Civil Rights: the Way not to Violate while Combating the Spread of Infectious Diseases (by the Example of Fighting against COVID-19)
The author of the article has analyzed the legislation of Ukraine on combating the spread of infectious diseases, in particular, with regard to the perfection of the formulation of powers of local self-government agencies. The author emphasizes that the restrictions imposed by the authorities (regarding the ban on the operation of private catering establishments, hotels, shops, etc.) are an intrusion (interference) of the state, represented by local self-government agencies into the property right guaranteed by the Art. 1 of the First Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. This conclusion, according to the author, follows, in particular, from the ECHR judgments, where it stated that the concept of "property", as well as "ownership", has a fairly broad interpretation and covers a range of economic interests (assets) – both tangible and intangible, such as: real estate, proceeds from property, personal property, "assets", "legitimate expectations" to act in accordance with a permit issued by public authorities, etc. The author of the article studies the process of introducing sequestration restrictions on the territory of Kyiv City; studies the status of the Plenary Committee on Technogenic and Environmental Safety and Emergency Situations of the executive agency of Kyiv City Council, which decided to introduce such restrictions. The analysis of the Ukrainian legislation has resulted to the conclusion that the Committee did not have the authority to introduce sequestration restrictions. It has been concluded at the end of the article that the Law of Ukraine "On Protection of the Population from Infectious Diseases" should be revised and amended. According to the author, the types, conditions and procedures for introducing measures that can be implemented by the public administration subjects to overcome the spread of infectious diseases should be determined with the greatest degree of details; the authorized entities to implement (apply) each of these measures ...