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Data credibility: A perspective from systematic reviews in environmental management
In: New directions for evaluation: a publication of the American Evaluation Association, Band 2009, Heft 122, S. 65-74
ISSN: 1534-875X
AbstractTo use environmental program evaluation to increase effectiveness, predictive power, and resource allocation efficiency, evaluators need good data. Data require sufficient credibility in terms of fitness for purpose and quality to develop the necessary evidence base. The authors examine elements of data credibility using experience from critical appraisal of studies on environmental interventions employing systematic review methodology. They argue that critical appraisal of methodological quality is a key skill to improve both retrospective evaluation and prospective planning of monitoring of environmental programs. Greater transparency and data sharing among evaluators could facilitate rapid development in approaches to environmental evaluation that improve data credibility. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effectiveness of Asulam for Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) Control in the United Kingdom: A Meta-Analysis
In: Environmental management: an international journal for decision makers, scientists, and environmental auditors, Band 40, Heft 5, S. 747-760
ISSN: 1432-1009
Effectiveness of Management Interventions to Control Invasion by Rhododendron ponticum
In: Environmental management: an international journal for decision makers, scientists, and environmental auditors, Band 37, Heft 4, S. 513-522
ISSN: 1432-1009
Biodiversity knowledge synthesis at the European scale: actors and steps
International audience ; To respond to the need for a strengthened biodiversity science-policy-society interface at the European level, this paper presents the relevant actors and steps of a knowledge synthesis process relying on a Network of Knowledge. This process aims to maximize active involvement and contribution (including holders of traditional and local knowledge), transparency, credibility, relevance and legitimacy (among other values defined during several workshops held). The presented process allows for the implementation of several synthesis methodologies, depending on the availability of resources, quantity and quality of knowledge and decided according to the expectations of the requesters and users. We put this approach in parallel with other knowledge-based recommendations and negotiation processes such as CBD and IPBES and highlight the need to encompass the diversity of approaches, values, and challenges at the European scale, while the process simultaneously has to be highly flexible, yet simple and robust. Although the presented process still holds several challenges, it offers a step forward in the development and reflections on science-policy-society interfaces, based on consultations with a significant number of the actors from the European policy-science community.
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The reliability of evidence review methodology in environmental science and conservation
In: Environmental science & policy, Band 64, S. 75-82
ISSN: 1462-9011
The CEEDER database of evidence reviews: An open-access evidence service for researchers and decision-makers
In: Environmental science & policy, Band 114, S. 256-262
ISSN: 1462-9011
Evidence Synthesis International (ESI): Position Statement
This paper is the initial Position Statement of Evidence Synthesis International, a new partnership of organizations that produce, support and use evidence synthesis around the world. The paper (i) argues for the importance of synthesis as a research exercise to clarify what is known from research evidence to inform policy, practice and personal decision making; (ii) discusses core issues for research synthesis such as the role of research evidence in decision making, the role of perspectives, participation and democracy in research and synthesis as a core component of evidence ecosystems; (iii) argues for 9 core principles for ESI on the nature and role of research synthesis; and (iv) lists the 5 main goals of ESI as a coordinating partnership for promoting and enabling the production and use of research synthesis.
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Evidence Synthesis International (ESI): Position Statement
This paper is the initial Position Statement of Evidence Synthesis International, a new partnership of organizations that produce, support and use evidence synthesis around the world. The paper (i) argues for the importance of synthesis as a research exercise to clarify what is known from research evidence to inform policy, practice and personal decision making; (ii) discusses core issues for research synthesis such as the role of research evidence in decision making, the role of perspectives, participation and democracy in research and synthesis as a core component of evidence ecosystems; (iii) argues for 9 core principles for ESI on the nature and role of research synthesis; and (iv) lists the 5 main goals of ESI as a coordinating partnership for promoting and enabling the production and use of research synthesis. ; publishedVersion
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A Collaboratively-Derived Science-Policy Research Agenda
In: Sutherland , W J , Bellingan , L , Bellingham , J R , Blackstock , J J , Bloomfield , R M , Bravo , M , Cadman , V M , Cleevely , D D , Clements , A , Cohen , A S , Cope , D R , Daemmrich , A A , Devecchi , C , Anadon , L D , Denegri , S , Doubleday , R , Dusic , N R , Evans , R J , Feng , W Y , Godfray , H C J , Harris , P , Hartley , S E , Hester , A J , Holmes , J , Hughes , A , Hulme , M , Irwin , C , Jennings , R C , Kass , G S , Littlejohns , P , Marteau , T M , McKee , G , Millstone , E P , Nuttall , W J , Owens , S , Parker , M M , Pearson , S , Petts , J , Ploszek , R , Pullin , A S , Reid , G , Richards , K S , Robinson , J G , Shaxson , L , Sierra , L , Smith , B G , Spiegelhalter , D J , Stilgoe , J , Stirling , A , Tyler , C P , Winickoff , D E & Zimmern , R L 2012 , ' A Collaboratively-Derived Science-Policy Research Agenda ' PL o S One , vol 7 , no. 3 , e31824 , pp. N/A . DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0031824
The need for policy makers to understand science and for scientists to understand policy processes is widely recognised. However, the science-policy relationship is sometimes difficult and occasionally dysfunctional; it is also increasingly visible, because it must deal with contentious issues, or itself becomes a matter of public controversy, or both. We suggest that identifying key unanswered questions on the relationship between science and policy will catalyse and focus research in this field. To identify these questions, a collaborative procedure was employed with 52 participants selected to cover a wide range of experience in both science and policy, including people from government, non-governmental organisations, academia and industry. These participants consulted with colleagues and submitted 239 questions. An initial round of voting was followed by a workshop in which 40 of the most important questions were identified by further discussion and voting. The resulting list includes questions about the effectiveness of science-based decision-making structures; the nature and legitimacy of expertise; the consequences of changes such as increasing transparency; choices among different sources of evidence; the implications of new means of characterising and representing uncertainties; and ways in which policy and political processes affect what counts as authoritative evidence. We expect this exercise to identify important theoretical questions and to help improve the mutual understanding and effectiveness of those working at the interface of science and policy.
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A Collaboratively-Derived Science-Policy Research Agenda
The need for policy makers to understand science and for scientists to understand policy processes is widely recognised. However, the science-policy relationship is sometimes difficult and occasionally dysfunctional; it is also increasingly visible, because it must deal with contentious issues, or itself becomes a matter of public controversy, or both. We suggest that identifying key unanswered questions on the relationship between science and policy will catalyse and focus research in this field. To identify these questions, a collaborative procedure was employed with 52 participants selected to cover a wide range of experience in both science and policy, including people from government, non-governmental organisations, academia and industry. These participants consulted with colleagues and submitted 239 questions. An initial round of voting was followed by a workshop in which 40 of the most important questions were identified by further discussion and voting. The resulting list includes questions about the effectiveness of science-based decision-making structures; the nature and legitimacy of expertise; the consequences of changes such as increasing transparency; choices among different sources of evidence; the implications of new means of characterising and representing uncertainties; and ways in which policy and political processes affect what counts as authoritative evidence. We expect this exercise to identify important theoretical questions and to help improve the mutual understanding and effectiveness of those working at the interface of science and policy. ; ESRC
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