Suchergebnisse

Demokrasi hakikatnya adalah sarana atau alat untuk mencapai tujuan negara. Ada beberapa kriteria negara demokrasi antara lain adanya perwakilan politik, pemilihan umum dan pertanggungjawaban politik. Seiring dengan perkembangan kondisi dan situasi negara dan bangsa, maka demokrasi pun mengalamai perkembangan. Terdapat dua bentuk demokrasi yakni langsung dan tidak langung. Mendasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip demokrasi dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1954, Pasal 24 ayat (5), Pasal 56 ayat (1), Pasal 40, Pasal 41, dan Pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 24 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah serta undang-undang yang terkait maka pemilihan Kepala Daerah yang tepat di Indonesia adalah secara langsung. Keputusan untuk memilih salah satu bentuk pemilihan kepala daerah hendaknya didasarkan pada pertimbangan unsur atau elemen substansi, struktur dan kultur demokrasi dan komponen masyarakat, budaya masyarakat atau demokrasi, kondisi historis filosofis masyarakat, pendidikan demokrasi, konsep demokrasi, pembentukan demokrasi, bentuk demokrasi, penerapan demokrasi, dan evaluasi penerapan demokrasi, serta harus memperhatikan elemen: tujuan, masukan, proses, keluaran, batas, mekanisme pengendalian dan umpan balik serta lingkungan.Democracy is essentially means to achieve the goal state. There are several criteria for democracy among others, the representatives of political, electoral and political accountability. Along with the development of the condition and situation of the country and nation, then democracy is also experiencing growth. There are two forms of democracy that is directly and indirectly. Based on the principles of democracy and the Republic Indonesia Constitution Year 1945, Article 24 paragraph (5), Article 56 paragraph (1), Article 40, Article 41, and Article 43 paragraph (1) of the Constitution. The decision to choose one form of local elections should be based on consideration of the element or elements of the substance, structure and culture of democracy and society, culture or democracy, the historical conditions of philosophical society, democratic education, the concept of democracy, the establishment of democracy, the form of democracy, of democracy , and evaluation of the implementation of democracy, as well as the need of attention to elements such as: goals, inputs, processes, outputs, limit, control and feedback mechanisms as well as the environment.

Keberadaan Undang-Undang No. 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik memberikan pencerahan dalam pelaksanaan penyelenggaraan Negara atau pemerintahan. Pelaksanaan keterbukaan informasi publik dalam penyelenggaraan negara atau pemerintahan merupakan perwujudan tata pemerintahan yang baik (Good Governance), dan jaminan kepastian hukum terhadap hak masyarakat untuk mendapatkan informasi yang dibutuhkan serta untuk turut serta dalam mengontrol penyelenggaraan negara atau pemerintahan. Pemerintah harus menyiapkan sarana prasarana, sumber daya manusia yang punya kemampuan (skill) dan kemauan serta komitmen dari seluruh penyelenggara pemerintahan atau badan publik dan aparat atau komponennya, untuk melaksanakannya. Agar apa yang diharapkan dapat diwujudkan dengan baik. Untuk mendukung pelaksanaan undang-undang tersebut diperlukan adanya penegakan hukum yang berkeadilan serta dukungan penegak hukum yang profesional dan yang menjunjung tinggi keadilan.The Law No 14 Year 2008 about The Openness of Public Information provides enlightenment in the implementation of state or government. Implementation of public information in running the state is the embodiment of good governance. It is the guarantee of law towards human rights to get information needed in participating and controlling the implementation of State or Government. The Government should set up infrastructure, human resources who have skills and willingness as well as commitment of all the administrators or Public Agency and the apparatus to do it and what is expected able to realize it well. To support the implementation of the law, it is required law enforcement fairly and supported by law enforcement professional with the appreciation of justice.

