Suchergebnisse

The meaning and understanding of democracy along the histories of Indonesian government give specific meaning for the development of democracy in Indonesia. There are a lot of democracy paradox or democracy irony that happened in the orde lama era, orde baru era and reformasi era. The process and the development of democracy, finally face to face with the interest of power in the contexts of political trap that is true undemocratic. General election 2004 and Directly Regional Head Election 2005 are being momentum in the implementation of democratic governance, also challenge for political actors and community to raise cultural and structural democracy. By the way, Indonesian democracy still left some questions, that is, whether we prepare and capable to develop democracy without any irony or paradox.Kata kunci : paradox demokrasi, pilkada, membangun demokrasi

Demak is a religious tourism regency in the north coast of Central Java Province, well known as a City of Wali (Islamic Messenger) refer to its original position as center of the spread of Islamic teaching in Java. An overall effort for this initial position is mandatory. The aim of this research is to analyze: (1) The execution of tourism development in Demak Regency; (2) Factors related to the tourism development; (3) Efforts should be done by Demak regencial government in developing its tourism. Method employed is descriptive qualitative. Results of the research shows that tourism development in Demak has been related to the regencial management development. However, tourism development is still concentrated in the religious aspect, while Tourism Area Development zonation is not yet well applied. Internal factors hampers the development of tourism in Demak covering limited bus station infrastructure facilities, low coordination among tourism institutions, as well as lack of promotion and tourism service. However, there are supporting internal factors covers tourism attraction and accessibility. External factors hampers the development of tourism covering fund allocation from Central and Provincial government, professionalism of human resource, and low tourism awareness among local people. Meanwhile the supporting factors are the well kept cultural heritage, and the increasing number of tourist coming to this regency. Recommendation to the government is Demak regencial government should establish a special team to enhance tourism mindset among the local people, enhance professionalism of human resource in both the government and tourism managers (pengelola) through both qualitative and quantitative efforts in terms of various trainings and additional personnels.

Policy implementation is a complex process because there are many conditions affect in the process. One of them is the institutional context, as a corridor which policy must travel. Maternal and child health is an important policy in Indonesia, this is related to the high rate of infant mortality in Indonesia. One of the highst infrant Mortality rate in Indonesia is Kupang Regency, therefore the regencyal government made a Regional Regulation (Perda) No 3 of 2016 for reduce mother and infrant mortality. The purpose of this study is to analyze the institutional context in implementing of Perda No. 3 Tahun 2016 for reduce infant mortality in Kupang Regency by Najam (1995). This study use qualitative descriptive. The results show the problem of institutional context in policy implementation for reduce infrant moratlity in Kupang Regency are: the subdistrict head and headman are less active in carrying out their duties, lack of society participation. Another problem in institutional context in this policy is conditions of environmental in Kupang Regency, such as geographical conditions, Poor Education, poor sanitation, and also the traditional festival Se'i by the Local Community. Keywords: Policy Implementation, Institutional Context, Infant Mortality Abstrak Implementasi kebijakan merupakan suatu proses yang kompleks, karena ada berbagai kondisi yang turut berpengaruh dalam prosesnya, salah satunya adalah konteks lembaga, sebagai prosedur operasi yang harus dilalui sebuah kebijakan dalam proses implementasinya. Kebijakan kesehatan ibu dan anak merupakan sebuah kebijakan yang penting di Indonesia, hal ini berkenaan dengan tingginya Angka KematianBayi (AKB) Indonesia. Salah satu daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki AKB yang tinggi ialah Kabupaten Kupang, oleh karena itu pemerintah Kabupaten Kupang membuat sebuah kebijakan berupa Perda No. 3 Tahun 2016 tentang KIBBLA untuk mengurangi kematian ibu dan khususnya kematian bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis konteks dalam implementasi kebijakan Perda No. 3 tahun 2016, dengan mengacu pada teori model implementasi Najam (1995). Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan permasalahan yang muncul pada konteks lembaga dalam implementasi kebijaka pengurangan kematian bayi ialah kurangnya peran aktif dari Lurah dan Kepala desa dalam melaksanakan apa yang menjadi tanggung jawab mereka dalam implementasi kebijakan, serta kurangnya partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat. Realitas lingkungan Kabupaten Kupang, berupa kondisi geografis, tingkat pendidikan, buruknya sanitasi, dan juga tradisi Se'i oleh masyarakat setempat juga menjadi hambatan dalam implementasi kebijakan. Kata Kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Konteks Lembaga, Angka Kematian Bayi

