Suchergebnisse

Research on risk communication relates basic risk perception studies to the formulation of policies, the currently evolving legislation dealing with hazards, the key issues of public involvement, the risk and environmental management. Risk communication is a relatively new field based on a sociological approach. The discipline comes from risk perception studies (psychological approach), which try to investigate how the public is influenced by certain variables in perceiving risk as "acceptable" or not. Risk communication involves some aspects of risk analysis methodology, since it results that also the technical analysis is influenced by the co-operation between the actors involved. The research project includes two aspects: a theoretic approach on risk communication (Part one) and a case study (Part two). The analysed case is relative to a movement plant of petroleum products. The method used for the analysis foresees a review of the main findings about risk perception and communication: mostly about the factors, which influence the public perception of risk. On the basis of these factors a content analysis of technical documents, of local newspapers, and of public documents and reports was carried out. The main objective of this project is to establish recommendations and proposals for a communication strategy aimed at consensual decision making. This strategy would act on awareness and/or equilibrium in risk perception, as a condition necessary to achieve consensus.

Research on risk communication relates basic risk perception studies to the formulation of policies, the currently evolving legislation dealing with hazards, the key issues of public involvement, the risk and environmental management. Risk communication is a relatively new field based on a sociological approach. The discipline comes from risk perception studies (psychological approach), which try to investigate how the public is influenced by certain variables in perceiving risk as "acceptable" or not. Risk communication involves some aspects of risk analysis methodology, since it results that also the technical analysis is influenced by the co-operation between the actors involved. The research project includes two aspects: a theoretic approach on risk communication (Part one) and a case study (Part two). The analysed case is relative to a movement plant of petroleum products. The method used for the analysis foresees a review of the main findings about risk perception and communication: mostly about the factors, which influence the public perception of risk. On the basis of these factors a content analysis of technical documents, of local newspapers, and of public documents and reports was carried out. The main objective of this project is to establish recommendations and proposals for a communication strategy aimed at consensual decision making. This strategy would act on awareness and/or equilibrium in risk perception, as a condition necessary to achieve consensus.

[Mediation in health care. Inappropriate use of ionizing tests, informed consent and opportunity of Legislative Decree n. 28/2010]Inappropriate use of ionizing tests in medicine represents an increasing trend, which causes noteworthy damages to health, as well as a huge increment of health expenditures, waiting lists, organizational conflicts, judicial disputes, and insurance compensations. This phenomenon is strictly related to the key bioethical and legal issue of patient's autonomy, which is protectable by means of a correct implementation of informed consent. The current practice of the passive signature on incomplete and unreadable informed consent templates belongs to the so-called "event-based" approach. This practice mortifies the patient's right to decide freely and deliberately, being him unaware of the biological consequences of diagnostic-therapeutic interventions on himself and on his progeny's health. On the other hand, physicians themselves are not protected, since they can generate arbitrary clinical acts more frequently, with heavy deontological and legal consequences. Conversely, a "process-based" approach is necessary, which conveys informed consent in a series of other clinical and organisational processes towards a full therapeutic alliance among physician and patient. Actually, in both the presence and absence of the inauspicious event recurring also in the area of imaging as well as in other specialist areas, an arbitrary informed consent is the cause of deep conflicts, especially at relational level, between physician and patient. The authors suggest – in both juridical and communication perspectives – that these conflicts deserve to be properly analyzed and brought to the surface by the parties through the tool of mediation in healthcare, provided by Legislative Decree n. 28/2010. This tool is oriented not so much towards a technical solution at all costs, as towards a reconstruction of the care relationship, which unfortunately is lacking in the current way of conceiving and managing informed consent.

[Mediation in health care. Inappropriate use of ionizing tests, informed consent and opportunity of Legislative Decree n. 28/2010]Inappropriate use of ionizing tests in medicine represents an increasing trend, which causes noteworthy damages to health, as well as a huge increment of health expenditures, waiting lists, organizational conflicts, judicial disputes, and insurance compensations. This phenomenon is strictly related to the key bioethical and legal issue of patient's autonomy, which is protectable by means of a correct implementation of informed consent. The current practice of the passive signature on incomplete and unreadable informed consent templates belongs to the so-called "event-based" approach. This practice mortifies the patient's right to decide freely and deliberately, being him unaware of the biological consequences of diagnostic-therapeutic interventions on himself and on his progeny's health. On the other hand, physicians themselves are not protected, since they can generate arbitrary clinical acts more frequently, with heavy deontological and legal consequences. Conversely, a "process-based" approach is necessary, which conveys informed consent in a series of other clinical and organisational processes towards a full therapeutic alliance among physician and patient. Actually, in both the presence and absence of the inauspicious event recurring also in the area of imaging as well as in other specialist areas, an arbitrary informed consent is the cause of deep conflicts, especially at relational level, between physician and patient. The authors suggest – in both juridical and communication perspectives – that these conflicts deserve to be properly analyzed and brought to the surface by the parties through the tool of mediation in healthcare, provided by Legislative Decree n. 28/2010. This tool is oriented not so much towards a technical solution at all costs, as towards a reconstruction of the care relationship, which unfortunately is lacking in the current way of conceiving and managing informed consent.