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World Affairs Online
Food Security and Forest Access in the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon
In: TFP-D-24-00213
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Innovative curricular approach in public health from a perspective of the right to health, critical focus of social determinants and health citizenship. Cali, Colombia. 2010-2018 ; Innovación curricular en salud pública desde una perspectiva del derecho a la salud, la determinación social y la const...
Introduction: The Medicine Program of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali in Colombia beganin 2010, including in its curriculum educational environments that aim to train medical students with a comprehensive vision of health and life. Objective: To document the curricular innovation in public health implemented in the program between 2010 and 2018 that has been oriented to transform the training approach in medical education. Materials and methods: Qualitative case study with documentaryreview. We used the "wheel method" to present the principles that guided the innovative approach. Results: We found four principles: ethical, political, theoretical and pedagogical. This implies the unrestricted defense of the right to health and the education in health citizenship from a critical focus of social determinants. It seeks the appropriation of social and humanistic competences through practices in vulnerable communities in Cali. Conclusions: This approach opens opportunitiesto reformulate the medical education, and expands training to build competencies that respond tothe "health-disease-care" process. ; Introducción: El programa de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali en Colombia se puso en marcha en 2010, incluyendo en su currículo ambientes educativos que apuntaran a laformación de médicos generales con una visión integral de la salud y la vida. Objetivo: Documentar la innovación curricular en salud pública implementada en el programa entre 2010 y 2018, orientadaa transformar el enfoque de formación en la educación médica. Materiales y métodos: Estudio decaso de tipo cualitativo. La técnica utilizada fue revisión documental. El instrumento del "métodode la rueda" fue aplicado para plantear los principios que guiaron esta innovación. Resultados:Se encontraron cuatro principios del abordaje: ético, político, teórico y pedagógico. Implica la defensa irrestricta del derecho a la salud y la construcción de ciudadanías activas en salud, desde un enfoque crítico de salud pública, el de la determinación social de la salud. Busca la apropiación de competencias sociales y humanísticas mediante prácticas comunitarias en territorios vulneradosde Cali. Conclusiones: Esta innovación abre oportunidades para reformular la educación médica, expandiendo la formación hacia la apropiación de competencias que respondan al proceso "saludenfermedad-atención". Abstract: Introduction: The Medicine Program of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali in Colombia beganin 2010, including in its curriculum educational environments that aim to train medical students with a comprehensive vision of health and life. Objective: To document the curricular innovation in public health implemented in the program between 2010 and 2018 that has been oriented to transform the training approach in medical education. Materials and methods: Qualitative case study with documentaryreview. We used the "wheel method" to present the principles that guided the innovative approach. Results: We found four principles: ethical, political, theoretical and pedagogical. This implies the unrestricted defense of the right to health and the education in health citizenship from a critical focus of social determinants. It seeks the appropriation of social and humanistic competences through practices in vulnerable communities in Cali. Conclusions: This approach opens opportunitiesto reformulate the medical education, and expands training to build competencies that respond tothe "health-disease-care" process. Key words: Medical education, public health, right to health, social determinants of health.
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Moving towards a deforestation-free cacao and chocolate value chain with low greenhouse gas emissions
The report "Towards a cocoa and chocolate chain free of deforestation and low in greenhouse gas emissions: Current status, opportunities with a value chain approach and plan of action" presents an input for the development of a cocoa chain free of deforestation and low in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Ucayali region. The document has been produced under the framework of the Sustainable Amazon Businesses (SAB) project, led by CIAT as part of the Bioversity International and CIAT Alliance, in coordination with the Ministry of the Environment (MINAM) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (MINAGRI) of Peru, and in partnership with the international consulting firm Climate Focus (CF). This project is part of the International Climate Initiative (IKI), supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety (BMU). The present plan aims to contribute to the effort of the Regional Government of Ucayali (GOREU) to reduce GHG emissions from the agricultural sector due to changes in land use in the Peruvian Amazon, in accordance with the Peruvian Government's international commitments to mitigate climate change. The document presents an innovative and novel plan to contribute to the environmental sustainability of the cacao and chocolate value chain, developed from the perspective of forest conservation and the recovery of degraded ecosystems and with solutions provided by value chain actors. The plan contributes to the Peruvian Government's efforts to comply with the National Determined Contributions (NDC) assumed at the Conference of the Parties - COP21 and the agreement between the Governments of Norway, Germany and Peru - Joint Declaration of Intent (JDI) - two commitments that seek to reduce GHGs. It also seeks to promote the development of national plans, policies and programs with a view to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDA) and Agenda 2030, which recognize that agriculture and climate change cannot be considered separately, and therefore call for a coherent and integrated approach to sustainability in the agriculture and environment sectors. This report provides information on the cocoa and chocolate chain that is as up-to-date as possible and very useful for the national and regional government, industry, producers, nongovernmental organizations and international cooperation agencies that are currently working on a chain that will contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture in the Peruvian Amazon. For the development of this document designed and agreed with key actors in the sector, the project has signed a framework cooperation agreement with GOREU. Through this cooperation, the articulation of this document with the most relevant development and territorial planning and production instruments in the region has been verified. Furthermore, it is expected that the specific elements of this document will contribute to the achievement of the objectives set out in the main management instruments of the Ucayali region and climate change in the country, among others: the Concerted Regional Development Plan (PDRC), the Regional Climate Change Strategy (ERCC) and the Low Emission Rural Development Strategy (ERBE). Based on this report, the SAB project intends to accompany the design and implementation of a pilot business model in the cocoa and chocolate chain, which will materialize several of the elements of this report, while taking advantage of emerging financial and market opportunities for products that are free of deforestation and low in GHG emissions. It is expected that this business model and its subsequent conversion into an investment model can serve for replication and scaling up in the region and in the country and, likewise, contribute with references of deforestation-free business models at the international level. Furthermore, it is expected that these models will serve as a basis for the generation of public policies that contribute to the sustainability of the sector.
