Suchergebnisse

Ethnology; Southeast asia; Oceania

AbstrakPolitik liberalisasi dan desentralisasi dari kuasa negara sejak 1998 telahmentransformasi lanskap sosial dan politik Indonesia. Pergeseran itudiilustrasikan dalam artikel ini dengan membahas Bali sebagai sebuah studi kasusyang relevan. Sebagai rumah bagi sebagian besar warga Indonesia beragamaHindu yang minoritas, Bali juga dipengaruhi oleh dampak dari meningkatnyagerakan revivalisasi Islam dan ekstremisme agama. Sebuah gerakan sosial barutelah mencuat dan memicu sebuah pergeseran ke arah identitas Hindu yang lebihtegas. Tulisan ini meninjau persimpangan antara geopolitik dan proses perubahanlokal untuk memahami lebih baik karakter dari 'gerakan-gerakan lokalisasi', yangmungkin merangsang penggunaan agama sebagai kekuatan dalam perjuanganuntuk meraih otonomi lokal, tetapi mungkin juga pemanfaatan wacana-wacanalingkungan, etnik, dan sejarah.

AbstractA worldwide resurgence of local ethnic or religious identities has led to numerous conflicts locally, and also globally, since the end of the Cold War. This trend is exemplified by Indonesia, where political liberalisation after 32 years of authoritarian rule have allowed local identities and political aspirations to be expressed more freely and in new ways. In this paper, I look at new social movements that are demanding regional autonomy, more local control of local resources and greater recognition for traditional institutions. Such movements shed light on the challenges faced by the multi-ethnic nation of Indonesia today and, more generally, on shifting local identities in developing nations in a globalising world. An example of regional cultural revival movements in Indonesia is the Ajeg Bali Movement. This movement stems from a growing sense of disenfranchisement and desire for self-empowerment among Hindu Balinese. Contributing factors are political liberalisation and decentralisation, the 'touristification' of local culture, increasing dependence on the global economy, the threat of terrorism after the Bali bomb, the influx of Muslim labour migrants and fears of an Islamisation of the Indonesian state.

Annotation Custodians of the Sacred Mountains is the first comprehensive ethnography of the Bali Aga, a large ethnic minority that occupies the island's central highlands. The Bali Aga are popularly viewed as the indigenous counterparts to other Balinese who trace their origin to invaders from the Javanese kingdom of Majapait, who have ruled Bali from the fourteenth century A.D. Although Bali remains one of the most intensely researched localities in the world, the Bali Aga have long been overshadowed by the more exotic courtly culture of the south. A closer analysis of the changing position of the Bali Aga within Balinese society provides a key to understanding the politics and social process of cultural representation in Bali and beyond. The process is marked by a blend of representational competition and cooperation among the Bali Aga themselves, among the Bali Aga and southern Balinese, and later among the island's aristocratic elites and foreign colonizers or scholars, and state authorities. The study of this process raises important issues about the establishment and maintenance of status and power structures at regional, national, and global levels. Custodians of the Sacred Mountains explores the marginalization of the Bali Aga in light of a critical theory of cultural representation and calls for a morally engaged approach to ethnographic research. It proposes an intersubjective and communicative model of human interaction as the foundation for understanding the relative significance of cooperation and competition in the cultural production of knowledge

The aim of this book is to assess the rapidly changing socio-political landscape of Bali in the aftermath of the Asian economic crisis and the collapse of Suharto's 'New Order' regime in Indonesia.

Preliminary Material -- Chapter One Religious and Cultural Revitalization: A Post-Modern Phenomenon? /Thomas Reuter and Alexander Horstmann -- Chapter Two An Ancient Temple and a New King: Revitalisation, Ritual and Politics in the Highlands of Bali /Thomas Reuter -- Chapter Three Cultural Solutions to Religious Conflicts? The Revival of Tradition in the Moluccas, Eastern Indonesia /Birgit Bräuchler -- Chapter Four Negotiating Charisma: The Social Dimension of Philippine Crucifixion Rituals /Peter J. Bräunlein -- Chapter Five Performing Multi-Religious Ritual in Southern Thailand: Polyphony, Contestation, and Transgression /Alexander Horstmann -- Chapter Six A Mood of Crisis: Balinese Ritual Culture Between Creolization and Criticism /Annette Hornbacher -- Chapter Seven Climate Change and Religion in Southeast Asia: Steps Towards Evolutionary Learning /Arthur Saniotis -- Chapter Eight Invisible Blood: Ritual as Information Processing in Laos /Guido Sprenger -- Chapter Nine Khmer Spirits, Chinese Bodies: Chinese Spirit Mediums and Spirit Possession Rituals in Contemporary Cambodia /Erik W. Davis -- Chapter Ten Trading Traditions: Modernist Islam and Agricultural Rituals in Buton, Indonesia /Blair Palmer -- Chapter Eleven Spirits and Citizens: The Politics of Religious Difference in Indonesia /Daromir Rudnyckyj -- Chapter Twelve God is the Greatest: Multiple Forms of Muslim Religiosity in Peninsular Malaysia /Gerhard Hoffstaedter -- Chapter Thirteen Fire and Water: Ritual Innovation, Tourism, and Spontaneous Religiosity in Hat Yai, Southern Thailand /Jovan Maud -- Chapter Fourteen From Party Bureaucrat to Ritual Expert: The Role of the Officiator in Chinese Funeral Ceremonies /Shaoming Zhou -- Index.