Suchergebnisse

East Central European rural areas face diverse challenges of social transformation: rural exodus, ageing, poverty and segregation take effect on countryside as parallel phenomena. Problems are connected with the transformation of agriculture, with the lack of services and the negative trends of migration. In spite of several supportive governmental and EU-projects, lower level of rural life standard and deepening social gaps are existing and deepening problems in post- socialist countries.
"Emerging Settlements" Programme is a new, long-term social programme of Hungarian government targeting the support of families and help children "from conception to labour market". This unique project is implemented by church-based organizations in the most underdeveloped 300 Hungarian settlements. This paper aims to describe the main elements of proceeding programme on the base of project documentation and interviews with co-working social experts. Based on local experiments we highlight some critical viewpoints for developing supporting interventions, displaying the meaning of social participation of church organizations.

Rural poverty appears in several European regions, particularly in post-socialist countries effected by a rapid transformation of socioeconomic system. In the past decade, rural regions may have reacted to challenges of contradictory processes. Migration trends are heterogeneous; unemployment, underemployment and lack of labour power are existing problems at the same time, in the same locality. In addition, the nature of poverty has changed recently. Traditional forms of pauperization are combined with helplessness and inability for future planning and saving up. Goods and status symbols of the consumer society have high importance in families with low incomes and high debt.
The aim of this paper is to describe some crucial processes triggering the transformation of family life in rural Hungary by means of a qualitative research conducted in the South Transdanubian region of Hungary. We explored the actual problems and challenges from the viewpoints of local experts (social workers and mayors) and mothers from families connected to local social systems. We also aim to examine family attitudes to labour market, services and consumption, the most important factors effecting socioeconomic conditions of deprived social groups.

The Christian view of society is based on families founded on sacramental marriages. Although Catholic Social Teaching documents regard family as the vital cell of society, this institution – regarded as a value by the Catholic Church – appears a less and less frequently adopted general norm or a realistic way of life. Due to processes of individualisation, social, economic and legal system changes contemporary Hungarian society faces a constant decline in not only religious but civil marriage rates as well, while alternative ways of living together emerge. Based on data from the first half of the 2010s an average Hungarian woman has 44-percent chance of getting married in her lifetime. While nearly two-third of Hungarian adults lived in marriages at the time of the Hungarian Transition in the 1990s, this rate dropped to less than 50 percent in both sexes. The number of unmarried men and women increased. The strengthening of cohabitation regarded as the most significant contextual factor is affecting changes. This study describes the relationship characteristics in the Hungarian society in the light of current statistics data. It highlights the social factors of demographic changes and processes as well as opportunities for the Catholic Church focusing on challenges in pastoral care. Conclusions concerning the Hungarian society are presented in a European context. ; Kršćanska se slika društva temelji na obiteljima koje se uspostavljaju crkvenim sakramentom ženidbe. Iako se u dokumentima socijalnoga nauka Katoličke crkve pod pojmom obitelji razumije životno važna zajednica društva, brak koji Katolička crkva promiče kao visokovrijednu ustanovu, sve je manje prisutan kao općeprihvatljiva društvena norma, odnosno kao stvarno doživljen način življenja. Zbog procesa individualizacije i promjena društvenoga, ekonomskoga i pravnoga sustava, suvremeno se mađarsko društvo suočava s neprestanim smanjenjem broja sklapanja ne samo vjerskih, već i građanskih brakova, dok se sve više pojavljuju drugi oblici zajedničkoga življenja. Prema podacima iz prve polovice 2010. godine vjerojatnost da će mađarska žena sklopiti brak tijekom svoga života iznosi 44 posto. Dok su za vrijeme demokratskih promjena 1990-ih godina dvije trećine odrasloga stanovništva živjele u braku, prema popisu stanovništva iz 2011. godine ih je bilo manje od polovice, ali se znatno povećao broj neoženjenih i neudanih osoba. Najvažnijim razlogom tih promjena smatra se učvršćivanje izvanbračnih veza. Oslanjajući se na aktualne statističke podatke, u ovom se radu opisuju glavne osobitosti partnerskih veza u mađarskome društvu. Ukazuje se na glavne društvene razloge koji se kriju iza demografskih promjena i procesa. Nadalje, u glavnim se crtama govori o mogućnostima Katoličke crkve i njezinim pastoralnim izazovima u ovom pogledu. Spoznaje o mađarskom društvu glede braka i izvanbračnih veza predstavljene su u europskom kontekstu.

The social problems of marginalised rural areas have intensified and transformed in recent years, particularly in the context of pandemic and economic crisis. In the countries of the Central and Eastern European region integration of marginalized areas is a major challenge. Unlike in the West, segregation and ghettoisation are problems of small rural settlements far from prosperous centres. In Hungarian countryside, the life of small villages, which are located far from economic centres and lack institutions, continues to be characterised by negative migration trends. In this article, we present the situation of seven small villages in southern Baranya, which are covered by the programme to help the 300 most disadvantageous Hungarian settlements to integration, in the light of the perception of problems of the population living there. Our survey aimed to explore the difficulties related to the pandemic and everyday life at local level. The assessment of subjective perceptions provided an opportunity to structure the disadvantaged rural population from a specific perspective and to analyse the problems of the characteristics of each group.