Bantul was made Regulation No. 11 of 2015 to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities. They are still didn't get the justice while regional regulations come off. This study aims to obtain an overview the barrier factors of policies implementation related reproductive rights of health in youth with disabilities in Bantul Regency. This qualitative research was conducted in Government Bantul of D.I Yogyakarta province in June-July 2019. Data collection techniques with in-depth interviews, observation and document study. The implementation regulation No.11 of 2015 in Bantul has not proceeded as expected, efforts to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities, both promotive and preventive, have yet to be achieved. Various factors that inhibit include the communication, resources, disposition, coordination across organization, organizing and interpretation. The reproductive rights of adolescents with disabilities in Bantul district encountered various obstacles. It should be given main of purpose and fungtion from the contents of regulation No. 11 of 2015 in to the implementers, established a system of organizing and interpreting policy stakeholders and regional unit government, increasing socialization, communication, resources, relations between organizations and related stakeholders.

Natural disasters are one of the impacts on environmental dynamics, both natural and as a result of human behavior. The Destana (Disaster Resilient Village) policy is one of the programs created by BNPB (National Disaster Management Agency) and implemented by BPBD (Regional Disaster Management Agency) as one of the government's efforts in dealing with disaster problems. The purpose of the study is to describe how Destana plays an optimal role in increasing community preparedness in dealing with floods. Using a qualitative approach, this study conducted observations on 11 Destana in Bojonegoro, conducted interviews with BPBD and each Destana coordinator and documented the activities Destana had carried out to improve community preparedness. The first finding in the implementation of Destana is a medium for the community together with stakeholders in disaster management to carry out activities related to increasing community knowledge about flood preparedness. The second result is that through Destana the community becomes more aware of its environment and has a responsibility to protect itself. Finally, there is a pattern of optimizing the use of rural resources to be used in every Destana activity. The three results indicate that Destana has been used and is running optimally in an effort to increase community preparedness in facing flood disasters. Optimizing the use of Destana in this study shows that the community plays an active role by utilizing their local knowledge and resources. In addition, the government remains the main actor in implementing disaster preparedness policies. JEL Classification : D78, J24, R58. ; Стихійні лиха – це один із впливів на динаміку навколишнього середовища, як природний, так і результат людської поведінки. Політика Destana (село, стійке до стихійних лих) – одна з програм, створених BNPB (Національне агентство з питань ліквідації наслідків стихійних лих) та реалізовуваних BPBD (Регіональне агентство з управління стихійними лихами) як одна із зусиль уряду щодо вирішення проблем стихійних лих. Мета дослідження полягає в тому, щоб описати, як Дестана відіграє оптимальну роль у підвищенні готовності громади до боротьби з повенями. Використовуючи якісний підхід, це дослідження проводило спостереження за 11 Дестанами у Божонегоро, проводило інтерв'ю з BPBD та кожним координатором Дестани та документувало діяльність, яку Дестана проводила для покращення готовності громади. Перший висновок у впровадженні Дестана – це засіб для спільноти спільно із зацікавленими сторонами в галузі управління катастрофами для здійснення заходів, пов'язаних із підвищенням знань громади про готовність до повені. Другий результат полягає в тому, що завдяки Дестані громада стає більш обізнаною про своє оточення і несе відповідальність за захист себе. Нарешті, існує схема оптимізації використання сільських ресурсів, яка використовуватиметься в кожній діяльності Дестани. Ці три результати вказують на те, що Дестана використовується і працює оптимально, намагаючись підвищити готовність громади до боротьби з повенями. Оптимізація використання Дестани у цьому дослідженні показує, що громада відіграє активну роль, використовуючи свої місцеві знання та ресурси. Крім того, уряд залишається головною дійовою особою у реалізації політики готовності до стихійних лих. JEL Classification : D78, J24, R58. ; Стихийные бедствия – одно из воздействий на динамику окружающей среды, как природных, так и в результате человеческого поведения. Политика «Дестана» («Деревня, устойчивая к стихийным бедствиям») – одна из программ, созданных BNPB (Национальное агентство по управлению стихийными бедствиями) и реализуемых BPBD (Региональное агентство по управлению стихийными бедствиями) в качестве одной из мер правительства по решению проблем стихийных бедствий. Цель исследования – описать, как Дестана играет оптимальную роль в повышении готовности населения к борьбе с наводнениями. Используя качественный подход, в этом исследовании были проведены наблюдения за 11 Дестанами в Боджонегоро, проведены интервью с BPBD и каждым координатором Дестаны и задокументированы действия, которые Дестана осуществила для повышения готовности сообщества. Первый результат внедрения Destana – это средство для сообщества вместе с заинтересованными сторонами в управлении стихийными бедствиями для выполнения действий, связанных с повышением осведомленности сообщества о готовности к наводнениям. Второй результат заключается в том, что благодаря Дестане сообщество становится более осведомленным об окружающей среде и обязано защищать себя. Наконец, существует модель оптимизации использования сельских ресурсов, которые будут использоваться во всех сферах деятельности Дестаны. Три результата показывают, что Дестана работает оптимально, чтобы повысить готовность населения к стихийным бедствиям, связанным с наводнениями. Оптимизация использования Дестаны в этом исследовании показывает, что сообщество играет активную роль, используя свои местные знания и ресурсы. Кроме того, правительство остается главным действующим лицом в реализации политики готовности к стихийным бедствиям. JEL Classification : D78, J24, R58.

