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Introduction : activism from above -- States and the domestic political economy of NGOs -- Political globalization, "civil society" politics, and the global growth of NGOs in the 1980s-2000s -- International development NGOs in Japan -- Sustainable development and advocacy NGOs in Japan -- Conclusion : states, political globalization, and the growth of NGOs.

Looking at domestic politics, transnational diffusion, the state's relationship with civil society and societal actors, this book demonstrates how and why NGOs active in global issues have become more visible in Japan. It is suitable for postgraduate students and academics working in political science, international relations, and sociology.

Indigenous peoples in Southeast Asia have organized on issues that affect their rights at the local, national, regional and global level. This article argues that one important component of the rise of this activism is the presence of regional scalar bridging organizations that link activism across scales and support the growth of Indigenous movements by providing access to global and regional opportunities for action. In Southeast Asia, the Asian Indigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP) and Tebtebba play this role through their presence in global political arenas and their many activities with partner organizations in the region. Drawing on social movement theory, this article outlines how regional social movement organizations potentially support global activism in the Global South by scale bridging in the areas of (1) resource mobilization, (2) creation of political spaces and opportunities and (3) the diffusion of ideas. To illustrate this, the case of Indigenous peoples activism on climate change in Southeast Asia is presented through an examination of the work done in these three areas by the Asian Indigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP) and Tebtebba (Pac Rev / GIGA)

Reimann reviews GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS POLITICS IN JAPAN: Global Norms and Domestic Networks by Jennifer Chan-Tiberghien.

Developments that facilitated the participation of Japanese environmental nongovernmental organizations (NGO) in the international debate concerning climate change are explored. An overview of Japanese environmental advocacy NGOs demonstrates the various factors that traditionally constrained their involvement in international discussions. Three developments responsible for Japanese environmental NGOs' increased participation in the global climate change debate are identified: the growth of international opportunities; the transnational circulation of environmental information; & the increased socialization of state actors. The respective roles these factors played in the organizational success that Kiko Forum, the umbrella organization for Japanese environmental NGOs, achieved during the 1997 Third Conference of Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Kyoto are explored. It is suggested that future research examine whether international developments can augment the involvement of NGOs dedicated to domestic issues. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 50 References. J. W. Parker

Developments that facilitated the participation of Japanese environmental nongovernmental organizations (NGO) in the international debate concerning climate change are explored. An overview of Japanese environmental advocacy NGOs demonstrates the various factors that traditionally constrained their involvement in international discussions. Three developments responsible for Japanese environmental NGOs' increased participation in the global climate change debate are identified: the growth of international opportunities; the transnational circulation of environmental information; & the increased socialization of state actors. The respective roles these factors played in the organizational success that Kiko Forum, the umbrella organization for Japanese environmental NGOs, achieved during the 1997 Third Conference of Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Kyoto are explored. It is suggested that future research examine whether international developments can augment the involvement of NGOs dedicated to domestic issues. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 50 References. J. W. Parker

Since the late 1980s, there has been a sudden rise in the number of advocacy NGOs in Japan involved in global & transnational environmental issues. This is a surprising development considering the difficult domestic conditions faced by social activists in Japan trying to organize at the national level. To explain these recent changes, this article looks to three international processes: (1) international opportunities, (2) transnational diffusion, & (3) international socialization of state actors. Using the case Kiko Forum, a Japanese network organization created in 1996 to mobilize support for ambitious greenhouse gas reductions, this article traces how these three processes provided new external resources for activists & altered domestic structures themselves. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 50 References. Adapted from the source document.