Suchergebnisse

Since the outbreak of the COVID-2019, in the context of a series of international and regional conflicts, such as the protracted Russian Ukrainian conflict, the escalating European energy crisis, and the frequent wars along the border between Azerbaijan and Armenia, the leaders of the SCO countries convened the offline summit for the first time and issued the Samarqand Declaration. Compared with the past, the Samarqand Summit has achieved fruitful results, reflected a series of new signals. At the same time, the implementation of the results may also face internal and external challenges and practical problems. However, all parties expect that the SCO, which has been established for 21 years, will continue to show greater responsibility in regional and global development, consolidate new consensus on cooperation and write a new chapter of cooperation.

The adoption and implementation of the Russian Law "On Production Sharing Agreements" marks a significant increase in the openness of the Russian oil and gas sector. The purpose of this law is to encourage and attract more foreign direct investment in the Russian manufacturing sector. In the context of the fruitful results of strategic cooperation between China and Russia, the role of the "Crushed Stone Ballast" of energy cooperation was additionally demonstrated. From the point of view of Chinese scientists, this article analyzes the prerequisites for the introduction of the Russian system of production sharing agreements and the goals of the introduction of the system, and, finally, predicts the trend of cooperation between China and Russia in this area.

With the increase of transnational economic and trade as well as civil and commercial exchanges, the importance of the recognition and enforcement of civil and commercial judgments between countries has become more and more pronounced. The reciprocity principle is an important basis for recognition and enforcement, and China has adopted a relatively single, strict standard of de facto reciprocity in judicial practice. However, China has taken a proactive approach to the application of reciprocity, promptly following the precedents set by foreign courts on recognition and enforcement, and has introduced a series of judicial policies to promote the flexible and liberal application of the reciprocity principle. It has also summarized and clarified the thinking on the adjudication of the reciprocity principle, promptly responding to difficulties and irregularities in practice and showing good prospects for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in China. China still needs to establish the rules for the application of the reciprocity principle in the form of law, regulate judicial operations more, and dovetail with international conventions and bilateral judicial assistance treaties to establish a sound system for the recognition and enforcement of foreign civil and commercial judgments and better promote the circulation of global judgments.

Based on the judicial policy supporting the development of international commercial arbitration and following the international development trend, China has not only introduced the emergency arbitrator system into the arbitration rules of arbitration institutions, but also intends to make breakthroughs in legislation - the Arbitration Law (revised draft), issued by the Ministry of Justice on July 30, 2021, adopted interim measures as a new special section and introduced the emergency arbitrator system. Although some arbitration institutions in China have made breakthrough attempts for the emergency arbitrator system, it is still new in China so that its provisions and application remains in the superficial stage. Therefore, this article will take China's Arbitration Law (revised draft) as the background and combine with the provisions of arbitration institutions headquartered in mainland China on the emergency arbitrator system to discuss the construction and rule design of the emergency arbitrator system in China.

With the formal implementation of the Foreign Investment Law, a multi-level dispute settlement mechanism targeted at disputes has been formed. Under the background of the implementation of the foreign investment law, diversified investment dispute settlement is forming and will go through innovation, especially under the background of open-up investment dispute settlement mechanism. Multi-level investment disputes relate to both domestic and international level, "wall" function for international investment dispute settlement mechanism may realize through the principle of exhaustion of local remedies.

he right of football clubs to establish local bans (the so-called "blacklists") depends on a number of reasons. A local ban on visiting football matches can act as a measure to combat the unlawful behaviour of viewers, thus complementing the administrative responsibility of the spectators. In Russian law it is not possible to impose a ban on the sale of tickets to football matches by football clubs. The current wording of the rules of spectators' behaviour during official sporting events does not, by default, allow supporter identity checks when entering the stadium. That also complicates the identification of spectators for being on the "blacklist". The practice of civil suits brought by football clubs against supporters, as one of the few legal tools to influence supporters, is currently not widespread. As a result, there are no uniform approaches to resolve these disputes: the courts motivate refusals by various arguments, the validity of which can be reasonably criticised.

In recent years, the construction of the "One Belt, One Road" project has continued to develop, providing a huge market and development opportunities for the countries along this route. At the same time, investments in the countries along the "One Belt, One Road" project, in addition to general business risks, also face more serious political risks and investment and legal risks. Due to the shortcomings of existing bilateral, regional and multilateral mechanisms for preventing and resolving investment disputes, it is currently not possible to effectively prevent and resolve the risks associated with international investments by Chinese companies in countries along the "One Belt, One Road" initiative. Conclusions. The implementation of the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative is of theoretical and practical importance. Theoretical - in terms of the development of the "theory of diversified management" and the concept of "Justice and Benefit". Practical - in terms of optimizing the business environment along the "One Belt, One Road" project, protecting the legal rights and interests of Chinese enterprises abroad and promoting the subsequent improvement of investment agreements.