Indonesia is known for its various panoramas of natural beauty that are tempting to visit. Various natural tourist destinations in Indonesia are favourite destinations for local and foreign tourists. This is of course a huge potential for the development of Indonesian tourism. The government has also started to promote ecotourism programs as a tourist destination for travellers in Indonesia. Ecotourism is one of the environmentally friendly tourism activities by prioritizing aspects of nature conservation, aspects of socio-cultural empowerment, local community economy, and aspects of learning and education, and ecotourism development is one of the best efforts to save forests from human-caused damage. Cooperation between stakeholders involved in ecotourism development is a way to make it happen. This articleaimsto analyze collaboration between stakeholders in the development of ecotourism in Tangkahen Village in Pulang Pisau district, Central Borneo Province. This research uses descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques are using interviews, observation, and documentation. According to theresultthere are differences in the strategic mission of each stakeholder and the development of ecotourism depends on regional finances. The supporting factors for this collaboration are the role of the ecotourism manager as well as the traditional religious leaders in the village and a very strong role of the head of the working group team to accelerate tourism development. JEL Classification: Q01, Q23, Z32, Z38, O20. ; Индонезия известна своими разнообразными панорамами природной красоты, которые соблазняют туристов посетить страну. Различные природные туристические направления в Индонезии являются излюбленными направлениями для местных и иностранных туристов. Это, конечно, огромный потенциал для развития индонезийского туризма. Правительство также начало продвигать программы экотуризма как туристического направления для путешественников в Индонезии. Экотуризм является одним из экологически чистых видов туризма, предоставляя приоритеты аспектам сохранения природы, аспектам социально-культурного расширения возможностей, экономике местной общины и аспектам обучения и образования, а развитие экотуризма является одним из лучших направлений для спасения лесов от техногенной вреда. Сотрудничество между заинтересованными сторонами, участвующих в развитии экотуризма – это способ реализации политики правительства по развитию экотуризма. Эта статья имеет целью проанализировать сотрудничество между заинтересованными сторонами в развитии экотуризма в селе Тангкаген в районе Пуланг Писау, центральная провинция Борнео. В этом исследовании используются качественные описания, методы сбора данных используют интервью, наблюдения и документацию. В соответствии с результатом, существуют различия в стратегической миссии каждой заинтересованной стороны, а развитие экотуризма зависит от региональных финансов. Поддерживающими факторами для этого сотрудничества являются роль менеджера по экотуризму, а также традиционных религиозных лидеров в селе и очень сильная роль руководителя рабочей группы для ускорения развития туризма. JEL Classification: Q01, Q23, Z32, Z38, O20. ; Індонезія відома своїми різноманітними панорамами природної краси, які спокушають туристів відвідати країну. Різні природні туристичні напрямки в Індонезії є улюбленими напрямками для місцевих та іноземних туристів. Це, звичайно, величезний потенціал для розвитку індонезійського туризму. Уряд також розпочав просувати програми екотуризму як туристичного напрямку для мандрівників в Індонезії. Екотуризм є одним з екологічно чистих видів туризму, надаючи пріоритети аспектам збереження природи, аспектам соціально-культурного розширення можливостей, економіці місцевої громади та аспектам навчання та освіти, а розвиток екотуризму є одним з найкращих напрямів для порятунку лісів від техногенної шкоди. Співпраця між зацікавленими сторонами, які беруть участь у розвитку екотуризму – це спосіб реалізації політики уряду щодо розвитку екотуризму. Ця стаття має на меті проаналізувати співпрацю між зацікавленими сторонами у розвитку екотуризму в селі Тангкаген у районі Пуланг Пісау, центральна провінція Борнео. У цьому дослідженні використовуються якісні описи, методи збору даних використовують інтерв'ю, спостереження та документацію. Відповідно до результату, існують розбіжності у стратегічній місії кожної зацікавленої сторони, а розвиток екотуризму залежить від регіональних фінансів. Підтримуючими факторами для цієї співпраці є роль менеджера з екотуризму, а також традиційних релігійних лідерів у селі та дуже сильна роль керівника робочої групи для пришвидшення розвитку туризму. JEL Classification: Q01, Q23, Z32, Z38, O20.

