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The article deals with the nutrition of the rural population of Mountainous Dagestan as the most important mechanism of ethno-ecological adaptation, which fulfilled the function of providing and regulating the energy exchange between the human body and the environment. The author of the article considers the dependence of nutrition of Dagestan mountaineers on the products determined by the main economic activities of the population - farming, cattle breeding, gathering, and characterizes traditional food, national cuisine, and national feast traditions resulting from the fusion of biology, history, and culture. In the article, much attention is paid to dough goods, as the role of baked products with a variety of fillings is enormous, and methods of baking pastries depending on the bakery device. Estimating the dietary structure in general, the author notes that it did not provide full intake of all necessary vitamins and mineralsand caused the use of various methods of preserving food products. The article covers the influence of the ecosystem on the food resource and the level of metabolic rate of Dagestan mountaineers. The author also presents special features of the nutrition of the population of Mountainous Dagestan and analyzes them from the point of the traditional use of regional resources and maintaining a balance with the environment.

Mod and Bakhargan were the most revered mountains for the Andis. According to the authors, the Andis used mountains and caves, as parts of the sacred landscape, on calendar holidays and in the rites of meteorological and healing magic. Thus, rites of the sun and rain making were held here. On the mountain of Bakhargan, there was a spring with healing water. The mountain of Bakhargan was used in the ceremonies of folk medicine: praying for healing, sick people described three circles round the rocks of the sacred mountain in the counterclockwise direction. In the mythology of the Andis, the tops of the mountains were the habitat of the supreme god and mountain angels. The Andis associated mountains with legends, containing the motifs of the biblical legend of the Flood. After converting to Islam, the most revered mountains were turned into places of worship, where the rite of dhikr was conducted and alms were dealt out during the prayers. Many of the rites for changing weather were led by local religious authorities or elders. Besides the use of mountains and caves in the rites of the sun and rain making, the Andis also had other rites of meteorological magic. The most common of them was the rite with a mummer. There were also rites with the use of the skull of a stallion and a snake, probably related to zoolatry. Analysis of orolatry, meteorological and healing magic of the Andis testifies to the syncretism of their spiritual culture. This confusion of traditional beliefs and Muslim religious prescriptions is peculiar to the so-called "everyday Islam". This syncretism was common to other peoples of Dagestan and the North Caucasus.

he Article provides an overview of the historiography of the description of Dagestan carpet-weaving as a component of the domestic economy, material culture and aesthetic consciousness, as well as some ornamental and compositional and technical characteristics of local varieties of carpets and rugs. Analysis of literature data and field ethnographic materials suggests that Dagestan carpet-weaving is characterized by ornamental features and compositional diversity; by abundance of local centers which used to produce these carpets and rugs; by art and technical features of Dagestan carpets which visibly testified in which part of Dagestan, in what village they are woven. Actually, this seems the most impressive feature of the Dagestan carpet culture. It is noteworthy that many well known types of Caucasian rugs are
named as Lezgi (Mirakh, Akhty, Kabir, Akhty, Zahur (Zeihur), Chi-Chi), Kumyk (Kayakent, Kumtorkala), Avar (Tlyarota) villages. In the World there are no analogues to ornamental and color composition of flat-weave carpet types "dum","davagin", "salmag" "soumakh ", which were woven in a certain Kumyk, Avar, Lezgi villages. So, the particularly
of Dagestan carpet-weaving is expressed by:
a) the abundance of original carpet designs, developed to canonical level of perfection and clearly
localized in the districts and villages;
b) variability of the ornamental and technological characteristics:
с) plurality of local types of carpets;
g) fineness of weaving technique;
d) quality of wool of the Dagestan mountain breed of sheep;
e) coloring properties of the Derbent madder roots which, comparing with all known World species of this plant, has a superior content of the red colorant. All this, combined with the skillful, painstaking work of the weavers, determines the finesse of the Dagestan carpets, which is easily detected by the naked eye and without special knowledge.