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INTRODUCTION: In the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, the Indian healthcare system has worked hard towards restricting the adverse outcomes to the least possible figures. The present study aims to share the experience of a COVID-dedicated tertiary care government hospital in Northern India of managing COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective, observational study was conducted in a COVID-dedicated tertiary health care government hospital in Northern India. Details on sociodemographic data, hospital admission data, and drug utilization pattern of all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients of all age groups, either gender, having comorbidity (s), and admitted between April and September, 2020 were noted and evaluated. RESULTS: Among the total study participants (N = 406), 2868 drugs were prescribed. Out of these, 2336 were used for the management of symptoms of COVID-19 and 532 were used for the management of coexistent comorbidity (s). For COVID-19 symptoms, the most commonly prescribed class of drugs were antimicrobials (853, 36.52%), followed by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (374, 16.01%), proton pump inhibitors (299, 12.80%), antihistamines (232, 9.93%), immunosuppressant drugs (103, 4.41%), and others. For comorbidities most commonly prescribed were antihypertensive (310, 58.60%) drugs, followed by antidiabetic drugs (166, 31.38%), bronchodilators (34, 6.43%), thyroid hormones (11, 2.08%), immunosuppressant drugs (7, 1.32%). CONCLUSION: The most frequently prescribed antihypertensives were calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and least prescribed was beta blocker+CCB. Among the antidiabetic drugs, most frequently prescribed was insulin and least prescribed was DPP-4 inhibitors and Biguanide+DPP-4 inhibitor both.

The health care industry is one ofhuge part of world industries today. With such a huge customer based and an increasing demand, pharmaceutical industries will respond to patient's demands by developing and successfully expanding their technologies. The nature of newly discovered drugs becomes more complex and toxicity also increased, new novel modes of delivery are necessary to deliver them to the desired sites of the body. Due to this reason the renowned pharmaceutical companies are concentrating on applying new methods and technologies. As compared to other technologies pharmaceutical nanotechnology is one of the most comprehensive technologies. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology gives novel tools with lots of opportunities and scope, which are expected to have a great impact not only on complicated diagnosis of disease but also on the therapeutics of diseases. Due to this advances, pharmaceutical nanotechnology is now popular and well-established for diagnostics, drug delivery and treatment of diseases through its nano-structured tools & devices. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology assists to develop novel technologies where current existing and conventional technologies may have their limits.It also provides opportunities to improve materials, medical devices performance. Due to current novel development in nano-technology, global interest shown by scientists, governments and industries assure that there is enormous potential and huge scope of nano-technology based drug delivery system in near future. Keywords: Pharmaceutical nanotechnology, Nano technology in drug delivery system, Nano technology in disease diagnosis.

Background: Polypharmacy and inappropriate usage of antibiotics are common in an intensive care unit which may increase morbidity, mortality, antimicrobial resistance, and treatment cost. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the Effect of Educational Session on Antimicrobial consumption pattern in the Medical Intensive Care unit (MICU) of Government Tertiary Care hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was conducted over a period of 18 months, and the data were obtained from Medical Record Department (MRD) and from the MICU after organizing an educational session, of a tertiary care hospital. All the data were tabulated in summery sheets and were analyzed using computer software SPSS version 20 and Microsoft Excel 2019. Results: A total 257 cases were reviewed during the study period; among these 46.77% were males and 53.23% were females in MRD group, out of 124 cases and 53.38% were males and 46.62% were females in MICU group, out of 133 cases. In MRD group mean age of patients was 56.16 and in MICU group mean age of patients was 56.00 years. Discussion: A total of 616 antimicrobial drugs were prescribed, out of which Amoxiclav was most frequently given in MRD group and Meropenem was most frequently given in MICU group. Conclusion: This study gave an overview of antimicrobial use in the MICU and helped to find out the consumption pattern that would spread awareness among the prescribers.