Mangrove ecotourism as one of the tools for mangrove forest conservation has indeed a large impact on the protection of mangrove forests. This paper assesses the intervention of local authorities in the management of mangrove ecotourism by the local community. A qualitative method was used with in-depth interviews involving local communities, including local leaders, local resource users, and local authorities. The findings of this paper show that the intervention of local authorities in mangrove rehabilitation management can cause a threat to mangrove sustainability in terms of environmental protection. The involvement of the community in the mangrove ecotourism management has become indeed remarkable. The intervention of the government in the mangrove ecotourism management through a policy is believed to reduce the community participation. Co-management as an approach to engaging the community in mangrove management can mediate the management conflict between the local community and the government. Furthermore, the development of the relevant policy is necessary following the successful implementation of the community-based mangrove rehabilitation and preservation of mangrove forests as part of environmental protection.

Mangrove ecotourism as one of the tools for mangrove forest conservation has indeed a large impact on the protection of mangrove forests. This paper assesses the intervention of local authorities in the management of mangrove ecotourism by the local community. A qualitative method was used with in-depth interviews involving local communities, including local leaders, local resource users, and local authorities. The findings of this paper show that the intervention of local authorities in mangrove rehabilitation management can cause a threat to mangrove sustainability in terms of environmental protection. The involvement of the community in the mangrove ecotourism management has become indeed remarkable. The intervention of the government in the mangrove ecotourism management through a policy is believed to reduce the community participation. Co-management as an approach to engaging the community in mangrove management can mediate the management conflict between the local community and the government. Furthermore, the development of the relevant policy is necessary following the successful implementation of the community-based mangrove rehabilitation and preservation of mangrove forests as part of environmental protection.

