Suchergebnisse

The contribution of Rabindranath Tagore as a social action researcher to the origins of participatory action research are explored. The article explores his pioneering experiments to promote collective grassroots initiatives in rural West Bengal in the mid-20th century and outlines his philosophy of the Human Being, and of national independence and development that anticipated later-day thinking on self-reliant, participatory development.

The last century, intense with dreams and major social experiments, has ended with a general collapse of initiatives for social transformation, and also total disillusionment with efforts for 'development' of so-called 'developing' nations. The victorious ideology of the day – capitalism – has sought to consolidate its triumph with a call for 'globalization', for the freeing of markets, for unchecked hunting by private capital within and across nations with total disregard for national and global welfare. For a period no answer to this was in sight, until at the turn of the century the global protest movement rekindled the torch of resistance. It is now appropriate to review where we are today and the task that lies ahead of us. With this end in view this article will look back at the experiments in and efforts for social change to draw enlightenment from them, review where we are today, trace elements of the new ideology that is emerging in the protest movement, and reflect upon the task ahead for grassroots social activism.

Aus indischer Sicht

Part I: Social and Economic Development -- Analysing the Status of Human Development in South Asia -- Repositioning South Asian States: Reinforcing Human Development -- Debt, Deficit and Economic Growth in South Asia: A Comparative Analysis -- Promoting South Asian Migration to the Gulf: Reducing Poverty and Inequality as the Strategy -- Skills for Employability and Development in South Asia: A Comparative Analysis -- Part-II: Governance and Human Rights -- Governance and Capability: Contemporary Issues for Citizens and governments -- Shrinking Space of Minorities in South Asia: A Comparative Study of India and Pakistan -- Corporate Governance in South Asian Countries: An Overview -- Good Governance and Human Rights: A South Asian Perspective -- Nuclear Weapons and Regional Cooperation in South Asia -- Part III: Media and Literature -- Role of Media in Conflict Management: A Case Study of 2016 Kashmir Unrest -- The Development Narratives in South Asia: A Case Study of Print Media -- Urdu Historiography, a Field of Urdu Literature in South Asia -- Contribution of Arabian Nepali Literature to 'New Nepal' Building -- Representation of Literature through Media: A Comparative Study of Sidhwa's Ice Candy Man and Mehta's Earth -- Part IV: Gender and Development -- Gendered Demonology: Women as Witches -- Masculinizing' the Women: Strategic De/Reconstruction of Gender in the Fiction of South Asian Women Writers -- The "Third space" of Feminist Sensibility in South Asia Diaspora Literature -- Sharing the Destiny: Women' Political Representation in India in the South Asian Perspective.

This volume presents concepts, policies and cost models for various long-term warranty and maintenance contracts. It offers several numerical examples for estimating costs to both the manufacturer and consumer. Long-term warranties and maintenance contracts are becoming increasingly popular, as these types of aftersales services provide assurance to consumers that they can enjoy long, reliable service, and protect them from defects and the potentially high costs of repairs. Studying long-term warranty and service contracts is important to manufacturers and consumers alike, as offering long-term warranty and maintenance contracts produce additional costs for manufacturers / service providers over the product's service life. These costs must be factored into the price, or the manufacturer / dealer will incur losses instead of making a profit. On the other hand, the buyer / consumer needs to weigh the cost of maintaining it over its service life and to decide whether or not these policies are worth purchasing. There are a number of complexities involved in developing failure and cost models for these policies due to uncertainties concerning the service life, usage pattern, maintenance work and long-term costs of rectifications. Mathematical models for predicting failures and expected costs for various one-dimensional long-term warranty policies are developed at the system level and analyzed by taking into account the uncertainties in connection with longer coverage periods and the rectification costs over the warranty period. Failures and costs are modeled using stochastic techniques and illustrated by means of numerical examples for estimating costs to the manufacturer and consumer. Various rectification policies are proposed and analyzed. The models developed here can be used to aid in managerial decisions on purchasing products with long-term warranty policies and maintenance contracts or outsourcing maintenance.

AbstractManagers tend to issue equity when a firm is overvalued. Short selling is more frequent among overvalued firms. By conditioning short selling on overvaluation, we show that short selling increases leverage, lenghtens debt maturity, and speeds up adjustment to target leverage. The leverage increase is more pronounced in firms with independent boards and an increased likelihood of misvaluation, is driven by overvaluation relative to long‐run value, and occurs through lower equity issuance and higher long‐term debt issuance. Analyses using the exogenous shock to the short‐selling environment from the US Securities and Exchange's Reg SHO pilot program suggest these results are causal.