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This innovative book examines the use of ethnography and fieldwork in Criminology and Criminal Justice Research. Using a combination of case studies, as well as "behind the scenes" contributions, it provides an comprehensive look at both the insights gained from ethnographic research, as well as the choices researchers make in conducting that work. The research is divided into three main sections, covering ethnographies of subcultures, ethnographies of place, and ethnographies of policing. It includes a diverse group of international contributors to provide perspectives on researchers' selection of questions to study, and their decisions about using ethnography to study those questions. This work will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, particularly with a qualitative perspective, as well as related fields such as sociology, anthropology, and demography. It will also be of interest to students studying research methods and design.--

From Rodney King and "driving while black" to claims of targeting of undocumented Latino immigrants, relationships surrounding race, ethnicity, and the police have faced great challenge. Race, Ethnicity, and Policing includes both classic pieces and original essays that provide the reader with a comprehensive, even-handed sense of the theoretical underpinnings, methodological challenges, and existing research necessary to understand the problems associated with racial and ethnic profiling and police bias. This path-breaking volume affords a holistic approach to the topic, guiding readers through the complexity of these issues, making clear the ecological and political contexts that surround them, and laying the groundwork for future discussions. The seminal and forward-thinking twenty-two essays clearly illustrate that equitable treatment of citizens across racial and ethnic groups by police is one of the most critical components of a successful democracy, and that it is only when agents of social control are viewed as efficient, effective, and legitimate that citizens will comply with the laws that govern their society. The book includes an introduction by Robin S. Engel and contributions from leading scholars including Jeffrey A. Fagan, James J. Fyfe, Bernard E. Harcourt, Delores Jones-Brown, Ramiro Martínez, Jr., Karen F. Parker, Alex R. Piquero, Tom R. Tyler, Jerome H. Skolnick, Ronald Weitzer, and many others

A sketch of the policeman's working personality / Jerome H. Skolnick -- Driving while black: a statistician proves that prejudice still rules the road / John Lamberth -- The stories, the statistics, and the law: why "driving while black" matters / David A. Harris -- Legitimacy and cooperation: why do people help the police fight crime in their communities? / Tom R. Tyler and Jeffrey A. Fagan -- Race and policing in different ecological contexts / Ronald Weitzer -- Racially biased policing: a review of the judicial and legislative literature / Delores Jones-Brown and Brian A. Maule -- Methods for assessing racially biased policing / Greg Ridgeway and John MacDonald -- Using geographic information systems to study race, crime, and policing / Matt R. Nobles -- Beyond stop rates: using qualitative methods to examine racially biased policing / Rod K. Brunson -- State of the science in racial profiling research: substantive and methodological considerations / Meaghan Paulhamus, Robert J. Kane, and Alex R. Piquero -- Driving while black bias processes and racial disparity in police stops / Patricia Warren ... [et al.] -- Citizens' demeanor, race, and traffic stops / Robin S. Engel, Charles F Klahm IV, and Rob Tillyer -- Street stops and broken windows revisited: the demography and logic of proactive policing in a safe and changing city / Jeffrey A. Fagan ... [et al.] -- Community characteristics and police search rates: accounting for the ethnic diversity of urban areas in the study of black, white, and Hispanic searches / Karen F. Parker, Erin C. Lane, and Geoffrey P. Alpert -- Blind justice: police shootings in Memphis / James J. Fyfe -- Race, bias, and police use of the TASER: exploring the available evidence / Michael D. White and Jessica Saunders -- Space, place, and immigration: new directions for research on police stops / Brian J. Stults, Karen F. Parker, and Erin C. Lane -- Revisiting the role of Latinos and immigrants in police research / Ramiro Martinez Jr. -- New avenues for profiling and bias research: the question of Muslim Americans / Stephen K. Rice and William S. Parkin -- Preventing racially biased policing through internal and external controls: the comprehensive accountability package / Michael D. White -- Democratic policing: how would we know it if we saw it? / Matthew J. Hickman -- Moving beyond profiling: the virtues of randomization / Bernard E. Harcourt

Several studies have examined the relationship between racial threat (measured by the size of black population) and social control imposed on blacks, but evidence of this hypothesis has been mixed. Although dependency on percent black as the main indicator of racial threat in many studies has contributed to the inconsistency in findings, we argue that this literature has also neglected to consider other important conceptual and methodological issues. Using 2000 census and arrest data, we estimate the impact of multiple measures of racial economic threat, such as the size of the black population, racial inequality and black immigration patterns on black arrest rates. Furthermore, by integrating racial competition and race‐relations arguments, we examine how the concentration of black disadvantage may temper the extent to which blacks pose a threat to white interests. Our findings reveal important and conceptually distinct relationships between racial threat, concentrated disadvantage and the use of social control against blacks, particularly when compared to white arrests.