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Abstract. This article with written with the aim to study the debate about the relationship between religion and violence, and to answer the following questions: Was religion the cause of violence or wars in the name of religion? Was religion responsible on various violence through giving legitimacy and facilitating violence? What were the economic, social and political motives, which were actually behind of violence in the name of religion? This study was conducted through a literature review by synthesized several different views from a number of experts in matters of religious relations and violence. The result was a conceptual framework that violence in the name of religion was motivated by motives of powerful groups to maintain power with violence, motives of oppressed groups to gain freedom by violence, motives of politicians gain political gain by the occurrence of violence, and the motives of religious leaders to gain political advantage by legitimizing violence.Abstrak. Artikel ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji perdebatan tentang hubungan agama dan kekerasan, serta untuk menjawab beberapa pertanyaan berikut ini: Apakah agama adalah penyebab tindakan kekerasan atau perang atas nama agama? Apakah agama bertanggung jawab atas berbagai tindakan kekerasan melalui pemberian legitimasi dan memfasilitasi terjadinya kekerasan? Apakah motif-motif ekonomi, sosial dan politik, yang sesungguhnya berada di balik berbagai tindakan kekerasan yang mengatas-namakan agama? Kajian ini dilakukan melalui tinjauan pustaka dengan mensintesakan beberapa pandangan yang berbeda dari sejumlah ahli dalam hal hubungan agama dan kekerasan. Hasilnya berupa pemikiran konseptual bahwa kekerasan atas nama agama dilatarbelakangi oleh motif kelompok berkuasa untuk mempertahankan kekuasan dengan kekerasan, motif kelompok tertindas untuk memperoleh kebebasan/kemerdekaan dengan jalan kekerasan, motif politisi mendulang keuntungan politis dengan melakukan pembiaran terjadinya kekerasan, dan motif pemimpin agama mendulang keuntungan ...

Behind the good will of government to build flats for low-income communities, there was a reduction of socio-cultural essence of life of its inhabitants. Reduction is happening in social interaction, initially living in a neighboring village, later turned into a mood of alienation and limitations because living in flats story a lot. This study used qualitative rationalistic approach, which aims to reveal the patterns of communal space as a space of social interaction of residents, expected results will be the next design evaluation flats. Research on patterns of communal space is taking the case of flats located in the Bandarharjo. More than eighteen years, residents tried to build social interaction with neighbors although no longer made in the halls of the road as well as in the villages. Their efforts are utilizing the functions of each floor of the building and the lobby open spaces around the ground floor of the building for social interaction among residents. Utilization of space functions has resulted in a communal space patterns in groups with the intensity of the use of high, medium, and low. The communal lounge with high intensity use tend to be close to their house.

This study aimed to analyze the internal control system against government goods and services procurement process on Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Bogor city, researchers used the method is deskristif comparative where this research is to compare. Done by comparing the Government Regulation No. 60 Year 2008 concerning Internal Control Systems Government by Presidential Decree No. 4 of 2015 On Procurement of Government Goods/Services in the process of procurement of goods and services to Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Bogor city. Results of the analysis showed was conducted in accordance with Government Regulation No. 60 Year 2008 concerning government internal control system which includes control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring but still there are indicators of vulnerability is discovered that the lack of human resources who possess a certificate of procurement goods and services in order to supervise the activities can be more awake quality and work in accordance with the schedule already planned. This is done in order to achieve effective financial management and efficient.

