In the run-up to the Lok Sabha election of 2014, media coverage wasby and large considered to have been favourable to the BharatiyaJanata Party and critical of the incumbent government. This studyanalysed the framing of news and opinions on economic policy inbusiness newspapers during the six-month period preceding the election.It found that the coverage in four leading business dailies wasmarginally more positive of the government than it was critical. Usingconcepts from social construction of reality, it reveals that even whenthe presentation was positive of the government, the underlying reasonsfor such coverage were different in different newspapers.
6 páginas, 5 ilustraciones, 6 referencias. ; Se realizó un estudio sobre el impacto de los usos actuales en la calidad del agua en la subcuenca del río Jucuapa, Matagalpa, Nicaragua. Se seleccionaron puntos de contaminación en las haciendas cafetaleras, en afluentes de la parte alta de la subcuenca. Se hicieron muestreos mensuales durante los meses de febrero, marzo y abril del 2002, antes y después de la descarga de contaminantes. Se evaluaron variables físico-químicas como temperatura, pH, conductividad eléctrica, sólidos sedimentables, demanda biológica de oxígeno, demanda bioquímica de oxígeno y nitrógeno amoniacal, y bacteriológicas como coliformes fecales en fuentes de abastecimiento de agua potable. Los resultados de los indicadores físico-químicos demuestran una reducción de la calidad del agua en febrero en la Hacienda Los Angeles, lo cual manifiesta la presencia de contaminantes orgánicos (pH 5,41, DBO 84,88 mg/L y DQO 213,82 mg/L). Los otros puntos evaluados no parecen haber sido afectados por contaminantes. También se evaluó la percepción de la población local, instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales sobre la calidad del agua. Si bien los pobladores tienen un conocimiento general sobre el estado actual del río Jucuapa, hay poca conciencia ambiental y poco conocimiento sobre el impacto y consecuencias de las actividades que se realizan en la subcuenca. ; A study was carried out to determine the impacts of current uses over water quality in the sub-watershed of Jucuapa River, Matagalpa, Nicaragua. Several pollution sources were located upstream in coffee haciendas with human settlements. A monthly monitoring was undertaken during February, March, and April 2002, before and after the discharge of pollutants. The following physical-chemical variables were measured: Temperature, pH, electric conductivity, sedimentable solids, biological demand of oxygen, biochemical demand of oxygen, and ammoniac nitrogen. In addition, the presence of faecal coliforms on drinkable water sources was determined. In February, the physical-chemical indicators showed a reduction of water quality in Hacienda Los Angeles with a decrease of pH to 5,41, and increases of DBO 84,88 mg/L, and DQO 213,82 mg/L. These results confirm the presence of organic pollution produced by the coffee activities. The other points evaluated did not show water quality decreasing. Perceptions of local population, governmental and non-governmental organizations about water quality were also analyzed. People have a general knowledge about the current situation; however, environmental awareness and knowledge about the impact and consequences of current activities in the sub-watershed are deficient. Slight inter-institutional coordination impedes a correct management of water resources in the zone.
Any country's environmental problems are related to the level of its economic development, the availability of natural resources and the lifestyle of its population. In India, rapid growth of population, poverty, urbanization, industrialization and several related factors are responsible for the rapid degradation of the environment. Environmental problems have become serious in many parts of the country, and hence cannot be ignored. The main environmental problems in India relate to air and water pollution particularly in metropolitan cities and industrial zones, degradation of common property resources which affect the poor adversely as they depends on them for their livelihood, threat to biodiversity and inadequate system of solid waste disposal and sanitation with consequent adverse impact on health, infant mortality and birth rate. In India, efforts are being made on for the environmental management in a sustainable manner.. At all levels of education provisions have been made for the knowledge of environment and its conservation. In the country many centres are providing special training for environmental management. The programmes of environmental awareness have been launched through media. India is an active member of International Organizations concerning environment. Several programmes are going on under UNEP. The Government has recently started emphasizing the combined use of regulatory and economic instruments for improving environmental quality. There is a need for coordination between government agencies, NGOs and the public for the proper management of environment quality and to achieve sustainable development in the country.
Carbide free nano-structured bainitic steels typically have strength more than 2.0 GPa and impact toughness of 7 J or less. Most of this class of steels have sluggish kinetics and takes 16-72 h for complete bainitic transformation. The present work discusses key perspectives in developing carbide free nano-structured bainitic steel having strength more than 2.0 GPa and toughness more than 15 J. Further, ballistic evaluation of newly developed carbide free nano-structured bainitic steels having strength more than 2.0 GPa and high toughness of 20 J was carried out to understand the adaptability of these steels in combat vehicle applications. A comparison is made between newly developed high strength and tough carbide free nano-structured bainitic steels with typical martensite based ARMOX 500 class of armour steels. The developed nano-structured bainite showed ballistic performance much superior to ARMOX 500 steel. Monolithic plates of bainite provide complete protection against 7.62 AP projectiles at an areal density of 120 kgm-2. The ballistic efficiency of monolithic plates was further enhanced by using perforated geometrical configurations.
