Suchergebnisse

Sheep and goat production is different from other types of livestock production (cattle, pig, poultry production) because it is most commonly extensive, which means that it demands a relatively low level of investments into buildings, equipment and other fixed assets. This paper aims to analyse characteristics of investments into the sheep and goat production in the European Union and compare them to the similar investments in the Republic of Serbia. In order to analyse the state in the EU, data from the appropriate FADN data base were used, as well as the sector analyses conducted for the area of the EU. On the other hand, in order to analyse necessary investments into sheep and goat production in Serbia, available technical and technological data and appropriate literary sources were used. Analysis of construction costs for buildings used in sheep and goat production was done, as well as the calculation of investments into appropriate necessary equipment. It has been noticed that there is a need for enlargement of the sheep and goat farms in Serbia in order to provide a proper living standard for holders of such enterprises. ; Ovčarska i kozarska proizvodnja razlikuje se od ostalih važnih vrsta stočarske proizvodnje (govedarstva, svinjarstva, živinarstva) po tome što je ona najčešće ekstenzivna, odnosno zahteva relativno nizak nivo ulaganja u objekte, opremu i ostala osnovna sredstva. Cilj rada bio je da se sagledaju karakteristike investicionih ulaganja u ovčarsku i kozarsku proizvodnju u Evropskoj uniji i uporede sa sličnim ulaganjima u Republici Srbiji. Da bi se sagledalo stanje u EU, prvenstveno su se koristili podaci iz odgovarajuće baze podataka FADN-a (engl. Farm Accountancy Data Network), kao i sektorske analize koje su provedene za područje EU. Sa druge strane, za sagledavanje potrebnih investicija u ovčarstvo i kozarstvo u Srbiji upotrebili su se raspoloživi tehnički i tehnološki podaci, kao i odgovarajući literaturni izvori. Izvršena je i analiza troškova izgradnje objekata za ovčarsku i kozarsku proizvodnju, kao i proračun investicija u odgovarajuću neophodnu opremu. Uočena je potreba ukrupnjavanja ovčarskih i kozarskih farmi u Srbiji u cilju obezbeđenja odgovarajućeg životnog standarda za nosioce ovakvih gazdinstava.

Sheep and goat production is different from other types of livestock production (cattle, pig, poultry production) because it is most commonly extensive, which means that it demands a relatively low level of investments into buildings, equipment and other fixed assets. This paper aims to analyse characteristics of investments into the sheep and goat production in the European Union and compare them to the similar investments in the Republic of Serbia. In order to analyse the state in the EU, data from the appropriate FADN data base were used, as well as the sector analyses conducted for the area of the EU. On the other hand, in order to analyse necessary investments into sheep and goat production in Serbia, available technical and technological data and appropriate literary sources were used. Analysis of construction costs for buildings used in sheep and goat production was done, as well as the calculation of investments into appropriate necessary equipment. It has been noticed that there is a need for enlargement of the sheep and goat farms in Serbia in order to provide a proper living standard for holders of such enterprises. ; Ovčarska i kozarska proizvodnja razlikuje se od ostalih važnih vrsta stočarske proizvodnje (govedarstva, svinjarstva, živinarstva) po tome što je ona najčešće ekstenzivna, odnosno zahteva relativno nizak nivo ulaganja u objekte, opremu i ostala osnovna sredstva. Cilj rada bio je da se sagledaju karakteristike investicionih ulaganja u ovčarsku i kozarsku proizvodnju u Evropskoj uniji i uporede sa sličnim ulaganjima u Republici Srbiji. Da bi se sagledalo stanje u EU, prvenstveno su se koristili podaci iz odgovarajuće baze podataka FADN-a (engl. Farm Accountancy Data Network), kao i sektorske analize koje su provedene za područje EU. Sa druge strane, za sagledavanje potrebnih investicija u ovčarstvo i kozarstvo u Srbiji upotrebili su se raspoloživi tehnički i tehnološki podaci, kao i odgovarajući literaturni izvori. Izvršena je i analiza troškova izgradnje objekata za ovčarsku i kozarsku proizvodnju, kao i proračun investicija u odgovarajuću neophodnu opremu. Uočena je potreba ukrupnjavanja ovčarskih i kozarskih farmi u Srbiji u cilju obezbeđenja odgovarajućeg životnog standarda za nosioce ovakvih gazdinstava.

