Suchergebnisse

Data on the Pleistocene megafauna and the earliest evidence of the presence of Palaeolithic humans on the territory of the Northern Ob river region are analyzed. The data about the geological and geomorphological situation in the lower reaches of the Ob river is presented, the deposits of the Late Neopleistocene are characterized, and the main regularities in the taphonomy of megafaunal remains are described. Changes in the species composition of the Neopleistocene fauna from the right bank of the Big Ob and their chronology are established on the basis of numerous absolute dates obtained on bones. The results of the traceological analysis and dating of two mammoth tusk fragments with traces of human processing are presented. The authors provide information on 2020 field works on the Kushevatskaya channel and the Synya river, which gave new data on the early human settlement of the territory of the Lower Ob. It is concluded that the initial colonization of the region took place at the beginning of the Early Upper Palaeolithic, with first people coming presumably from the territory of the Urals.

The article presents the first results of a comprehensive study of the new archaeological site Surungur in the Fergana Valley. Interdisciplinary research was conducted in 2018—2019 by an international Russian-Kyrgyz expedition. The direct archeological work at the site was preceded by geophysical surveys, which helped to identify the most promising areas for future research. The archaeological excavations made it possible to identify a series of fire places, to obtain a representative archaeological collection of paleofaunal material, lithic industry and bone tools. The stone industry is represented by blade knapping, among bone awls, point and elongated bead. Archaeological research indicates that Ovis, unidentified ovicaprin and cervid bones predominate in the Early Holocene sediments. Pollen analysis and analysis of small mammals allowed reconstruction of the paleo-environment at different stages of Early Holocene. The data obtained indicate that the Surungur site has been continuously inhabited since the Early Holocene. New data indicate that the materials of the lower cultural horizons of the site under study fit organically into the context of the known Neolithic cultures of the mountain part of Central Asia and find more analogies with the Hissar culture.