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Cover -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Preface -- 1. Genocide, Criminology, and Evolution of the "Crime of Crimes" -- THE KATYN FOREST GENOCIDE, 1940 -- 2. What Kind of a Crime Is Genocide? -- CAPSULE SUMMARIES OF EIGHT GENOCIDES -- 3. The Big Picture: The Macro Dynamics of Genocide -- THE HERERO GENOCIDE, 1904-1907 -- 4. The Emotional Dynamics of Genocide: Meso-Level Analyses -- THE INDONESIAN GENOCIDE, 1965-1966 -- 5. Extermination Up Close and Personal: Genocide on the Micro Level -- THE CAMBODIAN GENOCIDE, 1975-1979 -- 6. Mobilization for Destruction -- THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE, 1915-1923 THE NAZI GENOCIDE OF THE DISABLED, 1939-1945 -- 7. Gender and Genocide -- THE RWANDAN GENOCIDE, 1994 -- 8. How Do Genocides End? Do They End? -- THE GUATEMALAN GENOCIDE, 1981-1983 -- 9. Treating Genocide as a Crime -- Appendix A: Twentieth-Century Genocides -- Appendix B: Case-Study Questions -- Notes -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z -- About the Author.

Cambodia. Rwanda. Armenia. Nazi Germany. History remembers these places as the sites of unspeakable crimes against humanity, and indisputably, of genocide. Yet, throughout the twentieth century, the world has seen many instances of violence committed by states against certain groups within their borders--from the colonial ethnic cleansing the Germans committed against the Herero tribe in Africa, to the Katyn Forest Massacre, in which the Soviets shot over 20,000 Poles, to anti-communist mass murders in 1960s Indonesia. Are mass crimes against humanity like these still genocide? And how can an understanding of crime and criminals shed new light on how genocide--the "crime of all crimes"--Transpires? In The Crime of All Crimes, criminologist Nicole Rafter takes an innovative approach to the study of genocide by comparing eight diverse genocides--large-scale and small; well-known and obscure--through the lens of criminal behavior. Rafter explores different models of genocidal activity, reflecting on the popular use of the Holocaust as a model for genocide and ways in which other genocides conform to different patterns. For instance, Rafter questions the assumption that only ethnic groups are targeted for genocidal "cleansing," and she also urges that actions such as genocidal rape be considered alongside traditional instances of genocidal violence. Further, by examining the causes of genocide on different levels, Rafter is able to construct profiles of typical victims and perpetrators and discuss means of preventing genocide, in addition to delving into the social psychology of genocidal behavior and the ways in which genocides are brought to an end. A sweeping and innovative investigation into the most tragic of events in the modern world, The Crime of All Crimes will fundamentally change how we think about genocide in the present day.

Criminology is a unique field of study which purports to bring scientific knowledge to the world of crime and criminals. Tracing the intellectual origins of criminology to physiognomy, phrenology, and evolutionary theories, this book demonstrates criminology's background in new attitudes toward science and the development of scientific methodologies applicable to social and mental phenomena. The book brings together a collection of 19th-century texts from the key originators of the practice of criminology - selected, introduced, and with commentaries by the leading scholar in this area, Nicole

Criminologists continue to debate fundamental issues about the nature of their work. Some of the issues were built into the field by the criminal anthropologists who founded it a century ago. By examining the work of major American criminal anthropologists—a nearly forgotten group—one can identify the origins of three enduring problems: criminology's difficulties in (1) establishing its disciplinary boundaries; (2) defining its methods: and (3) deciding whether its primary goal is crime control or the production of knowledge with no immediate use‐value. The study of criminology's roots in criminal anthropology cannot settle these debates, but it can put them in historical perspective and clarify their substance.

While conservatives have gained control over family policy issues in the 1980s, the Left's response has been one of lassitude, even though there remains a great deal that progressives could do to break the Right's hold on family issues. There has recently been an enormous revival of interest in the role played by the family in causing crime, mostly among conservative researchers whose message is that family disorganization breeds crime, with individual blame often placed on the mother. If progressives are to be involved in formulating & implementing crime prevention policies, they too will have to focus on the family, considering the social factors that generate family problems. One way to loosen the Right's grip on family issues & simultaneously become more involved in criminal justice policy is to concentrate on women & crime. The causes of female crime are related to both poverty & the family & can therefore be addressed through more progressive family policies. The best strategy may be to focus on issues of incarcerated women. Various approaches to this issue & the dangers inherent in them are considered. Bringing the issues of women & crime to center stage would contribute to policies that could alleviate both crime & gender inequality. F. S. J. Ledgister

From a look at classics like Psycho and Double Indemnity to recent films like Traffic and Thelma & Louise, Nicole Rafter and Michelle Brown show that criminological theory is produced not only in the academy, through scholarly research, but also in popular culture, through film. Criminology Goes to the Movies connects with ways in which students are already thinking criminologically through engagements with popular culture, encouraging them to use the everyday world as a vehicle for theorizing and understanding both crime and perceptions of criminality. The first work to bring a systematic and

A lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology. What is the relationship between criminality and biology? Nineteenth-century phrenologists insisted that criminality was innate, inherent in the offender's brain matter. While they were eventually repudiated as pseudo-scientists, today the pendulum has swung back. Both criminologists and biologists have begun to speak of a tantalizing but disturbing possibility: that criminality may be inherited as a set of genetic deficits that place one at risk to commit theft, violence, or acts of sexual deviance. But what do these new theories really assert? Are they as dangerous as their forerunners, which the Nazis and other eugenicists used to sterilize, incarcerate, and even execute thousands of supposed "born" criminals? How can we prepare for a future in which leaders may propose crime-control programs based on biology? In this second edition of The Criminal Brain, Nicole Rafter, Chad Posick, and Michael Rocque describe early biological theories of crime and provide a lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology. New chapters introduce the theories of the latter part of the 20th century; apply and critically assess current biosocial and evolutionary theories, the developments in neuro-imaging, and recent progressions in fields such as epigenetics; and finally, provide a vision for the future of criminology and crime policy from a biosocial perspective. The book is a careful, critical examination of each research approach and conclusion. Both compiling and analyzing the body of scholarship devoted to understanding the criminal brain, this volume serves as a condensed, accessible, and contemporary exploration of biological theories of crime and their everyday relevance. -- Provided by publisher