The structure of the milk supply market depends on processing capacities in Serbia, which are more oriented to the production of dairy products pasteurized and sterilized milk and fermented dairy products (yoghurt, cream, sour milk, etc.), while the production of solid dairy products (cheeses, cream, spreads, butter, powdered milk, etc.) is significantly lower. Taking into consideration the current situation in Serbia regarding the primary production, purchase and processing of milk, an overview is given of the foreign trade balance of milk and dairy products and their participation in exports and imports. The analysis of the foreign trade of milk and dairy products for the period 2007- 2017 highlights products that are exported and have stable export tendencies, as well as scarce products which are imported and have a markedly negative balance sheet in the observed period. We also analyzed major export-import destinations of Serbia for the trade exchange of milk and dairy products, which primarily refers to the CEFTA countries, the European Union and the Russian Federation.

The structure of the milk supply market depends on processing capacities in Serbia, which are more oriented to the production of dairy products pasteurized and sterilized milk and fermented dairy products (yoghurt, cream, sour milk, etc.), while the production of solid dairy products (cheeses, cream, spreads, butter, powdered milk, etc.) is significantly lower. Taking into consideration the current situation in Serbia regarding the primary production, purchase and processing of milk, an overview is given of the foreign trade balance of milk and dairy products and their participation in exports and imports. The analysis of the foreign trade of milk and dairy products for the period 2007- 2017 highlights products that are exported and have stable export tendencies, as well as scarce products which are imported and have a markedly negative balance sheet in the observed period. We also analyzed major export-import destinations of Serbia for the trade exchange of milk and dairy products, which primarily refers to the CEFTA countries, the European Union and the Russian Federation. ; Struktura tržišne ponude mleka zavisi od preradnih kapaciteta u Srbiji, koji su više orijentisani na proizvodnju mlečnih proizvoda pasterizovanog i sterilizovanog mleka i fermentisanih mlečnih proizvoda (jogurt, pavlaka, kiselo mleko itd.) dok je proizvodnja čvrstih mlečnih proizvoda (sirevi, pavlake, namazi, maslac, mleko u prahu itd.) značajno manja. Uzimajući u obzir aktuelno stanje u Srbiji u primarnoj proizvodnji, otkupu i preradi mleka, dat je kratak osvrt na spoljnotrgovinski bilans mleka i mlečnih proizvoda i njihovo učešće u izvozu i uvozu. Analizom spoljnotrgovinske razmene mleka i proizvoda za posmatrani period 2007-2017. godine ukazano je na proizvode koji se izvoze i imaju stabilne izvozne tendencije, kao i na deficitarne proizvode koji se uvoze i imaju izražene negativne bilanse u posmatranom periodu. Analizirane su i najvažnije izvozno- uvozne destinacije sa kojima Srbija ostvaruje trgovinsku razmenu za mleko i mlečne proizvode, pri čemu se to prvenstveno odnosi na zemlje CEFTA grupe, Evropske unije i Rusku Federaciju.

The structure of the milk supply market depends on processing capacities in Serbia, which are more oriented to the production of dairy products pasteurized and sterilized milk and fermented dairy products (yoghurt, cream, sour milk, etc.), while the production of solid dairy products (cheeses, cream, spreads, butter, powdered milk, etc.) is significantly lower. Taking into consideration the current situation in Serbia regarding the primary production, purchase and processing of milk, an overview is given of the foreign trade balance of milk and dairy products and their participation in exports and imports. The analysis of the foreign trade of milk and dairy products for the period 2007- 2017 highlights products that are exported and have stable export tendencies, as well as scarce products which are imported and have a markedly negative balance sheet in the observed period. We also analyzed major export-import destinations of Serbia for the trade exchange of milk and dairy products, which primarily refers to the CEFTA countries, the European Union and the Russian Federation. ; Published

