim se sumiraju nalazi najznačajnijih prethodnih istra-živanja stavova građana u Hrvatskoj i Europskoj uniji. Rezultati istraživanja posebno predstavljenog u ovom radu na tragu su odgovora vide li, i u kojoj mjeri hrvatski građani percipiraju klimatske promjene. Kroz kvantitativni metodološki pristup analizira se kako građani ocjenjuju ozbiljnost klimatskog problema, njegovu opasnost po stabilnost okoliša, natjecanje s gospodarskim razvojem te učinkovitost politike Europske unije i Hrvatske u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena. Zatim se ispituje koji su socio-kulturni faktori povezani sa spremnošću građana na materijalno odricanje i usvajanje pro-okolišnih obrazaca ponašanja. U konačnici se izvode preporuke za daljnja istraživanja, interdisciplinarno razumijevanje kompleksne problematike i javno-obrazovnu ulogu znanstvene zajednice. Zbog uočene važnosti utjecaja ekonomske nesigurnosti na spremnost za demokratsko djelovanje u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena, interdisciplinarno razumijevanje klimatske problematike dobiva još više na važnosti. --- IN ENGLISH: The paper presents the justification for social science and humanities research concerning climate change in Croatia, as well as a review of previous findings and analysis of recently collected data. Through this paper the authors seek not only to open a dialogue on the topic of climate change between the natural and social sciences in Croatia, but to justify the urgency of such a dialogues based on the review of international literature and analysis of survey data collected in Croatia. After reviewing the concept of the Anthropocene and its connection with global climate change, further justification is given of the importance of research into attitudes of citizens concerning climate change and mitigating social strategies. An overview of the most relevant findings of previous research into these attitudes of citizens in Croatia and the European Union is then presented. The latest findings analyses in this paper focus on whether and to what extent Croatian citizens perceive ('see') climate change as a phenomenon with important social implications. Through quantitative methodological approach, the authors analyse the extent to which Croatian citizens assess the seriousness of the climate problem, its threat to the stability of the natural environment, its antagonism with economic development and the effectiveness of EU and Croatian policies in combating climate change. Further on, we explore what socio-cultural factors are connected with the willingness of citizens for material sacrifice and adoption of pro-environmental behaviour patterns. Finally recommendations are made for further research, interdisciplinary understanding of complex issues and the educational role of the scientific community. Due to significance of impact of economic insecurity on the potential for democratic support for climate change mitigation recorded in this analysis, interdisciplinary understanding of climate issues is even more important.

U radu donosimo rezultate empirijskog istraživanja kojem je cilj bio ispitati‎ oblike podrške i sudjelovanja hrvatskih srednjoškolaca u prosvjedima za klimu ‎"School Strike for Climate Hrvatska", kao i neke individualne i kontekstualne‎ determinante njihovih stavova i sudjelovanja. Istraživanje je provedeno‎ metodom online ankete 2020. i 2021. godine na prigodnom uzorku završnih ‎razreda hrvatskih srednjih škola (N=534). Rezultati pokazuju da je oko 8% ‎učenika bilo na neki način aktivno povezano s pokretom. Pomoću analize‎ glavnih komponenata utvrđena su tri tipa stavova učenika prema prosvjedu ‎i prosvjednicima, nazvana: "borbeni stavovi za zaštitu okoliša", "univerzalno aktivistički ‎stavovi" i "podržavateljski stavovi". Dodatno, multivarijatnom ‎analizom testiran je efekt socio-demografskih obilježja zajedno s konstruktima‎ percepcije kolektivne učinkovitosti, ekološke zabrinutosti, ekološkog ‎svjetonazora te stavova o Greti Thunberg kao inicijatorici globalnog pokreta ‎Fridays for Future na utvrđene stavovske strukture. Pokazalo se da su uključene‎ determinante statistički značajni prediktori, ali ne na isti način za svaku‎od tri stavovske dimenzije.‎

Fridays for Future climate protests, which began as individual actions, soon morphed into a powerful global youth movement, with millions participating in Global Climate Strikes in 2019. In this study, we conducted 19 semi-structured interviews with the organizers and participants of the Fridays for Future Croatia movement and we aimed to examine the main characteristics of these protests in the context of new social movements theory and contemporary movements research, as well as in the specific national context. Challenging the suitability of the new social movements theory to adequately explain the Fridays for Future movement, we found many connections with contemporary social movements: participants are a new generation of first-time activists; social media use is crucial and qualitatively different; the organisational structure is completely loosened; and the issues encompass environmental protection and political economy, urging the transformation of both individual and social identities and socio-economic systems.