Suchergebnisse

L'articolo esamina le forme di assistenza offerte alle donne migranti giunte in stato di gravidanza in Europa, attraverso i viaggi via mare. Nella prima parte dell'articolo l'autore analizza le violenze di genere subite dalle donne durante il percorso migratorio dal continente africano ai territori-frontiera dell'Italia meridionale, quale l'isola di Lampedusa e la città di Palermo, in Sicilia. La seconda parte dell'articolo sottolinea le difficoltà incontrate dalle migranti nell'accesso all'interruzione volontaria di gravidanza, e l'influenza delle condizioni di vita all'interno dei centri di accoglienza sulla salute globale delle donne. L'autore sostiene che le violenze strutturali e le forme di discriminazione a cui le migranti di origine sub-sahariana sono soggette continuano dopo il loro arrivo in Europa. Le violenze istituzionali esercitate attraverso le leggi in materia di salute riproduttiva e lo stesso funzionamento del sistema di accoglienza si accumulano ai traumi fisici e psicologici vissuti durante la migrazione.

Cet article examine les facteurs, nombreux et variés, dont dépend la quantité de temps dédié par le personnel médical à la communication avec les patients avant tout examen visant à établir un diagnostic ou toute thérapie hospitalière. Les analyses proposées se basent sur un travail de recherche ethnographique mené dans quatre hôpitaux de Turin, dans le Nord de l'Italie. La première partie de l'article traitera du temps hospitalier, qui s'écoule très vite et qui apparaît souvent insuffisant pour dialoguer avec les patients. La deuxième partie s'intéressera à d'autres facteurs montrant que toutes les catégories de personnel hospitalier ne souffrent pas du même manque de temps pour informer et qu'elles n'accordent autant de temps à toutes les catégories de patients. La troisième partie sera focalisée sur la centralité de l'échange médecin­patient dans l'information des patients et sur les stratégies mises en œuvre individuellement par ces derniers pour rassembler d'autres informations sur leur maladie et les parcours de soins.

Cet article propose une étude du rôle des conjoints dans le modèle de l'accouchement « naturel ». La recherche de l'auteure montre que la présence croissante des conjoints aux côtés des femmes, si elle est très appréciée par la majorité d'entre elles, n'est pas exempte d'ambiguïtés et de zones d'ombre, au point de former, parfois, un nouveau facteur de domination, aux dépens de l'hétérogénéité des parcours des femmes, de leurs conditions de vie et de leurs choix. La première partie de l'article se concentre sur les caractéristiques du rôle des conjoints avant, pendant et après l'accouchement. La seconde partie montre comment l'importance donnée aujourd'hui au rôle des conjoints peut conduire à certains glissements contradictoires, dont (1) la dévalorisation du travail procréatif mené par les femmes ; et (2) la cristallisation de nouvelles attentes de la part du personnel hospitalier vis-à-vis des parturientes.

À partir de recherches sur les violences obstétricales menées en Europe (France, Italie) et en Amérique latine (Mexique, Guatemala) auprès de femmes migrantes, pauvres, ou racisées, nous proposons de mettre ces violences en perspective, au regard de mécanismes globaux de domination (exil, racisme, pauvreté). Nous situons nos recherches dans le champ des études sur l'intersectionnalité et la justice reproductive, et proposons le cadre d'analyse de « l'injustice obstétricale » qui permet de dépasser certains des clivages de la catégorie de violences obstétricales en articulant les violences obstétricales à d'autres formes de violence vécues par ces femmes au cours de leur vie.

Introduction / Laura Ferrero, Chiara Quagliariello and Ana Cristina Vargas -- Framing deservingness in health care : media constructions of unauthorised youth in the United States / Anahí Viladrich -- Constructing the undeserving citizen : the embodied consequences of immigration enforcement in the US South / Nolan Kline -- Structural violence, tuberculosis and healthcare processes among Bolivian immigrants in Buenos Aires and São Paulo / Alejandro Goldberg, Cássio Silveira, Tatiane Barbosa and Denise Martin -- women, migration and health : an inquiry into gender-based violence and the limits of maternity care services in southern European borderlands / Chiara Quagliariello -- Roma and the right to health : a transnational approach to structural vulnerability / Pietro Cingolani -- Mental health as politics : exploring mental health services among Syrian refugees in Lebanon / Hala Kerbage and Filippo Marranconi -- From cultures to persons : intercultural mediation in the Italian healthcare system / Ana Cristina Vargas -- 'Community welfare' : community-based networks as migrant health promoters / Laura Ferrero -- Afterword. Forced migration, state violence and the right to health / Daniela DeBono.

Available online: 18 December 2018 ; In Greece, Italy, and Spain, austerity policies combined with the structural density of migration flows have had concrete social and material manifestations in the delivery of public health care. Through our ethnographic case studies in Lampedusa and southeastern Sicily, Melilla, and Athens, we examine the maternity care offered to migrant patients in the midst and the aftermath of the so-called "migration crisis" in state and non-state structures. Research was conducted in Athens and southeastern Sicily from August 2016 to August 2017; in Melilla from August 2016 to October 2016 and in January 2017; and in Lampedusa from August 2016 to January 2017. Data collected consist in semi-structured interviews and long-term ethnographic observations. The article explores whether and how the understanding or the labeling of the maternity care of migrants as an emergency within a context of professed crisis generates new norms of care within health-care delivery. Our findings suggest a) the adoption of solutions or practices that in the past might have been considered urgent, ad hoc, or creative; b) their normalization, deeply connected to the wider social landscape of these European peripheries and c) the institutionalization of humanitarianism in the context of these practices. Our research points out temporalities of emergency against the background of a professed migration crisis. In the context of austerity-driven underfunding, temporary solutions become entrenched, producing a lasting emergency. Yet, we argue that "emergency" can, at some point, generate practices of resistance that undermine, subtly yet significantly, its own normalization. ; ERC funded Project EU BORDER CARE 'Intimate Encounters in EU Borderlands: Migrant Maternity, Sovereignty and the Politics of Care on Europe's Periphery' (2015-2020) Grant number 638259

The reproductive care of pregnant migrants entering the European Union via its Mediterranean borders represents an under-examined topic, despite a growing scholarly emphasis on female migrants and the gendered aspects of migration in the past three decades. This article uses ethnographic data gathered in Greece, Italy, and Spain to examine pregnant migrants' experiences of crossing, first reception, and reproductive care. We discuss our findings through the conceptual lens of vulnerability, which we understand as a shifting and relational condition attributed to, or dynamically endorsed by, migrant patients within given social contexts and encounters. We focus on two principal aspects of migrant women's experiences. First, we shed light on their profiles, their journeys to Europe via the three main Mediterranean routes, and the conditions of first reception. Through ethnographic vignettes we examine the diverse ways in which pregnant migrants become vulnerable within these contexts. Second, we turn to the reproductive healthcare they receive in EU borderlands. We explore how declinations of ideas of vulnerability shape the medical encounter between healthcare professionals and migrant women and how vulnerability is dynamically used or contested by migrant patients to engage in meaningful social relations in unpredictable and unstable borderlands. ; This article is based on research conducted as part of the ERC-funded project EU Border Care