In order to approach EU policies in the milk production sector in Serbia, big changes can be expected, according to the experiences of the neighboring countries that have gone through this development process in an easier or harder way. In the foreign trade of milk and dairy products, Serbia has realized positive balance and is one of the leading countries in this production in the region. In order to strengthen the market position of Serbia and observe realistic export potentials, this article analyzes foreign trade balance for dairy products by commodity groups and provides an analysis of the countries that are primarily involved in the exchange of goods. In the period 2008-2013, the Republic of Serbia exported dairy products amounting to 35.2 million dollars, and imported 22.1 million dollars. In terms of value, Serbia exports almost two times more products that are of lower processing level compared to the final products that achieve significantly higher market prices. ; U cilju približavanja politike EU u sektoru proizvodnje mleka u Srbiji mogu se očekivati velike promene o tome govore iskustva zemalja u okruženju koje su lakše ili teže prošle kroz ove razvojne procese. U spoljnotrgovinskoj razmeni mleka i mlečnih proizvoda Srbija ostvaruje pozitivan bilans i predstavlja jednu od vodećih zemalja u ovoj proizvodnji u regionu. Radi jačanja tržišnih pozicija Srbije i sagledavanja realnih izvoznih potencijala u radu je data spoljnotrgovinska analiza mleka i proizvoda po robnim grupama i data je analiza po zemljama koje su primarno uključene u robnu razmenu. U posmatranom periodu 2008-2013 godina Republika Srbija je izvezla mleka i mlečnih proizvoda u vrednosti od 35,2 mil. dolara, a uvezla 22,1 mil. dolara. Sa vrednosnog aspekta Srbija skoro dva puta više izveze proizvode koji su nižeg stepena prerade, u odnosu na finalne proizvode koji postižu znatno veću tržišnu cenu.

In order to approach EU policies in the milk production sector in Serbia, big changes can be expected, according to the experiences of the neighboring countries that have gone through this development process in an easier or harder way. In the foreign trade of milk and dairy products, Serbia has realized positive balance and is one of the leading countries in this production in the region. In order to strengthen the market position of Serbia and observe realistic export potentials, this article analyzes foreign trade balance for dairy products by commodity groups and provides an analysis of the countries that are primarily involved in the exchange of goods. In the period 2008-2013, the Republic of Serbia exported dairy products amounting to 35.2 million dollars, and imported 22.1 million dollars. In terms of value, Serbia exports almost two times more products that are of lower processing level compared to the final products that achieve significantly higher market prices. ; U cilju približavanja politike EU u sektoru proizvodnje mleka u Srbiji mogu se očekivati velike promene o tome govore iskustva zemalja u okruženju koje su lakše ili teže prošle kroz ove razvojne procese. U spoljnotrgovinskoj razmeni mleka i mlečnih proizvoda Srbija ostvaruje pozitivan bilans i predstavlja jednu od vodećih zemalja u ovoj proizvodnji u regionu. Radi jačanja tržišnih pozicija Srbije i sagledavanja realnih izvoznih potencijala u radu je data spoljnotrgovinska analiza mleka i proizvoda po robnim grupama i data je analiza po zemljama koje su primarno uključene u robnu razmenu. U posmatranom periodu 2008-2013 godina Republika Srbija je izvezla mleka i mlečnih proizvoda u vrednosti od 35,2 mil. dolara, a uvezla 22,1 mil. dolara. Sa vrednosnog aspekta Srbija skoro dva puta više izveze proizvode koji su nižeg stepena prerade, u odnosu na finalne proizvode koji postižu znatno veću tržišnu cenu.

New Regulations on energy efficiency in buildings in the Republic of Serbia legislate values for the temperature correction factor used to calculate the heat flux to the outdoor environment through construction elements of a certain type. The temperature correction factor is used to correct errors caused by calculation of heat losses based on the design outdoor and indoor temperature difference of building elements adjacent to unheated spaces which are in direct contact with the ground or external environment. Since the temperature correction factor directly influences the calculation of total heat losses and total annual energy demand, it is recommended that the temperature correction factor be determined on the basis of measured values of outdoor and indoor air temperature, or, on the basis of the values obtained by the simulation. This paper presents the results of measurements in the High School of Design, Textile and Management in Belgrade in order to assess energy efficiency and the energy performance of buildings. Data obtained on the basis of measurements, such as indoor and outdoor temperatures, are used for the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient for the building envelope elements as well as to calculate a temperature correction factor for the unheated attic space of the building. This paper also offers a dynamic simulation of the multi-zones building in the TRNSYS environment. The aim was to compare temperature correction factor values obtained from measured temperature values, with those calculated from standard, taken from the Regulation table and produced by simulation. © 2018 Serbian Society of Heat Transfer Engineers.