Indonesia sebagai Negara Kepulauan, yang luas wilayahnya 70% merupakan wilayah lautan. Di wilayah lautan ini terkandung potensi ekonomi kelautan yang sangat besar dan beragam, antara lain sumber daya ikan. Dengan melimpahnya sumber daya ikan maka seharusnya pendapatan nelayan sangatlah memadai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Namun dalam realita tidaklah demikian, kemiskinan masih banyak melanda kehidupan nelayan. Dari sisi ekonomi hasil tangkapan nelayan masih jauh dari memadahi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Hal ini disebabkan karena minimnya modal yang dimiliki nelayan, tekanan dari pemilik modal, sistem bagi hasil yang tidak adil, perdagangan atau pelelangan ikan yang tidak transparan (dikuasai tengkulak) dan otoritas tidak punya wibawa untuk mengatur dan menegakkan aturan. Serta pola atau budaya kerja yang masih apa adanya. Kondisi kemiskinan yang dialami nelayan menyebabkan mereka rentan konflik dan hanya menjadi objek. Hukum yang seharusnya memberikan perlindungan ternyata juga tidak optimal. Dalam Undang-Undang Perikanan hanya ada 2 ayat dalam pasal 1 yang mengatur nelayan, itu pun hanya ayat yang memberikan pengertian nelayan dan nelayan kecil. Bahkan pengertian itu pun berbeda dengan pengertian nelayan tradisional dalam penjelasan pasal 18 (6) Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah serta dalam reali-tasnya. Perbedaan pengertian ini berdampak pada nelayan.Indonesiaas an archipelago, which has till 70% is ocean area. In this sea area marine contains a very large and varied economic potential including fish resources. With the abundance of fish resources, it should make the fishermen earning to complete their necessities. In fact, it is not so, the poverty still have been collided with the lives of many fishermen. From the economic side, what the fishermen catch, is so far from enough to complete their necessities. This is caused by lack of capital owned by fishermen, the pressure from the owners of capital, profit-sharing system that is not fair, trade or auctioning process of fish that are not transparent (controlled by middlemen). Furthermore the authorities have no authority to regulate and enforce the rules. In addition, the pattern or work culture that is still what it is. The conditions of poverty which is experienced by fishermen led to their conflict and only to be the object. The law should provide protection has not been optimal yet. In the fishery law, there are only 2 verse in paragraph 1 regulating fishermen, also it is only the verse giving understanding of fishermen and small fishermen. Even it gives different understanding that traditional fishermen in the explanation of paragraph 18 (6) Local Government Act as well as in reality. The different understanding gives impact to the fishermen.

One of local revenue source is obtained from local loan. UU No. 33/2004 about Financial Balancing of Central dan Local Goverment makes enable for local government to get public loan by issuing financial bond. Since this is something new in Indonesia, a regulation and law protection for investor should be set up. The two existing regulations, stock exchange regulation and UU No. 33/2004 are likely have some disputed things concerning term of loan the type and purpose of loan and collateral.

Public service as a reflection of service form to the public to complete the right and fundamental need and administrative service as it set in constitution of Republic Indonesia of 1945. State have an obligation to complete the right of every citizen through government system to increase quality and to guarantee public service in accordance with general principles of good governance. In fact, there are so many problems of public service, including incondidtence of public service. Therefore, this research is formulated into the roles and functions of public services in realizing good governance, the reform of the national legal system currently have the ability to transform the values of public services into the system of good governance based on the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945 and efforts to optimize public services that can achieve good governance. The analysis is carried out based on the rechtsstaats theory, stuffen theory and law enforcement theory that is adapted to the basis of ideology (rechtidee) and Indonesian constitution. The result is concluded that the role and function of public services is one reflection of Indonesia that guarantees legal certainty and protection of people's rights.The transformation of the values of public services is a product of the current national legal system reform which is intended as an effort to improve quality and ensure the provision of public services. Indeed, the realization of good governance must begin with the quality and validity of the implementation of public services.

The existence of integrated judges can be an important element in upholding the power of judicial affairs against the interference or the influence from the outsider. The judges have the function to strengthen national union, civilization and democracy. The spirit of professionalism included the fair court and to hold high the name of the race and nation, due to court norm and ethics.

AbstrakPembentukan Relawan demokrasi adalah bagian dari strategi Komisi Pemilihan Umum untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyakat dalam menyalurkan hak pilihnya. Hal ini mengingat bahwa pemilihan umum tahun 2019, adalah pemilihan serentak yang pertama kali dilangsungkan dalam sejarah pemilihan umum di Indonesia. Namun, pada tatanan regulasi terdapat disharmonisasi, khususnya pada aspek pembentukan dan kedudukan relawan demokrasi. Perlu dilakukan suatu kajian/penelitian yang komprehensif untuk menelusuri bentuk disharmonisasi tersebut dan implikasi yang ditimbulkan. Pada dasarnya metode yang digunakan didasarkan pada metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Menariknya, Surat Komisi Pemilihan Umum Nomor: 32/PP.08-SD/06/KPU/I/2019, tertanggal 9 Januari 2019, tidak dapat menjadi dasar dalam memberikan wewenang kepada KPU/KIP Kabupaten/Kota untuk membentuk relawan demokrasi. Hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya disharmonisasi, dan dianggap bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum. Selain itu, implikasi yang ditimbulkan atas disharmonisasi mengarah pada ketidakjelasan kedudukan relawan demokrasi, tugas relawan demokrasi hingga pada status relawan demokrasi. Oleh karena itu menjadi penting untuk dilakukan kajian secara komprehensif guna menjadi dasar dalam perbaikan tata hukum ke depan.

This study aims to analyze the implications of the existence of the principle of recognition to the administration of village governance. The method used is normative method with juridical, statute, and doctrinal approaches. The principle of recognition brings the existence of the village to play an independent role in the administration of village governance and the affairs of the village while increasing the participation of the village community in realizing good governance. This principle of recognition is also an alternative in exploring the origin of the village in question, especially for villages that are beginning to forget their origins. Notwithstanding, basically the principle of recognition is recognizable as long as it is still alive and applies in the village concerned.