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Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgement -- Note on Transliteration -- Introduction: The analytical framework -- IR theory and IR-WANA -- The rational approach -- The constructivist approach -- The reflective approach -- The agency role of leaders -- Plan of the book -- Note -- References -- Part I: Age of the monarchy -- Chapter 1: The Hashemite monarchy and its quest to rule Syria -- The creation of the modern state in Syria and Iraq -- Faisal the King of Iraq -- The rise of Iraqi nationalism -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Age of revolution -- Chapter 2: Post-World War II pan-Arabism competition -- Pan-Arab unity -- Egypt, Syria, and Iraq unity negotiations -- The Ba'ath split -- Hafez Assad as the new president of Syria -- The impact of the 1973 war -- Face-to-face in Lebanon -- The impact of the Egypt-Israel peace treaty -- The collapse of unity negotiations -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Age of authoritarians -- Chapter 3: Iran-Iraq War -- The foundations of the Syria-Iran alliance -- The war -- Blocking the Kirkuk-Baniyas pipeline -- Assad's victory in the Fez II Summit of 1982 -- The occupation of al-Faw -- Al-Jafr meeting -- The Amman Summit of 1987 -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Kuwait crisis -- Post-war Iraq -- Face-to-face in Lebanon, again -- Saddam's rage against the Gulf monarchies -- The invasion of Kuwait -- The aftermath of the crisis -- Syrian-Iraqi détente -- The death of Assad -- Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Age of denomination -- Chapter 5: The occupation of Iraq and the Syrian quest for survival -- The war on Iraq -- Syria's rejection of the war on Iraq -- Syria sponsors terrorism inside Iraq -- The Iraqi civil war -- The Iraqi Refugee Crisis in Syria -- Conclusion -- References.

"This book examines the perplexing twists and turns in Syria-Iraq relations which since the establishment of modern Syria and Iraq after the First World War have zigzagged between cooperation and hostility countless times. It questions why both countries switched regional and international alliances, but never formed one of their own, and assesses the role played by structural forces such as geopolitics, ideology, and regime survival. It also argues that a key factor was the individual personalities - the agency role - of Hafez Assad and Saddam Hussain, both of whom had a monopoly of power, similar ambitions and leadership styles, and great mistrust of each other, with the result that they clashed. It goes on to show how both were caught between commitment to pan-Arabism and the imperative for regime survival, and how this led them both to weaken pan-Arabism instead and construct sectarian polarisation to ensure regime survival. The book concludes that their ruthless fight left a heavy legacy where in both countries regime survival overshadowed state consolidation and nation-building, with both countries divided into smaller communities of faiths and ethnicities at war with each other"--

"Securitization regulation remains, in the eyes of investors, banks, bureaucrats and politicians, one of the remaining unsolved puzzles of the post-Global Financial Crisis financial landscape. This book sets out a complete and definitive description of securitization mechanisms. The author details the history of the asset class up to the present day and identifies each of the key issues. Each issue is examined from the point of view of the taxpayer, the regulator, the investor community and the regulated entity itself, and the author examines all sides of the critical debate, weighing the available evidence to provide an objective overview. The author provides new data and analysis of transactions, strategies and industries to describe and analyse every issue involved in the designing and enforcing of regulation for securitized bank products. Written by an insider with over twenty years' experience in the markets, this book considers regulatory tools and methods from all sides and without bias. It will be a valuable source for educators, students and researchers in regulation, financial regulation and investment management. "--

Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Command words -- Introduction -- Learning aim A: Investigate the rights of individuals using health and social care services -- Assessment guidance for learning aim A -- Learning aim B: Examine the responsibilities of employers and employees in upholding service users' rights in health and social care -- Assessment guidance for learning aim B -- Sample assignment briefs -- Knowledge recap answers -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- P -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W

The concept of democracy, as we understand it today, did not exist during the time of Muhammad (peace be upon him), the prophet[1] of Muslims, but evolved over time and is rooted in the principles of equality, participation, consultation, social contracts, and justice. Muhammad ﷺ has established these principles, and in this study, it is to be argued that the principles are democratic in nature. His leadership qualities have a significant link with the politics in Pakistan[2] and with the dreamer of this country, Iqbal. It is a descriptive study; the primary objective is to focus on exploring the democratic thoughts of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ through historical incidents from his life. The secondary objective is to explore Allama Iqbal's thoughts on democracy[3], which are influenced by the political thought of Muhammad (PBUH). It is also argued that Iqbal, the spiritual father of the East, through his poetry, has emphasized the importance of social justice, individual freedom, and education; these are also the basic principles of democracy. The books and literature used for this research depict the political leadership qualities of the Prophet Muhammad and their impact on Pakistan. So, being the most influential leader of Muslims, the "thoughts" of Muhammad ﷺ are explored, which have the potential to bring positive changes to democracy in a country. For promoting democratic values in Pakistan specifically and in Asia in general, this study can play an authentic role. It will provide insights into the potential for democracy to create just and prosperous societies. It can be inspiring for individuals and institutions and would be a new piece of creation incorporating the leadership qualities of Muhammad (PBUH) and Iqbal's thoughts on democracy and democracy in Pakistan. A triangle needs to be understood.[1] Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, lived in the 7th century in a different historical and cultural context, where the concept of democracy, did not exist as the political and social structures of that time were different, and decision-making processes were not necessarily based on democratic principles.[2] A country in South Asia, gained independence from British colonial rule in 1947 and adopted a constitution in 1956, which provided for a parliamentary form of government.[3] Allama Iqbal was a prominent philosopher and poet who lived in the 20th century and wrote extensively on a wide range of topics, including democracy, who also dreamt of Pakistan.