ABSTRACTComparative Analysis of Traffic Accidents on Cikopo–Palimanan Toll Roads Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Economic conditions, education and all aspects of Indonesian people's lives have been affected by the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic so that the government implemented a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy at the beginning of 2020. From 2019 to July 2020, through data from the West Java POLDA Satlantas police and Astra Infra Toll Cipali PT Lintas Marga Sedaya as toll road operators, there were 1,075 traffic accidents on toll roads. The purpose of this study was to compare the level and fatality of accidents before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and to find out the differences in traffic accident-prone locations on toll roads before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used in this study is the variable rate of accidents, fatalities, traffic accident-prone locations using the HIRA (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment) analysis technique. The results of this study On Lane A of the Cikopo Palimanan Toll Road Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic, there were 2 (two) similar accident-prone locations while the other 11 (eleven) prone locations were different. On Lane B of the Cikopo Palimanan Toll Road Before and During the Covid-19Pandemic, there was 1 (one) same accident-prone location while the other 14 (fourteen) prone locations were different. Results of the study, it can be concluded that there are differences in the parameters of accident-prone locations and the level of traffic accidents, while the fatality rate of traffic accidents is no difference between before the Covid-19 pandemic and during the Covid-19pandemic. Based on the Analysis (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment) road infrastructure Toll roads, the highest risk value for traffic accidents on the Cikopo – Palimanan toll road is on lane A STA 75+700, 82+100, 90+900, 100+700, 111+500, 114+300, 123+800, 151+ 300,153+500, 164+700 on lane B STA 74+100, 185+000.Keywords: Traffic Prone Location, Comparison, Before and During Covid-19ABSTRAKKondisi perekonomian, pendidikan dan segala aspek kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia terdampak oleh munculnya pandemi Covid-19 sehingga pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di awal tahun 2020. Pada tahun 2019 hingga Juli 2020 melalui data kepolisian Satlantas POLDA Jawa Barat dan Astra Infra Tol Cipali PT Lintas Marga Sedaya selaku operator jalan tol terdapat 1.075 Kejadian Kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan tol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan tingkat dan fatalitas kecelakaan sebelum dan pada saat pandemi Covid-19 serta Mengetahui perbedaan lokasi rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas di ruas jalan tol sebelum dan pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel tingkat kecelakaan, fatalitas, lokasi rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas menggunakan tekniki analisis HIRA (Hazard Identification Risk Assesment). Hasil penelitian ini Pada Jalur A Tol Cikopo Palimanan Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19ada 2 (dua) lokasi rawan kecelakaan yang sama sedangkan 11 (sebelas) lokasi rawan yang lainnya berbeda. Pada Jalur B Tol Cikopo Palimanan Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19ada 1 (satu) lokasi rawan kecelakaan yang sama sedangkan 14 (empat belas) lokasi rawan yang lainnya berbeda. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan pada parameter lokasi rawan kecelakaan dan tingkat kecelakaan lalu lintas, sedangkan tingkat fatalitas kecelakaan lalu lintas tidak ada perbedaan antara sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan pada saat pandemi covid 19. Berdasarkan Analisis (Hazard Identification Risk Assesment) infrastruktur jalan tol diperoleh Nilai Risiko terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan tol Cikopo – Palimanan tertinggi yaitu pada jalur A STA 75+700, 82+100, 90+900, 100+700, 111+500, 114+300, 123+800, 151+300,153+500, 164+700 pada jalur B STA 74+100, 185+000.Kata kunci: Lokasi Rawan, Komparasi, Sebelum dan Saat Covid-19

Background; Adolescent Reproductive Health (15-24 years), 8% of young men agree to premarital sexual relations, and only 1% of young women. PKBI East Kalimantan (2008), among 300 adolescents (ages 13-20 years), 12% of respondents claimed to have had sex, 56% of them had sex like husband and wife, and most were high school / vocational high school students. Aim; The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with premarital sexual behavior in high school students in Samarinda City. Research outputs can be: Modules, International Journals, Seminars, Flip sheets and Leaflets on Premarital Sexual Behavior in Adolescents, Method; The study used a cross sectional approach with a sample of 356 in 9 high schools and vocational schools in Samarinda, using the Slovin sample formula Results; 1) There is a significant relationship between attitude, religiosity, and parenting factors with premarital sexual behavior among high school students in the city of Samarinda. 2) There is no significant relationship between information source factors and premarital sexual behavior among high school students in Samarinda City. Conclusion; 1) It is very necessary to instill the values of good and positive attitudes for adolescents, especially in high school students as a reinforcement of premarital sexual understanding and its effects, 2) There needs to be an increase in fostering the appreciation and practice of religious values in schools and the implementation of religious obligations while at both at school and at home, 3) Open communication relations between parents and children are needed in order to implement good and democratic parenting.

