Suchergebnisse

Produksi naskah selalu memiliki tujuan. Tujaun awal adalah dokumentasi nilai-nilai yang harus diketahui oleh masyarakat intern dan dunia di luar mereka. Nilai itu kemudian diajarkan, diterapkan dan kemudian diwariskan dari generasi ke generasi. Untuk memperkuat nilai, maka elemen sufistik, sebagaimana yang umum berlaku dalam naskah-naskah Nusantara selalu disematkan. Penamaan selalu mengikuti nilai terpenting dalam sebuah naskah. penamaan itu terkait erat dengan makna terdalam dari sebuah naskah. Sebagai gambaran, naskah Kabhanti Ajonga Yinda Malusa yang berarti Pakaian yang tidak luntur, jelas mempunyai kekuatan makna.

The social movement in period of 1906-1942 started with the intervention of the Dutch colonial government to the economic income resources of the people which then triggered social chaos and unrest marked by open conflict and opposition between the Dutch and the indigenous people of South East Celebes. The collection of personal tax, the reduction of economic resources of traditional authorities such as port tax and levy, tobacco tax, export import tax, and others created instability and unrest at the level of traditional authorities as well as low class people who had been always the objects of tax. The opposition of the local people indicated the existence of strong refusal to the economic condition which was going on among the indigenous people, even when it was done by the local authorities or sultanate of Buton. So, it can be understood that the social movement was caused not only by political factors, but also by economic factors intervened by the intervention of external power.

This study discusses the continuity of the Kebon Agung Sugar Factory from the crisis period in 1930 until it was nationalized in 1960. The economic crisis that hit Europe and the world had an impact on the collapse of most of the sugar industries in the Dutch East Indies. Kebun Agung Sugar Factory managed to survive in the midst of a global crisis that began towards the end of 1929. Throughout that period, various crises hit the world and Indonesia such as economic, social, and political crises. This research uses historical methods with the following stages; topic selection, heuristics, interpretation, data analysis, and historiography. The results showed that the Kebon Agung sugar factory was part of the history of the sugar industry in the colonial period which contributed to the increase in sugar production in the Dutch East Indies. This sugar factory was able to survive the crisis that accompanied its history because of its efficiency strategy, production reduction, and cooperation with other sugar factories in terms of utilizing pre-existing infrastructure such as no longer building railways and roads for the transportation of raw materials (sugarcane) to the factory. In the midst of the crisis and the threat of bankruptcy, the Kebon Agung Sugar Factory still survived and continued to carry out production activities until the sugar factory was nationalized in 1958. Thus, the Kebun Agung Sugar Factory also recorded its history by contributing to efforts improve the state economy.

This article analyzes the sources of foods in small islands from the maritime exchange network perspective. The location of the research was a group of small islands in Southeast Sulawesi. This research found that resources of food in the small islands came from the other region as part of the process of exchanges maritime networks, especially from the Wallacean line connection and other main islands of Indonesia. Process and its form become local culinary, were other a part of the creative process, and the expression of its citizens. Some supporting tools for processing resources of food also identified as an invention from the local society have been fully health standards. To support that argument, the authors identifying the origins of food resources, processing, and preserving strategies. Knowledge about the food resources on the small islands contributes to the understanding of the globalization connections in small Islands, a wider world at the local level.

This article explains the implications of political-economic shock on the development of two towns; Baubau and Kendari in the 1950s to 1960s. Indonesia in the 1950s general and especially Southeast Sulawesi were politically and economically unstable. This situation happened because the country is still on the stage of finding a balance and political and economic consolidation has not reached the point of equilibrium. As a result, political shock occurred in certain areas due to differences in views, including in South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi. One of the political disturbances that influenced the development of the towns was the DI / TII rebellion in the 1950s. One of the effects of political turmoil in two cities, Buton and Kendari, is the flow of rural populations into towns. Military operations to eliminate security disturbances in the towns of Baubau and Kendari support the improvement of infrastructure for access to the town and expand morphology of towns. The author examines, reads, and examines documents archives carefully in South and Southeast Sulawesi. The facts in the archives show that political and economic shocks have a good effect on one thing and not good on another side. The events of political turmoil in Southeast Sulawesi provide important lessons and knowledge about the other side of political and economic shocks.