Suchergebnisse

La planificación del medio físico tiene, entre sus objetivos prioritarios, la aplicación de una política preventiva, capaz de evitar el deterioro del medio ambiente. La preservación de espacios de calidad ambiental lleva consigo la creación de figuras de protección dotadas de un cuerpo legal que asegura su gestión funcional. La actitud política, al respecto, ha variado a lo largo de la historia, impuesta por criterios económicos e influida por aspectos culturales y por la propia evolución científica en el conocimiento del medio ambiente. La aparición de las microrreservas de flora en la Comunidad Valenciana responde a una nueva estrategia en materia de protección, basada en criterios científicos y ecológicos, siendo, además, una medida atrevida y novedosa de la Comunidad Europea, con escasos precedentes. Merece la pena examinar, desde un punto de vista geográfico, la creación de una red pionera de microrreservas por parte del Servicio de Protección de Especies de la Generalitat Valenciana, con el fin de evaluar las implicaciones territoriales de su implantación. ; Physical environment planning has got as priority objectives the application of a preventive policy capable to avoid the deteriorated environment. The preservation of environmental quality spaces supposes the cration of legal protection figures to guarantee its functional management. The political posture has changed during the history with economical criteria and influenced by cultural aspects and scientific evolution in the environmental knowledge. The apparition of the «microreserves of flora» in «Comunidad Valenciana» (mediterranean east coast of Spain) responds to a new stategy in the prtection matter based on scientific and ecological criteria as well as a daring and novel measure of European Community with scarcely precedents. Worthwhile to examine from a geographic point of view the creation of a pioneering net of microreserves by Species Protection Service of «Generalitat Valenciana» (Autonomous Government, Valencia- Spain) in order to evaluate the territorial implications.

The risk of forest fires in areas of wildland urban-interface (WUI.) is increasing due to the increase in urbanized areas and the progressive abandonment of traditional farming and forest uses. The global increase in catastrophic episodes in regions with a Mediterranean climate is worrying. Resilient towns and villages have given way to extensive and scattered residential estates that are in contact with forest fuel. These changes in the landscape when added to those of the climate, increase the danger of what some call 'igneous storms'. The risk in many areas has increased greatly in the last few decades. It is necessary to limit the growing exposure to this type of risk – and geographical information resources are essential for determining the territorial magnitude of the problem. Official libraries offering remote sensing data or geographical databases on land use and land cover (LULC) may be the best option (although accessing this data is complex for many end users). This research proposes identifying areas exposed to fire risk in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) through the automated integration of massive data from official geographic information sources. The application of this study to the region of Valencia (Spain) shows that the integration of these official sources of geographical information can achieve the objective at a detailed scale with relatively short processing times and for large geographical areas (approximately 8 h required to process about 70 Gb of LIDAR data). Geo Small Data techniques for the process of large datasets and its application to the objective of the study have been the best way to automate the analysis of lidar point clouds, with more than 5 billion echoes, through the use of free and open tools, containerization technologies, parallel processing and specific python libraries for geospatial data management. The LIDAR data has provided the necessary geometric definition to complement and improve the WUI area map from the reclassification of hundreds of thousands of polygons from the official Spanish land use geodatabase (SIOSE), achieving a map scale of more than 1: 25,000, for its part, the quality of the SIOSE geodatabase has allowed us to reduce the total LIDAR data to process by 97.8%. ; This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project SIOSE-INNOVA - CSO 2016-79420-R AEI/FEDER.UE) and the methodology has been developed by the project research team. The cartographic result has been collected in an unpublished work that has been awarded the XII Edition 'Pare Tosca' Cartography Prize of the Valencian Government (Valencian Cartographic Institute - ICV).

SIG-UA es un proyecto de investigación de Geografía aplicada destinado a la elaboración y puesta en explotación de un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) para la gestión de espacios e infraestructuras de la Universidad de Alicante. El objetivo es demostrar cómo la contemplación gráfica de la información contenida en bases de datos, es decir, su representación cartográfica, es el medio más eficaz para comprender y utilizar estrategias de actuación territorial, ventajas que se ven potenciadas al ser usadas junto a otra forma muy sugerente de consulta de datos, los protocolos de transferencia de hipertextos en una red local de tipo corporativo. En apretada síntesis, los servidores WEB de aplicaciones SIG pueden estar llamados a convertirse en una extraordinaria opción para el control adecuado de los activos inmuebles, tanto en empresas privadas como en organismos públicos. ; SIG-UA is a research project on applied Geography intended for the elaboration and exploitation of a geographic information system (GIS) for the spaces and infraestructures management of the University of Alicante (Spain). The main aim is to show how the graphic contemplation of the information which is kept in database, that is, its cartographic representation, it is the most effective way to understand and make use of territorial action strategies. These advantages are improved when they are used together with another interesting way of database consulting, namely, the HTTP in a intranet with TCP-IP protocol. To sum up, in order to control the property assets in a suitable way, both in private enterprises, state bodies and organs of the government, the WEB servers of GIS applicationes may become an oustanding choice.

Official information on Land Use Land Cover is essential for mapping wildland–urban interface (WUI) zones. However, these resources do not always provide the geometrical or thematic accuracy required to delimit buildings that are easily exposed to risk of wildfire at the appropriate scale. This research shows that the integration of active remote sensing and official Land Use Land Cover (LULC) databases, such as the Spanish Land Use Land Cover information system (SIOSE), creates the synergy capable of achieving this. An automated method was developed to detect WUI zones by the massive geoprocessing of data from official and open repositories of the Spanish national plan for territory observation (PNOT) of the Spanish national geographic institute (IGN), and it was tested in the most important metropolitan zones in Spain: Barcelona and Madrid. The processing of trillions of LiDAR data and their integration with thousands of SIOSE polygons were managed in a Linux environment, with libraries for geographic processing and a PostgreSQL database server. All this allowed the buildings that are exposed to wildfire risk with a high level of accuracy to be obtained with a methodology that can be applied anywhere in the Spanish territory. ; This research was funded by and conducted within the SIOSE-INNOVA Project (CSO2016-79420-R AEI/FEDER/UE, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain) and funded by the endowment of an award for conducting research with the objectives of sustainable development (SDGs) from the General Directorate for Cooperation and Solidarity of Government of Generalitat Valenciana (Spain).