Serbian intention for membership in EU requires adoption of overall agricultural system according to the conditions of EU, making the own agricultural policy compatible to the common agricultural policy of EU. Creating of prosperous position for equal competition on international market is one of the main topics. Many of the recent analyses show that the most important issue for solving of this problem is decrement of agricultural mechanization application expenses. Starting from this, in this paper are analyzed production potentials of the Serbian agriculture, considering prosperous conditions for organized using of agricultural machinery in purpose of decreasing expenses as well as total expenses of the agricultural production, e.g. products otal expenses. ; Opredeljenje Srbije da postane član EU, nalaže prilagođavanje ukupnog agrarnog sistema uslovima EU, čineći svoju agrarnu politiku kompatibilnom sa zajedničkom agrarnom politikom EU. Stvaranje povoljne pozicije za ravnopravan ulazak u konkurentsku borbu na međunarodnom tržištu jedan je od glavnih zadataka. Mnoge dosadašnje analize i radovi ukazuju da je u rešavanju ovog zadataka najznačajnije snižavanje troškova primene sredstava mehanizacije. Polazeći od toga, u radu se analiziraju proizvodni potencijali poljoprivrede Srbije, radi sagledavanja pogodnosti uslova za organizovano korišćenje sredstava poljoprivredne tehnike u cilju smanjenja troškova njihove primene, a time i troškova ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje, odnosno cene koštanja poljoprivrednih proizvoda.

Serbian intention for membership in EU requires adoption of overall agricultural system according to the conditions of EU, making the own agricultural policy compatible to the common agricultural policy of EU. Creating of prosperous position for equal competition on international market is one of the main topics. Many of the recent analyses show that the most important issue for solving of this problem is decrement of agricultural mechanization application expenses. Starting from this, in this paper are analyzed production potentials of the Serbian agriculture, considering prosperous conditions for organized using of agricultural machinery in purpose of decreasing expenses as well as total expenses of the agricultural production, e.g. products otal expenses. ; Opredeljenje Srbije da postane član EU, nalaže prilagođavanje ukupnog agrarnog sistema uslovima EU, čineći svoju agrarnu politiku kompatibilnom sa zajedničkom agrarnom politikom EU. Stvaranje povoljne pozicije za ravnopravan ulazak u konkurentsku borbu na međunarodnom tržištu jedan je od glavnih zadataka. Mnoge dosadašnje analize i radovi ukazuju da je u rešavanju ovog zadataka najznačajnije snižavanje troškova primene sredstava mehanizacije. Polazeći od toga, u radu se analiziraju proizvodni potencijali poljoprivrede Srbije, radi sagledavanja pogodnosti uslova za organizovano korišćenje sredstava poljoprivredne tehnike u cilju smanjenja troškova njihove primene, a time i troškova ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje, odnosno cene koštanja poljoprivrednih proizvoda.

The paper analyzes the possibility and the needs for the use of specific types of robots (mini unmanned aircraft with different designs and the designation of UAVs) and the possibility of using in agriculture (agrodrone). The year 2015 was proclaimed (Fortune Magazine, 2016) as the year of increasing and widespread use of UAVs in various areas of human activity, especially in agriculture and forestry (75% of use). This is important for large farm areas, where UAV has many useful functions and a very cost-effective commercial application. Today, the needs for UAVs have increased sharply with various opportunities for both civilian and military needs. There is also a significant interest in the development of new drones that can autonomously fly in different environments and locations and can perform various missions and tasks. Over the past decade, a wide range of applications for drones has gained the significance that led to the discovery of various types of unmanned UAVs of different sizes and weights. In this review, the classification of UAVs ranging based on a detailed overview of the development of the drone industry in recent years, this paper demonstrates the evolution of drones and differents application technologies. Of course, this development is very advanced and revolutionary, as well as the development of mobile and smart phones and the Internet, which will open the way for many users to participate in defining the future of UAV implementation. LIVONA Company, Belgrade, Serbia (and Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, in tehnical cooperation) has a study and plans on the implementation of the model micro drone EBee SQ Livona RTK in the future general plans for inspection of protection Soils of territory Minicipality of Stara Pazova (351 km2), and agricultural company Napredak, and exspecially plans for soils of agriculture of R. Serbia. VEKOM GeoCompany from Belgrade, (in cooperation with Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in ...

