Suchergebnisse

Indice sommario -- Indice delle figure -- 1. TEORIA DELCONSUMATORE -- Domande a risposta aperta -- Problemi -- Domande a risposta multipla -- 2. PRODUZIONE E COSTI -- Domande a risposta aperta -- Problemi -- Domande a risposta multipla -- 3. MASSIMIZZAZIONE DEL PROFITTO E CONCORRENZA PERFETTA -- Domande a risposta aperta -- Problemi -- Domande a risposta multipla -- 4. DOMANDA, OFFERTA ED EQUILIBRIO DI UN MERCATO PERFETTAMENTE CONCORRENZIALE -- Domande a risposta aperta -- Problemi -- Domande a risposta multipla -- 5. MERCATI DI CONCORRENZA IMPERFETTA -- Domande a risposta aperta -- Problemi -- Domande a risposta multipla -- 6. I FALLIMENTI DEL MERCATO -- Domande a risposta aperta -- Domande a risposta multipla -- Soluzioni

Foreign direct investment (FDI) from Multinational enterprises (MNEs) can
augment the productivity of domestic firms insofar as knowledge ?spills over?
from foreign investors to local producers. The capacity of local companies to
exploit knowledge from MNEs can be affected by the technology gap between
foreign and local enterprises at both horizontal (in the same industry) and
vertical (in different industries) level. Whereas most of the empirical
literature has focused exclusively on the analysis of horizontal and backward
spillovers (i.e. between MNEs and local suppliers), the present paper also
examines the relationship between FDI-related spillovers and technological
gap in the Italian manufacturing sector at forward level (i.e. between MNEs
and local buyers). Results suggest that at both intra-industry and forward
level, the technological gap is of considerable importance for the spillover
effect, particularly in the case of low-medium gap.

This paper investigates the impact of incoming foreign direct investment on local wages in the Italian manufacturing sector. We find that wage spillovers take place mainly when the technological gap between domestically owned firms and foreign‐owned firms is large. Specifically, a large technological distance between domestically owned and foreign‐owned firms has positive effects on wages paid by domestically owned firms in the same industry and negative on domestic wages in upstream and/or in downstream industries. Finally, inward investment may indeed improve the domestic sectors, although such linkage depends on different characteristics of domestically owned firms and sectors where firms operate.

AbstractThe presence of exogenous global shocks due to the 2007/2008 economic and financial crisis and the current global pandemic crisis are deeply hampering economic operators' overall ability to access credit. Small and medium‐sized enterprises and start‐ups are most severely affected by credit rationing. This paper investigates whether access to bank loans in the early stage of a start‐up's lifecycle is a predictor of a firm's default in a time of economic crisis. We ground our analysis on a firm‐level longitudinal data set of Italian new capital companies born from 2004 to 2006. Implementing a discrete‐time proportional hazard model we study their likelihood of default up to 2014 after controlling for a consistent number of other firms, industry and innovation related characteristics. The main findings confirm that access to bank loans significantly enhances the resilience of Italian start‐ups. By taking into consideration the sectoral degree of innovation where firms operate, we also find that bank financing still exerts a positive influence on firm survival in both less and more innovative industries. However, there is evidence of a stronger positive influence on of long‐term debt on the survival of firms operating in low‐ and medium‐low innovative industries.