Suchergebnisse

"In der Diskussion über Politiken zur Steigerung des globalen Umweltschutzniveaus wird immer wieder die Rolle von Transfers ins Spiel gebracht. Tatsächlich wird in der aktuellen internationalen Politik versucht, durch Transfers eine Steigerung der globalen Umweltqualität zu erreichen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Wirkungsweisen solcher Transfers analysiert, und ihre Erfolgschancen kritisch hinterfragt. Dabei findet ein umfassender Analyse-Ansatz Anwendung, der auch sekundäre Effekte von Schutzmaßnahmen berücksichtigt." (Autorenreferat)

Die Europäische Klimapolitik verfolgt das Ziel ihre CO2 - Emissionen zu reduzieren. Sollte die EU zentral oder dezentral über entsprechende Maßnahmen entscheiden? Welche Folgen entstehen für die europäische Wohlfahrt? Welche Rolle spielen Nicht - EU Staaten?

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the role of transfers as a means to overcome inefficiencies in the provision of impure public goods. The paper employs the example of international conditional transfers targeted to overcome suboptimal low climate protection efforts by influencing the abatement technology choice of countries.Design/methodology/approachThe paper applies the Lancastrian characteristics approach and conduct numerical simulations for divergent degrees of substitutability between different characteristics. The paper takes into account climate‐protection benefits (global pollution reduction) as well as co‐benefits (local pollution reduction) of climate protection activities.FindingsThe analysis shows that individual country solution can be improved upon by making transfers from the richer countries to the poorer ones, if the latter have a lower relative preference for the global public goods (global pollution reduction) than the former. The magnitudes of such transfers will depend on the relative benefits of the global and local pollutants in the two countries. The authors also investigated the dependency of the potential for transfers on the degree of complementarity between global and local pollution characteristics. With a "Cobb Douglas" type of function used here the elasticity of substitution between the two is of course one. With a zero degree of substitutability the adjustment to a lower level of the global public good in fact starts to happen at a lower per capita income level. The scope for conditional transfers is still there, although the gains can be slightly smaller than when adjustment on the "global pollution characteristic – local pollution characteristic" margin is possible.Originality/valueThis paper is a contribution to the literature on impure public goods. In particular, the authors examine the role of international transfers in obtaining an efficient global allocation of resources in the presence of such public goods. To date the analysis of impure public goods has not examined the case of a continuum of technologies where an efficient solution requires conditional transfers, i.e. payments from one country to another to undertake a different supply of global and local public goods than the second country would wish to undertake.

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate empirically the findings of an analytical impure public good model. The impure public good model described in this study allows for the application of different technologies generating public and private characteristics. The influence of the individual technologies on the total level of (impure) public good provision is of main concern in this study.Design/methodology/approachAfter the illustration of the impure public good model, the analytical results are compared to the results of a numerical approach based on climate policy in Germany.FindingsThe study shows that comparative static analyses do not always generate clear results. Therefore, the numerical approach is helpful to derive unambiguous results. The paper finds that technologies which exclusively generate private characteristics may have significant effects on total impure public good provision, since they may replace the private characteristics of the impure public good.Originality/valueThis paper provides useful information on the influence of the individual technologies on the total level of (impure) public good provision.