Public policy public comes from the existing problems in the community, so that policy objectives realized. Value systems as part of people's lives need to get places in the policy process, among others related to environmental management policies. As long as it is not metal minerals mining and rock in Merauke District, Papua Province, the mining generally leads to environmental damage, necessitating noteworthy local wisdom values as a value system in order to prevent damage to a sustainable environment. This research aims to analyze the value system of the local communities of Marind area can be internalised into the policy management of mineral ingredients instead of metal and rocks in Merauke District. Research methods are using qualitative approach. Data collected through interviews, documentation and further analyzed using observation and data analysis components from Milles, Huberman and Saldaña. The results showed that one of the value systems in society of Marind area such as Sasi i.e. Prohibition of entering a closed area in the customs, have sanctions for those who break them decisively, so internalization of Sasi as a value system culture in environmental protection needs implemented. It is particularly in the order of mineral material management policies instead of metal and rocks in Merauke District.
Key words: Value System, Sasi, Environment Condition, Policy, Mining Activity.

Tanjung Kelayang is a tourism special economic zones (SEZ) established in Belitung regency, Indonesia, as an alternative and sustainable income to the community after the decline of tin mining. The TSEZ is focusing on rural and heritage tourism although mining activities are actively and continuously conducted. SEZs have been successful in some countries; however, India, China, and African countries have experienced less success in several aspects. The TSEZ offers some benefits but is vulnerable to external shock, since it was not developed based on a comprehensive design, and is associated with horizontal conflicts. This study reviewed Tanjung Kelayang's TSEZ policy based on SEZ implementation in various countries as a comparative study by adjusting the context of the phenomena occurring in Tanjung Kelayang. This research produced a review related to the TSEZ's design, facilities, rules and regulations, also efforts to overcome horizontal conflicts.

Decentralization in the field of local government is very necessary for regional development, it is highly recommended by local governments to improve the economy or form new regional planning. Different conditions between neighboring regions make cooperation as an alternative in the development process. This paper is a literature review of an inter-regional cooperation between local governments that can lead to development progress. In this paper an example is given of cases in the East Java Province in which the province has done a lot of cooperation between regions, but even so there are still many weaknesses that exist in the implementation of such cooperation so that development cannot be carried out properly.

Flood is a frequent disaster in Indonesia, so it is an important public administration problem to overcome. This study aims to determine the flood disaster mitigation policy in Lamongan Regency. By knowing and analyzing this flood disaster mitigation policy, alternative policies are prepared that can be recommendations for the Lamongan Regency Government, especially the Regional Disaster Management Agency. Determination of policy alternatives uses 5 (five) stages in policy analysis according to Brigman & Davis, namely formulating problems in policy, determining goals and objectives, determining policy parameters, seeking policy alternatives, and deciding alternative options. The purpose of this study is to formulate and determine the best policy alternatives to overcome problems in the implementation of flood disaster mitigation in the Lamongan Regency. The research method is carried out by analyzing data through supporting documents, journals, books, and other references. The study results indicate that current policy problems have not led to flood disaster mitigation, but rather 'wait' until the flood disaster occurs, then the Government and BPBD Lamongan Regency only act by assisting flood victims. The proposed alternative policy is the prevention, handling, and recovery of flood disaster mitigation in the Lamongan Regency area with community participation.

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this article was to categorize and identify the role of stakeholders in the development of SEZs policy. Furthermore, the researchers set limits on the development of SEZs policy in Tanjung Gunung and Sungailiat. Methodology: This article used qualitative research with approach Participatory Action Research (PAR). The data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and a literature study about the focus of research. The researchers also conducted focus group discussions with related agencies or institutions within the Bangka Belitung Province Government, Bangka Regency, and Central Bangka Regency. Main Findings: The results indicate that many stakeholders are involved in the SEZs policy from within both the central government and local governments. In addition, there are additional key stakeholders namely central government as represented by National Council . The primary stakeholders are local governments, and the secondary stakeholders are the mining entrepreneurs and the wider community. Application of this study: The importance of stakeholder analysis is to resolve any that arise in the development of SEZ policies in Bangka Belitung. Moreover, stakeholder analysis can help to limit the issues that can be solved in ways that are technically applicable and politically appropriate by prioritizing the common interests and greater good. Novelty/Originality: No specific research discussing the SEZ policy in Bangka Belitung, especially stakeholder analysis, has been conducted before. Stakeholder analysis identifies policy actors to realize the development of SEZs policy in Bangka Belitung which environmental friendly.