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World Affairs Online
Moving towards a palm oil value chain that contributes to the conservation of forests and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
The report "Towards an oil palm chain that contributes to the conservation of forests and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions: Current status, opportunities with a value chain approach and action plan" presents an input for the development of an environmentally sustainable oil palm chain in the Ucayali region. The document has been produced under the framework of the Sustainable Amazon Businesses (SAB) project, led by CIAT as part of the Bioversity International and CIAT Alliance, in coordination with MINAM and MINAGRI of Peru, and in partnership with the international consulting firm Climate Focus (CF). This project is part of the International Climate Initiative (IKI), supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety (BMU). This plan aims to contribute to the effort of the Regional Government of Ucayali (GOREU) to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the agricultural sector, due to the change in land use in the Peruvian Amazon, in accordance with the international commitments of the Peruvian Government for the mitigation of climate change. The document presents an innovative and novel plan to contribute to the environmental sustainability of the oil palm value chain, developed from the perspective of forest conservation and the recovery of degraded ecosystems and with solutions provided by value chain actors. The plan contributes to the Peruvian Government's efforts to comply with the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) assumed at the Conference of the Parties - COP21 and the agreement between the Governments of Norway, Germany and Peru - Joint Declaration of Intent (JDI) - two commitments that seek to reduce GHGs. It also seeks to promote the development of national plans, policies and programs with a view to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDA) and Agenda 2030, which recognize that agriculture and climate change cannot be considered separately and therefore require a coherent and integrated approach to sustainability in the agriculture and environment sectors. This report provides information on the oil palm chain that is as up to date as possible, and very useful for the national and regional government, industry, producers, non-governmental organizations and international cooperation agencies, which are currently working towards a chain that will contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture in the Peruvian Amazon. For the development of this document, designed and agreed with key actors in the sector, the project has signed a framework cooperation agreement with the Regional Government of Ucayali (GOREU). Through this cooperation, the articulation of this document with the most relevant development and territorial planning and production instruments of the region has been verified. In addition, the specific elements of this document are expected to contribute to the achievement of the objectives set out in the main management instruments for the Ucayali region and for climate change in the country, including: the Concerted Regional Development Plan (PDRC), the Regional Climate Change Strategy (ERCC) and the Low Emission Rural Development Strategy (ERBE). Based on this report, the SAB project intends to accompany the design and implementation of a pilot business model in the oil palm chain, which will materialize several of the elements of this report, where, in turn, it will take advantage of the emerging financial and market opportunities for products free of deforestation and low in GHG emissions. It is expected that this business model and its subsequent conversion into an investment model can serve for replication and scaling up in the region and in the country; likewise, it will contribute with the references of deforestation-free business models at an international level. Furthermore, it is expected that these models will serve as a basis for the generation of public policies that contribute to the sustainability of the sector.
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Changes in food access by mestizo communities associated with deforestation and agrobiodiversity loss in Ucayali, Peruvian Amazon
Few longitudinal studies link agricultural biodiversity, land use and food access in rural landscapes. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that, in a context of economic change, cash crop expansion is associated with deforestation, reduced agrobiodiversity and changes in food access. For this purpose, we analysed data collected from the same 53 upland and floodplain mestizo households in Ucayali, Peru, in 2000 and 2015. We found an emerging transition towards less diversified food access coupled with loss of forest cover and reduced agricultural biodiversity. In 2015, diets appeared to rely on fewer food groups, fewer food items, and on products increasingly purchased in the market compared to 2000. Wild fruits and plants were mentioned, but rarely consumed. Agricultural production systems became more specialised with a shift towards commercial crops. Peak deforestation years in the 15-year period appeared linked with incentives for agricultural expansion. Our results suggest an overall trend from diversified productive and "extractive" systems and more diverse food access, towards specialized productive systems, with less diverse food access and stronger market orientation (both in production and consumption). The assumption in the food and agricultural sciences that increased income and market-orientation is linked to improved food security, is challenged by our integrated analyses of food access, agrobiodiversity, land use and forest cover. Our results highlight the importance of longitudinal, multidimensional, systemic analyses, with major implications for land use, food and health policies. The potential risks of parallel homogenisation of diets and agricultural production systems require interdisciplinary research and policies that promote integrated landscape approaches for sustainable and inclusive food systems.
