Suchergebnisse

The article addresses the methodological challenges in measuring democratic ideals on an individual level in quantitative studies. Building upon own empirical research, the study identifies several difficulties in assessing individuals' attitudes on democracy. In addition to a discussion of quantitative measures on individual-level data such as the ESS module on democracy or the Afrobarometer measures, the study assesses the possibility of other endeavors and what these look like. The study identifies multidimensionality, the association between elements, as well as problems in aggregating concepts, as important elements to be addressed in research. In the last step, certain quantitative measures are tested through a survey to show possible solutions to the issues.

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Artikel behandelt die Interaktionsmöglichkeiten von Bewegungen mit dem tunesischen Staat. Interviews helfen verschiedene Wege der Einflussnahme durch soziale Bewegungen wie über ehemalige Mitglieder in Ministerien oder institutionalisierte Konsultationen zwischen Zivilgesellschaft und Staat zu identifizieren. Das Beispiel Tunesien zeigt, dass es auf den Zeitpunkt im Gesetzgebungsprozess ankommt. Verschiedene Einflusswege werden hintereinander oder gleichzeitig genutzt, um staatliche Entscheidungen zu beeinflussen. Es wird zwischen Vorschlägen seitens der Zivilgesellschaft, sowie Protest und Widerspruch unterschieden.

The sudden end of the Ben Ali regime in January 2011 led to a change towards a democratic political system in Tunisia. While researchers acknowledge the importance of social movements for the initial protests, there is no systematic proof of civil society influence on the Tunisian state. The thesis takes this blind spot and looks at the mechanisms by which civil society can have ideational influence. As the role of civil society for democracy and democratization is often discussed, the thesis asks how organizations perceive democracy and whether they diffuse a democratic framing towards the state. Organizational networks are analyzed to see who works with whom and which ministries are approached. These ministries are then asked on their networks to verify the connection between organizations and ministries. Afterwards the democratic framing of organizations and ministries is compared to see whether more interaction causes similar framing. Finally, the results of the analysis show mechanisms that influence framing and wider policies. Different possibilities for influence, be it direct effects or mediated indirect effects via the media, organizational or coalitional influence orient the thesis. The research is based on interviews with movement leaders and higher-level civil servants in ministries as well as organizational documents and media analysis. The research shows very specific influence, oriented towards concrete ministries. Personal contacts as well as institutionalized integration are useful to realize demands. The most effective interactions to promote a democratic framing exist between the Women Movement and the Ministry of Women and Family. Other interactions are found on a continuum between very restricted to no interaction and more intense interactions. There is not one democratic framing but several ones with different orientation. -- La fin soudaine du régime de Ben Ali en janvier 2011 a entraîné un changement vers un système politique démocratique en Tunisie. Bien que les chercheurs reconnaissent ...

The sudden end of the Ben Ali regime in January 2011 led to a change towards a democratic political system in Tunisia. While researchers acknowledge the importance of social movements for the initial protests, there is no systematic proof of civil society influence on the Tunisian state. The thesis takes this blind spot and looks at the mechanisms by which civil society can have ideational influence. As the role of civil society for democracy and democratization is often discussed, the thesis asks how organizations perceive democracy and whether they diffuse a democratic framing towards the state. Organizational networks are analyzed to see who works with whom and which ministries are approached. These ministries are then asked on their networks to verify the connection between organizations and ministries. Afterwards the democratic framing of organizations and ministries is compared to see whether more interaction causes similar framing. Finally, the results of the analysis show mechanisms that influence framing and wider policies. Different possibilities for influence, be it direct effects or mediated indirect effects via the media, organizational or coalitional influence orient the thesis. The research is based on interviews with movement leaders and higher-level civil servants in ministries as well as organizational documents and media analysis. The research shows very specific influence, oriented towards concrete ministries. Personal contacts as well as institutionalized integration are useful to realize demands. The most effective interactions to promote a democratic framing exist between the Women Movement and the Ministry of Women and Family. Other interactions are found on a continuum between very restricted to no interaction and more intense interactions. There is not one democratic framing but several ones with different orientation.

Ce Cahier s'interroge sur les comportements politiques dans le contexte de « crise » (économique, migratoire et sécuritaire) que traverse le continent européen depuis plusieurs années. Après une introduction générale retraçant les origines et les développements de ces crises multiples, les différents chapitres se focalisent sur quatre problématiques plus spécifiques : (1) l'influence des clivages traditionnels sur les attitudes et le vote des citoyens ; (2) le rôle des valeurs dans la structuration des attitudes sur l'immigration et la sécurité ; (3) les attitudes et les comportements des citoyens issus de l'immigration ; (4) l'influence des attitudes en matière d'immigration et de sécurité sur la participation électorale et les autres formes de participation politique. L'étude se penche sur trois pays européens (la France, la Suisse et la Suède) et analyse les données issues de la vague 2014-2015 de l'enquête European Social Survey. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats démontrent l'importance primordiale acquise par la thématique de l'immigration dans la structuration des préférences politiques en Europe.

To get more insight into how people were affected by and fared during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, the Swiss Household Panel launched an additional Covid-19 Survey among participating households. It was fielded between May and June 2020, right after the strictest regulations ended, but numerous restrictions were still in place. This paper presents the main findings of this study with respect to a wide variety of domains: the occurrence of Covid-19 infections in people's networks, changes with respect to work, finances, time use, family life, following education from home, health and wellbeing, worries, social networks and social cohesion, and the evaluation of the political measures taken by the federal government.