This paper aims to investigate the dynamic of environmental policy making in the effort of attaining sustainable development. Using Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) as a framework of analysis, our study was conducted in the Kendeng environmental conflict, Rembang Regency. Utilised both primary and secondary data on conflict properties from cement industry's proponents and opponents, researchers obtained vigorous data and evidence through which the ACF may offer a comprehensive explanation on policy process and change. Finding shows that the coalition of actor has a pivotal role to influence value and behaviour among policy actors in the Kendeng environmental conflict. The result of this study fills the lacuna of research which focuses the main discussion on advocacy coalition actor-based policy analysis. It also offers a policy agenda focusing on the belief system actor-based policy analysis in which Government of Indonesia worth to consider in the policy making process.

This research aims to observe and compare the ideal concept of collaborative governance and the implementation in the field related to the rehabilitation of leprosy patients in Central Java. For citizens who have physical limitations caused by an illness, the burden will be the responsibility of the government in meeting their needs. Solving these problems requires the government's political will and the involvement of cross-actor to be able to provide a more complex problem-solving color according to the collaborative governance model presented by Ansell & Gash. Methodology used in this research is qualitative. An in-depth interview approach was carried out in collecting data and information related to the paradox of the rehabilitation of leprosy patients in Jepara Regency, Central Java. The findings in this study indicate that there is no good collaboration between actors in the rehabilitation of leprosy patients and the throwing of responsibilities on institutions that should carry out rehabilitation. The recommendation suggested in this paper is that clear rules are needed and anyone who is involved in the rehabilitation program is needed, of course, by involving many institutions that are not only the hospital as the sole implementer in the rehabilitation of leprosy patients in Central Java. In addition, it is necessary to support adequate resources for the achievement of this program if it has been established and clear rules are made so that it does not interfere with the allocation of funds from each of the institutions involved. JEL Classification: D73, I120, I180. ; Дослідження спрямовано на аналіз концепції спільного управління в галузі реабілітації хворих на проказу в Центральній Яві. За задоволення потреб громадян, які мають фізичні обмеження, викликані хворобою, тягар відповідальності лягає на уряд. Вирішення таких проблем вимагає політичної волі уряду і участі всіх сторін, для можливості забезпечення більшої ефективності рішень відповідно до моделі спільного управління, представленої Ansell & Gash. Методологія, використана в даному дослідженні, базується на якісному аналізі даних. При зборі даних і інформації про парадокс реабілітації хворих на проказу в регентстві Джепар, Центральна Ява, використовувався підхід поглибленого інтерв'ю. Результати цього дослідження доводять, що відсутня співпраця між учасниками реабілітації хворих на проказу. Результати, які отримано, свідчать про необхідність встановлення чітких правил із залученням до процесу управління реабілітацією хворих на проказу в лепрозоріях в Центральній Яві багатьох зацікавалених сторін, а не тільки лікарсько-профілактичні установи. JEL Classification: D73, I120, I180. ; Исследование направлено на анализ концепции совместного управления в сфере реабилитации больных проказой в Центральной Яве. За удовлетворение потребностей граждан, которые имеют физические ограничения, вызванные болезнью, тяжесть ответственности ложится на правительство. Решение таких проблем требует политической воли правительства и участия всех стейкхолдеров, для возможности обеспечения большей эффективности решений в соответствии с моделью совместного управления, представленной Ansell & Gash. Методология, использованная в данном исследовании, базируется на качественном анализе данных. При сборе данных и информации о парадоксе реабилитации больных проказой в регентстве Джепар, Центральная Ява, использовался подход углубленного интервью. Результаты этого исследования доказывают, отсутствие взаимодействия и сотрудничества между участниками процесса реабилитации больных проказой. Полученніе результаты свидетельствуют о необходимости установления четких правил с привлечением к процессу управления реабилитацией больных проказой в лепрозориях в Центральной Яве других заинтересованных сторон, а не только лечебно-профилактические учреждения. JEL Classification: D73, I120, I180.