Abstract: This research is based on a new design on the pedestrian ways on MT. Haryono Street corridor of the Peterongan-Bangkong intersection, because the Semarang City Government made several changes to the pedestrian lane design in several locations, one of which was on MT. Haryono Street. Through this new pedestrian ways design, researchers will associate with mixed areas or mixed-use areas in the corridor that will be examined based on factors and indicators of the mixed area and pedestrian ways design. The purpose of this study is to determine the utilization of pedestrian ways in the mixed-use area which gets the highest priority based on pedestrian path users. Field data and interview results on pedestrian path users obtained were then analyzed using a qualitative deductive method combined with quantitative through sampling with purposive sampling. And it was concluded that the highest utilization of the new design of pedestrian ways in the MT Haryono Street is a function and activity.Keyword: Pedestrian ways' utilization, mixed-use area, MT. Haryono street corridor, fuction and activityAbstrak: Penelitian ini didasari oleh desain baru pada jalur pedestrian di Jalan MT. Haryono koridor Peterongan-Perempatan Bangkong, karena Pemerintah Kota Semarang melakukan beberapa perubahan terhadap desain jalur pedestrian di beberapa lokasi, salah satunya di Jalan MT. Haryono. Melalui desain jalur pedestrian yang baru ini, peneliti akan mengkaitkan dengan area campuran atau mixed-use area pada koridor tersebut yang akan diteliti berdasarkan faktor-faktor dan indikator area campuran dan desain jalur pedestrian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan jalur pedestrian pada area mixed-use manakah yang mendapat prioritas paling besar berdasarkan pengguna jalur pedestrian. Data lapangan dan hasil wawancara pada pengguna jalur pedestrian yang didapat kemudian dianalisa menggunakan metode deduktif kualitatif yang dikombinasikan dengan kuantitatif melalui pengambilan sample dengan purposive sampling. Dan didapatkan kesimpulan pemanfaatan paling tinggi dari desain baru jalur pedestrian Jalan MT. Haryono adalah fungsi dan aktivitas.Kata Kunci: Pemanfaatan jalur pedestrian, area mixed-use, koridor Jalan MT. Haryono, fungsi dan aktivitas

Abstrak: Pertolongan pertama yang segera diberikan pada kasus cardiac arrest yang timbul di masyarakat sebenarnya bukan hanya tanggung jawab petugas Kesehatan. Orang awam/anggota masyarakat seyogyanya mempunyai pengetahuan dan keterampilan dasar tentang penanganan kasus kedaruratan umum yang sering ditemui dimasyarakat. Belum masuknya program pelatihan penanganan kasus kedaruratan umum untuk orang awam/layperson dalam agenda pembinaan kesehatan oleh pemerintah, akan meningkatan angka kematian pada kelompok orang yang beresiko tersebut. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan tindakan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD). Mitra yang terlibat adalah sebanyak 26 Kader Kesehatan di Kota Malang. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah pendampingan dan pelatihan tindakan pendampingan tindakan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) yang meliputi kasus tersedak benda asing, dan kasus henti napas dan henti jantung. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah adanya peningkatan kemampuan kognitif dari peserta setelah diadakan pendampingan dan pelatihan.Abstract: Immediate first aid given in cardiac arrest cases that arise in the community is not the only responsibility of health workers. Laypersons should have basic knowledge and skills regarding handling general emergency cases encountered in the community. The absence of a general emergency case handling training program for laypersons in the government's health development agenda will increase the mortality rate for these groups of people at risk. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out training activities and assistance for Basic Life Support skills. The partners involved were 26 Health Cadres in Malang City. The method used for the service activity is mentoring and training for assistance for Basic Life Support skills, including choking on foreign objects and respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest. There was an improvement in the participants' cognitive abilities after mentoring and training skills.