Homo chimaera after homo sapiens?: the legal status of human–non-human chimaeras with human brain cells
In: BioSocieties: an interdisciplinary journal for social studies of life sciences
ISSN: 1745-8560
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In: BioSocieties: an interdisciplinary journal for social studies of life sciences
ISSN: 1745-8560
In: International journal of human rights, Band 27, Heft 3, S. 529-551
ISSN: 1744-053X
In: Maastricht journal of European and comparative law: MJ, Band 29, Heft 4, S. 434-450
ISSN: 2399-5548
The features of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demand a new form of contact tracing performed by digital means: digital contact tracing. However, this mechanism raises several issues in light of relevant European regulations, particularly in terms of personal data protection and privacy. The challenge is to have a digital contact tracing model that efficiently and speedily alerts people to potential infection, so they can get tested and isolated as necessary, but that also complies with European legal standards. This paper will address two main issues. First, it will analyse digital contract tracing and its different features from the perspective of data protection and privacy, seemingly the main concern in this domain. Secondly, the paper will analyse the loopholes and benefits of digital contact tracing in the European context, focusing on the tension between privacy, individual liberties and public health to address its legitimacy.
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In: PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS 2021
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In: BioLaw Journal –Rivista di BioDiritto, Special Issue 1/2021
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In: Maastricht journal of European and comparative law: MJ, Band 27, Heft 2, S. 178-198
ISSN: 2399-5548
In the Novartis Farma SpA case (Case C-29/17), the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) held that the decision of a Member State (Italy) to reimburse a drug used off-label (Avastin), and for that purpose submitted to repacking procedures, is not in violation of European law, even if there is a duly approved therapeutic alternative (Lucentis) on the market and the procedure is solely to reduce health care expenditures. This was not the CJEU's first ruling on off-label drug use. The novelty of the Novartis Farma SpA case is the economic element attached to the assessment of off-label prescriptions, even though the Court failed to consider this essential feature of the case. This paper analyses the Court's ruling in light of two main principles of European pharmaceutical law: the imposition of marketing authorization for drugs used in the European market; and the predominance of public health concerns over economic considerations. The paper concludes that the Court failed to identify a major issue in the Italian policy – the reimbursement of off-label drug used when there is a properly approved therapeutic alternative on the market – at the risk of undermining the entire European pharmaceutical framework and endangering public health.
In: Vera Lúcia Raposo, 'The CJEU's ruling in the Novartis Farma case - Money, Health and Medicines', Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law, Vol. 27(2), 2020, 178–198. https://doi.org/10.1177/1023263X20904228
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In: Vera Lúcia Raposo, "Wrongful genetic connection: Neither blood of my blood, nor flesh of my flesh", Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 23 (2020) pp. 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-019-09927-1
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In: Vera Lúcia Raposo, "A European Proposal to Regulate Off-Label Prescription in China". Asia Europe Journal (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10308-020-00569-0
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In: Vera Lúcia Raposo, 'Safe Drugs Versus Innovative Drugs (Can We Have Both?), Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 10(3): 334-337. Doi: 10.34172/apb.2020.041
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In: Vera Lúcia Raposo, "Portugal, Fighting Covid-19 in the Edge of Europe", BioLaw Journal/Rivista de Biodiritto, 1, 2020, pp. 723-730
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In: Vera Lúcia Raposo and Man Teng Iong, "The struggle against the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao", BioLaw Journal/Rivista de Biodiritto, 1, 2020, pp. 747-752
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