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Research strategies to catalyze agroecological transitions in low- and middle-income countries
International audience ; Governments are updating national strategies to meet global goals on biodiversity, climate change and food systems proposed in the Convention on Biological Diversity post-2020 framework and agreed at the United Nation's Climate Change Conference (COP26) and Food Systems Summit (UNFSS). This represents a unique and crucial opportunity to integrate and accelerate food system actions to tackle interconnected global challenges. In this context, agroecology is a game-changing approach that can provide the world's growing population with nutritious, healthy affordable food, ensure fair incomes to farmers and halt and reverse the degradation of the natural environment. Here, we explore agroecological transition pathways in four case studies from low-and middle-income countries and identify catalysts for change. We find that enabling policy and market environments, participatory action research and local socio-technical support each plays a critical role in stimulating transitions towards agroecology. We propose strategies and priorities for research to better support agroecological transitions using these catalysts of change as entry points. Engagement of governments, private sector, civil society, farmers and farm workers in this research agenda is essential.
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Research strategies to catalyze agroecological transitions in low- and middle-income countries
International audience ; Governments are updating national strategies to meet global goals on biodiversity, climate change and food systems proposed in the Convention on Biological Diversity post-2020 framework and agreed at the United Nation's Climate Change Conference (COP26) and Food Systems Summit (UNFSS). This represents a unique and crucial opportunity to integrate and accelerate food system actions to tackle interconnected global challenges. In this context, agroecology is a game-changing approach that can provide the world's growing population with nutritious, healthy affordable food, ensure fair incomes to farmers and halt and reverse the degradation of the natural environment. Here, we explore agroecological transition pathways in four case studies from low-and middle-income countries and identify catalysts for change. We find that enabling policy and market environments, participatory action research and local socio-technical support each plays a critical role in stimulating transitions towards agroecology. We propose strategies and priorities for research to better support agroecological transitions using these catalysts of change as entry points. Engagement of governments, private sector, civil society, farmers and farm workers in this research agenda is essential.
BASE
Research strategies to catalyze agroecological transitions in low- and middle-income countries
Governments are updating national strategies to meet global goals on biodiversity, climate change and food systems proposed in the Convention on Biological Diversity post-2020 framework and agreed at the United Nation's Climate Change Conference (COP26) and Food Systems Summit (UNFSS). This represents a unique and crucial opportunity to integrate and accelerate food system actions to tackle interconnected global challenges. In this context, agroecology is a game-changing approach that can provide the world's growing population with nutritious, healthy affordable food, ensure fair incomes to farmers and halt and reverse the degradation of the natural environment. Here, we explore agroecological transition pathways in four case studies from low- and middle- income countries and identify catalysts for change. We find that enabling policy and market environments, participatory action research and local socio-technical support each plays a critical role in stimulating transitions towards agroecology. We propose strategies and priorities for research to better support agroecological transitions using these catalysts of change as entry points. Engagement of governments, private sector, civil society, farmers and farm workers in this research agenda is essential.
BASE
Research strategies to catalyze agroecological transitions in low- and middle-income countries
Governments are updating national strategies to meet global goals on biodiversity, climate change and food systems proposed in the Convention on Biological Diversity post-2020 framework and agreed at the United Nation's Climate Change Conference (COP26) and Food Systems Summit (UNFSS). This represents a unique and crucial opportunity to integrate and accelerate food system actions to tackle interconnected global challenges. In this context, agroecology is a game-changing approach that can provide the world's growing population with nutritious, healthy affordable food, ensure fair incomes to farmers and halt and reverse the degradation of the natural environment. Here, we explore agroecological transition pathways in four case studies from low- and middle- income countries and identify catalysts for change. We find that enabling policy and market environments, participatory action research and local socio-technical support each plays a critical role in stimulating transitions towards agroecology. We propose strategies and priorities for research to better support agroecological transitions using these catalysts of change as entry points. Engagement of governments, private sector, civil society, farmers and farm workers in this research agenda is essential.
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Agroecological transformation for sustainable food systems : Insight on France-CGIAR research
This 26th dossier d'Agropolis is devoted to research and partnerships in agroecology. The French Commission for International Agricultural Research (CRAI) and Agropolis International, on behalf of CIRAD, INRAE and IRD and in partnership with CGIAR, has produced this new issue in the 'Les dossiers d'Agropolis international' series devoted to agroecology. This publication has been produced within the framework of the Action Plan signed by CGIAR and the French government on February 4th 2021 to strengthen French collaboration with CGIAR, where agroecology is highlighted as one of the three key priorities (alongside climate change, nutrition and food systems).
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