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N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5 ; International audience ; This contribution focuses on the relationship between rural systems and biofuels production, referring to a more general relationship between territorial organisation and renewable energies.This is a very crucial issue, since energy production from renewable sources is assuming an ever more pivotal role in the most recent international debate on sustainable development. Biofuels represent, in Europe as in other parts of the world, a promising technology to produce fuel and one of the more realistic alternative to partially corrode the role of oil into the transport sector. Starting from the presentation of two Italian case studies, the paper aims at developing an interpretative framework to analyze the different perspectives/approaches by which the biodiesel production can interact with the territory (mostly rural but not only) and engage different actors.Through the distinction between an industrial and a territorial model and the identification of their respective challenges, potentialities and limits, the paper ends with a reflection on what Italian policies have been done until now to promote a domestic agro-energetic chain of biodiesel.

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5 ; International audience ; This contribution focuses on the relationship between rural systems and biofuels production, referring to a more general relationship between territorial organisation and renewable energies.This is a very crucial issue, since energy production from renewable sources is assuming an ever more pivotal role in the most recent international debate on sustainable development. Biofuels represent, in Europe as in other parts of the world, a promising technology to produce fuel and one of the more realistic alternative to partially corrode the role of oil into the transport sector. Starting from the presentation of two Italian case studies, the paper aims at developing an interpretative framework to analyze the different perspectives/approaches by which the biodiesel production can interact with the territory (mostly rural but not only) and engage different actors.Through the distinction between an industrial and a territorial model and the identification of their respective challenges, potentialities and limits, the paper ends with a reflection on what Italian policies have been done until now to promote a domestic agro-energetic chain of biodiesel.

Growing awareness of anthropogenic climate change, deep cuts in CO2 emissions, and the exhaustion of easy-to-extract fossil fuels have led to a growing interest in developing renewable energy sources as a part of the (desired) transition to a low-carbon society. The target of the European Union for 2020 is to cover 20% of final energy consumption by renewable energy sources, and for 2030 it should reach at least 32%. While there are ambitious goals to boost the energy transition, it is becoming increasingly evident that the processes run differently in different countries, some of which still prefer path-dependent options and resist major changes. This comparative study applies a historical institutionalist approach to examine the institutional factors influencing the development of renewable energies in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy and Spain, countries with different geographies, political and socio-cultural traditions, belonging respectively to Central and Southern Europe, whose comparison has so far been largely neglected in the literature. The general objective of this paper is to investigate and exemplify how diverse energy traditions, institutional frameworks, policies and practices shape the processes and outcomes of the renewable energy transition.