The paper analyzes the possibility and the needs for the use of specific types of robots (mini unmanned aircraft with different designs and the designation of UAVs) and the possibility of using in agriculture (agrodrone). The year 2015 was proclaimed (Fortune Magazine, 2016) as the year of increasing and widespread use of UAVs in various areas of human activity, especially in agriculture and forestry (75% of use). This is important for large farm areas, where UAV has many useful functions and a very cost-effective commercial application. Today, the needs for UAVs have increased sharply with various opportunities for both civilian and military needs. There is also a significant interest in the development of new drones that can autonomously fly in different environments and locations and can perform various missions and tasks. Over the past decade, a wide range of applications for drones has gained the significance that led to the discovery of various types of unmanned UAVs of different sizes and weights. In this review, the classification of UAVs ranging based on a detailed overview of the development of the drone industry in recent years, this paper demonstrates the evolution of drones and differents application technologies. Of course, this development is very advanced and revolutionary, as well as the development of mobile and smart phones and the Internet, which will open the way for many users to participate in defining the future of UAV implementation. LIVONA Company, Belgrade, Serbia (and Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, in tehnical cooperation) has a study and plans on the implementation of the model micro drone EBee SQ Livona RTK in the future general plans for inspection of protection Soils of territory Minicipality of Stara Pazova (351 km2), and agricultural company Napredak, and exspecially plans for soils of agriculture of R. Serbia. VEKOM GeoCompany from Belgrade, (in cooperation with Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade), has a study and plans on the implementation of the model of the drone Aibot KX6 model, in the future of application of agricultural soils of region Open pit Kolubara for area from app. 600 km2 and the other soils of Region). Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, in cooperation with Municipality of Ub, has a study and plans on the implementation of the model micro drone Hubsan H109S X4 PRO in the future plans general inspection of protection Soils and Waters of territory of Municipality Ub (456 km2). ; U radu su analizirane mogućnosti i potrebe upotrebe specifičnih vrsta robota (mini bespilotnih letelica sa različitim dizajnom, o značane kao UAV) i način korištenja u poljoprivredi (agrodron). Časopis Fortune je 2015.godinu proglasio kao godinu sve većeg i široko rasprostranjene upotrbe UAV letelica, u različitim oblastima ljudske delatnosti, posebno u poljoprivredi i šumarstvu (75% upotrebe). Ovo je naročito važno za velike farme i oblasti pod šumama, gde UAV ima mnogo korisnih funkcija i veoma isplative komercijalne aplikacije. Danas, potrebe za UAV imaju nagli porast sa različitim mogućnostima kako za civilne tako i za vojne potrebe. Takođe postoji značajan interes za razvoj novih bespilotnih letelica koji mogu autonomno leteti u različitim okruženjima i lokacijama i obaviti različite misije i zadatke. Tokom protekle decenije XXI veka, širok spektar aplikacija za bespilotne letelice je dobio značaj koji je doveo do konstrukcija različitih tipova bespilotnih UAV, različitih veličina i težina i svakako namene. Naravno , tehnološki razvoj kod dron sistema je veoma tehničko -tehnološki napredan i revolucionaran, uz razvoj mobilnih i pametnih (android) telefona i interneta, brzo otvora puteve i mogućnosti za mnoge korisnike u definisanju nove budućnosti implementacije UAV različitim oblastima primene. Kompanija Livona d.o.o., Beograd i Institut za poljoprivrednu tehniku, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Beogradu, u tehničkoj saradnji imaju planove o implementaciji modela mikro drona EBee SK Livona RTK u narednim generalnim planovima za inspekciju, zaštitu i korišćenje poljoprivrednih zemljišta Republike Srbije, i posebno teritorije Opštine Stara Pazova (351 km2), gde je posebno mesto poljoprivrednog preduzeća Napredak a.d. VekomGeo d.o.o, Beograd u saradnji sa Institutom za poljoprivrednu tehniku Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u Beogradu ima planove o budućoj upotrebi drona model Aibot X6, za nadzor na površinama od 600 km2 (i poljoprivredna zemljišta) otvorenog kopa R.B. Kolubara ili drugih objekata. Institut za poljoprivrednu tehniku, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Beogradu, ima planove o saradnji sa opštino m Ub, zbog upotrebe modela mikro drona Hubsan H109S Ks4 PRO u inspekciji oko zaštite i načina korišćenja zemljišta i vo da na ovoj teritoriji (456 km2).