Suchergebnisse

The general purpose of regulating chemical and hazardous waste in international legal frameworks is to protect against life-threatening and adverse impacts on the environment during its generation and use at the domestic level and global transfer. Implementing these global regimes can be effective at the national level when the top leadership makes environmental protection a priority agenda in its policy and legislation, shifting from a traditional economic development attitude to harmonizing environmental, human rights, and economic growth needs. To this end, the joint plans and actions of institutions, which should be augmented by public involvement and judicial activism, play crucial roles. Mining companies should also be part of this cooperative framework, changing their enclave attitude and exclusionary approach. This paper analyzes the implementation of chemical- and hazardous-waste-based global regimes in Ethiopia by adopting a comparative method as a lesson from other jurisdictions. It argues that realizing multilateral agreements remains in the dock due to legal and practical gaps. The applicable domestic laws are flawed, exhibiting inconsistency, fragmentation, and inadequacy. Additionally, the state's conduct does not balance its or investors' economic interests with those of indigenous people, including their health, livelihood, and the environment. Thus, it recommends legal rectification and practical compliance with international law to realize the sustainable viability of human health and environmental media.

In terms of the implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements, the implementation of the agreements has gradually shifted from the institutional construction of the international level to the implementation of the national level. Since the Millennium Development Goals did not reach the goal of sustainable development in the year of 2015, 2030 Sustainable Development Goals had drew the lessons, put forward the goals of economic, social and environmental, and required all countries to provide their own country's plan. As the largest developing country, China plays a decisive role in the international environmental governance. At home, China has formulated the domestic environmental governance norms for the implementation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, and established an inter ministerial coordination mechanism for implementing the Sustainable Development Agenda composed of 43 government departments. China is also actively participating in international environmental governance, participating and promoting the conclusion and effectiveness of treaties on environmental protection at the international and regional levels, earnestly implementing and helping other countries to implement treaties, and expanding the global partnership through various formal and informal meetings and other channels.

Strengthening China's role in the Arctic Council / Qin Tianbao and Li Miaomiao -- Legal issues in Arctic scientific research : a Chinese perspective / Ren Shidan -- Chinese Arctic discussion ? a micro reading of world affairs / Julia Jalo and Tapio Nyknen -- China and maritime sovereignty and right issues in Arctic Chinese legal perspectives on Arctic governance / Jiang Xiaoyi & Xiaoguang Zhou -- China and Finland in the globalised Arctic ? asymmetry with common interests? / Lassi Heininen -- A common heritage : the place of the Arctic in the Chinese and Finnish discourses / Tapio Nyknen -- China as an observer in the Arctic Council / Timo Koivurova, Waliul Hasanat, Piotr Graczyk, and Tuuli Kuusama -- Conservation of marine living resources and fisheries management in the Arctic : perspectives from non-arctic actors / Sebastien Duyck -- Incentives, practices, and opportunities for Arctic external actors? engagement with indigenous peoples: China and the European Union / Adam Stepien -- China and the development of international law on Arctic shipping : challenges and opportunities / Nengye Liu & Kamrul Hossain

AbstractZoonotic viruses have sacrificed hundreds of millions of people throughout human history. There are currently 1.7 million unidentified viruses estimated to be circulating in mammal and bird populations. It is foreseeable that in the near future, another of these will transmit to people, heralding the start of the next pandemic—one potentially more deadly than COVID-19. At the core of this article is a call for pre-emptive protection of the natural environment and its regenerative systems as the first fundamental step in the prevention of future epidemics and pandemics. While zoonoses originate in nature, the predominant legal discipline, managing these crises, is international health law which is invoked reactively once an outbreak has been reported. In this paper, we identify the need for a legal shift in epidemic and pandemic responses. In particular, we call for the incorporation of international environmental agreements to prevent the initial viral spillover from animal to human populations. We propose a strategy of strengthening existing agreements and a coupling of legal disciplines, such as health and environmental law, emphasizing the need for synergies across legal disciplines to enhance the emergence and management of future pandemics and epidemics. We introduce Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS) Law to frame the required integration across legal instruments to regulate inextricably human-nature connections and advocate for the development of a Convention on Epidemics and Pandemics.

Foreword -- Contents -- Part I: Words of Welcome from All Continents -- Greeting to the Launch of the Yearbook from an African Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Planet: A Stifled Cry from Mother Earth -- 3 What Can We Do to Address the Cry of Mother Earth and Her Soils? -- 3.1 Redefine Desertification to Land Degradation Globally -- 3.2 Africa Needs to Engage in a Truthful Reality Check -- 3.3 Africa Can Lead the Way -- 4 Conclusion: More Tough Questions -- References -- Audit of Soil Governance -- Soils Need International Governance: A European Perspective for the First Volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and... -- North American Soils and World Food -- 1 Contributions of North American Soils and Agriculture -- 2 Soil Conservation and Management -- 3 Ecological Impacts of Soil, Live-Stock and Water Mis-Management -- 4 Epilogue: The Unsustainable Entanglement of Nations -- References -- Soils Governance, an Australian Perspective -- 1 The Effects of Australia´s Rural Context -- 2 Mixed Problem Archetypes -- References -- Striving for Land-Soil Sustainability: Some Legal Reflections -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Deforestation and Soil Degradation -- 3 Creeping Desertification -- 4 SDGs and Land Degradation Neutrality -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Part II: Recent Developments of Soil Regulation at International Level -- International Soil Protection Law: History, Concepts and Latest Developments -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Milestones of Soil Protection at the International Level -- 2.1 Stockholm Conference 1972 -- 2.2 Rio Conference 1992 -- 2.3 World Summit on Sustainable Development 2002 -- 2.4 Rio+20 Conference 2012 -- 2.5 The Sustainable Development Goals 2015 -- 2.6 Ideas and Models for a Stand-Alone International Legal Soil-Related Instrument -- 3 Conventions/Hard Law -- 3.1 UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement