Suchergebnisse

This article aims to open the debate on the recurrent property tax in the Czech Republic, to define most important problems of the existing legal regulation and to set the list of possible solutions de lege ferenda. The hypothesis that the immovable property tax is a good tax and a traditional part of the Czech tax system, was confirmed. The most problematic issue is the low tax revenue. However, ad valorem system does not seem to be the solution and the unit system (area) tax base should be retained. There should be one maximum tax rate in the legislation for every type of property, and municipalities should have the right to introduce their own specific tax rates below that level. At the same time, there should be another rate (standard rate) in the legislation for those municipalities that do not set their own specific tax rates. ; Článek si klade za cíl otevřít debatu nad pravidelnou majetkovou daní v ČR, definovat zásadní problémy stávající právní regulace a shrnout možnosti regulace de lege ferenda. Hypotéza, že daň z nemovitých věcí je dobrou daní a tradiční součástí českého daňového systému, byla potvrzena. Nejkritičtější je nízký výnos daně. Avšak zdanění ad valorem není řešením a jednotkový systém by měl být zachován. Zákonem by měla být stanovena maximální sazba daně pro každý typ nemovitosti a obce by měly mít možnost stanovit vlastní specifické sazby daně pod tímto maximem. Zároveň by měla existovat základní sazba daně přímo v zákoně pro ty obce, které si nestanoví sazby vlastní. ; This article aims to open the debate on the recurrent property tax in the Czech Republic, to define most important problems of the existing legal regulation and to set the list of possible solutions de lege ferenda. The hypothesis that the immovable property tax is a good tax and a traditional part of the Czech tax system, was confirmed. The most problematic issue is the low tax revenue. However, ad valorem system does not seem to be the solution and the unit system (area) tax base should be retained. There should be one maximum tax rate in the legislation for every type of property, and municipalities should have the right to introduce their own specific tax rates below that level. At the same time, there should be another rate (standard rate) in the legislation for those municipalities that do not set their own specific tax rates.

With the aim of supporting the hypothesis that financial law regulation is significantly influenced by both the environment (economy) in which it exists and its development, the authors consider a countercyclical capital buffer as a particular example of macroprudential instrument. Pozn. autorů: Jedná se článek, který vyšel již v roce 2016 v časopisu Sovreměnnoje pravo, Moskva, Novyj inděks, 2016, 1991-6027 (viz zde: https://is.muni.cz/auth/publication/1355539/cs?deuco=12547?). Tentokrát editor sborníku upravil název článku. Z důvodu opakované publikace neuplatňujeme RIV. ; Ve snaze potvrzení či vyvrácení hypotézy, že finančněprávní regulace je ovlivněna jak prostředím, ve kterém existuje (ekonomickou), tak jeho vývojem, autoři zkoumali proticyklickou kapitálovou rezervu jako nástroj makroobezřetnostní politiky. ; With the aim of supporting the hypothesis that financial law regulation is significantly influenced by both the environment (economy) in which it exists and its development, the authors consider a countercyclical capital buffer as a particular example of macroprudential instrument.

In the Czech Republic there is an on-going debate and for the last year also legislative work on a Revenue Registry Act. This article introduces the system of revenue registry which should be applied in the Czech Republic, critically analyses fundamental provisions of the draft bill and summarizes advantages and disadvantages of the regulation and its strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Article deals with a hypothesis that implementation of revenue registry will fulfil the goals of the proposed regulation i.e. new source of data for tax administration, restriction of grey economy, more efficient tax collection, especially of income tax and VAT and also elimination of market inequalities in the Czech economy. ; V České republice dlouhodobě probíhají diskuse a v posledním roce také legislativní práce na zákoně o elektronické evidenci tržeb. Tento článek představuje systém evidence příjmů, který by měl být aplikován v České republice, kriticky analyzuje základní ustanovení z návrhu zákona a shrnuje výhody a nevýhody takové regulace a její silné a slabé stránky, příležitosti a hrozby. Článek se zabývá hypotézou, že zavedení evidence tržeb splní cíle navrhované úpravy, tj. bude znamenat nový zdroj informací pro daňovou správu, omezení šedé ekonomiky, účinnější výběr daní, zejména daně z příjmů a DPH, a také odstraňování tržních nerovností v české ekonomice. ; In the Czech Republic there is an on-going debate and for the last year also legislative work on a Revenue Registry Act. This article introduces the system of revenue registry which should be applied in the Czech Republic, critically analyses fundamental provisions of the draft bill and summarizes advantages and disadvantages of the regulation and its strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Article deals with a hypothesis that implementation of revenue registry will fulfil the goals of the proposed regulation i.e. new source of data for tax administration, restriction of grey economy, more efficient tax collection, especially of income tax and VAT and also elimination of market inequalities in the Czech economy.

The Czech Republic is one of many states where the new legal regulation of tourist taxes was introduced to limit the shortcomings of the original regulation. The aim of this paper is to define the opportunities and threats of the new regulation in the Czech Republic in the area of tourist taxes. To achieve the purpose of this article, the tourist tax is defined and Czech legal regulation valid until the end of 2019 and since 2020 in the given area is analysed. The hypothesis that the new regulation is perfect and ideal for the tax administration and for the municipalities was confirmed only partially. While most of the critical issues were solved and the new tourist charge is a good step for both municipalities and the tax administration, the charge rate of 21 CZK in 2020, resp. 50 CZK in the following years is not adequate. With the new regulation, municipalities got new opportunities, primarily to increase their revenues. The single tourist charge makes the system easier for all stakeholders: for municipalities, for tourists, and for quartermasters. Issues arise especially concerning the simplified evidence and the non-chargeable long-term stays. Municipalities should be particularly careful when defining the exemptions and differentiating the charge rate for specific dates in the year, or specific parts of the municipality. The unequal treatment might be seen as discrimination or even unfair public incentive.