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Concept of governance of creative clusters as economic organization of creative society under the Smart specialization logic is new and fragmentally explored. Thesis presents the analysis of understanding of Smart specialization and proposes possible extensions, explores theoretical views of creative society and its features, analyzes the theory and development of clusters, features of creative clusters, proposes governance model of Lithuanian creative clusters under the Smart specialization conditions. Theoretical analysis has revealed, that Smart Specialization is non-linear, non-industrial, three-dimensional specialization, integrating different region-specific contexts into economically viable activities. Creative society is a postmodern society that is a contemporary understanding of the information and knowledge society concepts. Creative society is foundation of creative economy, specific to the geographical place it is located, based on the usage of technologies, organized in non-hierarchical form and opting for exclusivity. First part of empirical research was based on analysis of governance documents of European union regions with highest proportion of firms and jobs in the creative clusters and highest share of creative and cultural industries in the reginal economy. Second part of empirical research was bases on semi-structured interview with Lithuanian cluster management organizations of official creative clusters. Analysis of best European Union governance practices revealed, that the most important criteria in creative clusters governance are education and access to global markets. Analysis of Lithuanian creative clusters revealed, that they are relatively young, local and project-based organizations with limited connections to the knowledge institutions and mostly dependent on state support. Governance model of Lithuanian creative clusters was based on the logic of Smart specialization, which should be applied to identify and develop economically most suitable connection of creative society, creative economy and creative clusters.

Concept of governance of creative clusters as economic organization of creative society under the Smart specialization logic is new and fragmentally explored. Thesis presents the analysis of understanding of Smart specialization and proposes possible extensions, explores theoretical views of creative society and its features, analyzes the theory and development of clusters, features of creative clusters, proposes governance model of Lithuanian creative clusters under the Smart specialization conditions. Theoretical analysis has revealed, that Smart Specialization is non-linear, non-industrial, three-dimensional specialization, integrating different region-specific contexts into economically viable activities. Creative society is a postmodern society that is a contemporary understanding of the information and knowledge society concepts. Creative society is foundation of creative economy, specific to the geographical place it is located, based on the usage of technologies, organized in non-hierarchical form and opting for exclusivity. First part of empirical research was based on analysis of governance documents of European union regions with highest proportion of firms and jobs in the creative clusters and highest share of creative and cultural industries in the reginal economy. Second part of empirical research was bases on semi-structured interview with Lithuanian cluster management organizations of official creative clusters. Analysis of best European Union governance practices revealed, that the most important criteria in creative clusters governance are education and access to global markets. Analysis of Lithuanian creative clusters revealed, that they are relatively young, local and project-based organizations with limited connections to the knowledge institutions and mostly dependent on state support. Governance model of Lithuanian creative clusters was based on the logic of Smart specialization, which should be applied to identify and develop economically most suitable connection of creative society, creative economy and creative clusters. ; Kūrybinių klasterių valdymas, kaip kūrybos visuomenės ekonominis organizavimas Sumanios specializacijos logikos pagrindu yra nauja ir beveik netyrinėta koncepcija. Disertacijoje buvo išnagrinėtas Sumanios specializacijos supratimas ir pasiūlyti jo plėtiniai, išnagrinėti teoriniai požiūriai į kūrybos visuomenę ir išanalizuotos jos savybės, analizuota klasterių teorija ir raida, kūrybinių klasterių ypatybės, sukurtas Lietuvos kūrybinių klasterių valdymo Sumanios specializacijos sąlygomis modelis. Teorinė analizė atskleidė, kad Sumani specializacija yra ne linijinė, ne pramoninė, o trimatė specializacija, kompleksiškai integruojanti skirtingus regionui specifinius kontekstus į ekonomiškai pagrįstas veiklas. Kūrybos visuomenė – postmoderni visuomenė, atspindinti šiuolaikinį informacinės ir žinių visuomenės koncepcijų supratimą. Kūrybos visuomenė yra kūrybos ekonomikos pagrindas, specifiška geografinei vietai, grindžiama technologijų panaudojimu, organizuota nehierarchine forma ir siekianti išskirtinumo. Empirinio tyrimo metodologija buvo paremta didžiausią įmonių ir darbo vietų skaičių kūrybiniuose klasteriuose bei didžiausią kūrybinių ir kultūrinių industrijų dalį regioninėje ekonomikoje turinčių Europos Sąjungos regionų valdymo dokumentų analize ir pusiau struktūruotu interviu su oficialių Lietuvos kūrybinių klasterių valdymo organizacijomis. Gerųjų Europos Sąjungos praktikų analizė atskleidė, kad kūrybinių klasterių valdyme svarbiausi kriterijai yra švietimas ir prieiga prie globalių rinkų. Lietuvos kūrybinių klasterių tyrimas atskleidė, kad tai yra santykinai jaunos organizacijos, neorientuotos į globalias rinkas ir ryšius, daugiausiai paremtos projektine veikla, turinčios ribotus ryšius su žinių institucijomis ir daugiausiai priklausančios nuo valstybės pagalbos. Lietuvos kūrybinių klasterių valdymo modelis buvo paremtas Sumanios specializacijos logika, kuri turėtų būti taikoma nustatyti ir plėtoti ekonomiškai tinkamiausią kūrybos visuomenės, kūrybos ekonomikos ir kūrybinių klasterių sąsają.

Concept of governance of creative clusters as economic organization of creative society under the Smart specialization logic is new and fragmentally explored. Thesis presents the analysis of understanding of Smart specialization and proposes possible extensions, explores theoretical views of creative society and its features, analyzes the theory and development of clusters, features of creative clusters, proposes governance model of Lithuanian creative clusters under the Smart specialization conditions. Theoretical analysis has revealed, that Smart Specialization is non-linear, non-industrial, three-dimensional specialization, integrating different region-specific contexts into economically viable activities. Creative society is a postmodern society that is a contemporary understanding of the information and knowledge society concepts. Creative society is foundation of creative economy, specific to the geographical place it is located, based on the usage of technologies, organized in non-hierarchical form and opting for exclusivity. First part of empirical research was based on analysis of governance documents of European union regions with highest proportion of firms and jobs in the creative clusters and highest share of creative and cultural industries in the reginal economy. Second part of empirical research was bases on semi-structured interview with Lithuanian cluster management organizations of official creative clusters. Analysis of best European Union governance practices revealed, that the most important criteria in creative clusters governance are education and access to global markets. Analysis of Lithuanian creative clusters revealed, that they are relatively young, local and project-based organizations with limited connections to the knowledge institutions and mostly dependent on state support. Governance model of Lithuanian creative clusters was based on the logic of Smart specialization, which should be applied to identify and develop economically most suitable connection of creative society, creative economy and creative clusters.

The purpose of this article is twofold. Firstly to analyse and to describe the phenomenon of creative society and to propose the features, distinguishing it from the predecessors – information society and knowledge society. Secondly to reveal the relation of creative society with creative economy and regional specialization. Research is based on the analysis of the relevant literature. The findings reveal that creative society is an extension to information society and knowledge society, but with the different set of main features. Creative society is foundation of the creative economy embedded to the place where it exists. It is organized in non-hierarchical form and opts for the exclusivity, with individual approach to the creation and specific roots in the education. By its nature the creative society is very place-specific and specialized by education and enabled by technology, constantly exploiting its specialization for the innovation activities and economic benefits. This research paper might be a valuable source of information for studying the development of creativity, society in general and creative economy. The further research and practical application could be used to develop indictors of creative society and apply them to study different regions with different specializations.