Suchergebnisse

Nell'ambito delle teorie dello sviluppo, un filone di studi, originato dai lavori di North (1973) e consolidatosi negli ultimi anni, individua nelle istituzioni, definite come le regole del gioco o i vincoli disegnati dagli uomini per disciplinare i loro rapporti, i fattori fondamentali dello sviluppo economico. Le istituzioni, nel modello elaborato da Acemoglu, Johnson e Robinson (2004), sono il frutto di interazioni dinamiche tra potere politico de jure, determinato dalle istituzioni politiche, e potere politico de facto, determinato dalla distribuzione delle risorse economiche. Sulla base di questa prospettiva teorica, questa tesi propone uno studio di carattere quantitativo sulla qualità istituzionale, la traduzione operativa del concetto di istituzioni, composta dalle tre fondamentali dimensioni di democrazia, efficienza ed efficacia del governo e assenza di corruzione. La prima parte, che analizza sistematicamente pro e contro di ciascuna tipologia di indicatori, è dedicata alla revisione delle misure quantitative di qualità istituzionale, e individua nei Worldwide Governance Indicators la misura più solida e consistente. Questi indici sono quindi utilizzati nella seconda parte, dove si propone un'analisi empirica sulle determinanti della qualità istituzionale. Le stime del modello di regressione cross-country evidenziano che la qualità istituzionale è influenzata da alcuni fattori prevalentemente esogeni come la geografia, la disponibilità di risorse naturali e altre caratteristiche storiche e culturali, insieme ad altri fattori di carattere più endogeno. In quest'ultima categoria, i risultati evidenziano un effetto positivo del livello di sviluppo economico, mentre la disuguaglianza economica mostra un impatto negativo su ciascuna delle tre dimensioni di qualità istituzionale, in particolare sulla corruzione. Questi risultati supportano la prospettiva teorica e suggeriscono che azioni di policy orientate alla riduzione delle disparità sono capaci di generare sviluppo rafforzando la democrazia, migliorando l'efficienza complessiva del sistema economico e riducendo i livelli di corruzione. ; Amongst development theories, following the work of D. North (1973), a branch of studies has recently developed which sees institutions, defined as the rules of the game or humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction, as the fundamental cause of long-run growth. The model constructed by Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2004) emphasizes the interaction between de jure political power, influenced by political institutions, and de facto political power, shaped by distribution of resources, in the evolution of institutional paths. Based on this theoretical framework, this thesis adopts a quantitative perspective to investigate institutional quality, which is composed by three main dimensions: democracy, government efficiency and effectiveness and corruption. A survey of available measures of institutional quality is conducted in order to evaluate pro and cons of each kind of indicators. The analysis finds the World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators as the most reliable measures of institutional quality, both in terms of internal and external consistency. These indexes are then used for an empirical analysis over the determinants of institutional quality. The estimates of the cross-country regression model show that institutional quality is affected by some exogenous factors, like geography, natural resources endowments and other historic and cultural traits, and more endogenous factors. Amongst the latter, economic development exerts a positive effect on institutional quality, while a negative association, particularly on the corruption side, is shown by economic inequality. Results confirm our hypothesis and suggest that policies aiming at reducing inequality can foster development by strengthening democracy, by improving the overall efficiency of the economic system and by reducing corruption levels.

AbstractDespite Cohesion Policy representing one‐third of the EU budget, research on the role of EU Cohesion Policy in promoting the European identity is still scarce. Taking stock of a new dataset of citizens' support for and identification with the EU identity at the regional level, we aim to answer to the following questions: what are the determinants of support and identification with EU? Do EU fiscal transfers affect public support for the EU and the European identity? Do citizens' awareness about the Cohesion Policy play a role in it? We find that attitudes towards the EU are driven by individuals' perceptions of the economy in their region and of the effectiveness of EU institutions in solving the regional problems. We don't find evidence of a Cohesion Policy effect, but it provides useful indications for further research.

This dataset contains data related to the paper: "Regional diversity in experiences of Cohesion Policy: the cases of Emilia-Romagna and Calabria". The dataset is made up of 5 files: 2 files consist in transcripts of interviews to practitioners, beneficiaries and targets of the Cohesion Policy projects in the Italian selected case‐study regions. Interviewees are asked to provide their views and perceptions on the multilevel governance system, on the communication activities of the Operational Programmes and on the effectiveness of Cohesion Policy. 2 files consist in tables showing the overview of political elections, the turnover of involved practitioners and the ROPs financial implementation in the two Italian case‐study regions. 1 file consist in a table showing the regional indicators on socio-economic cohesion. A readme file is included.

The data set consists of transcripts of interviews to practitioners, beneficiaries and targets of the Cohesion Policy projects in the selected case-study regions of seven different countries (Austria, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom). Interviewees are asked to provide their views and perceptions on the multilevel governance system, on the communication activities of the Operational Programmes and on the effectiveness of Cohesion Policy. The issues related to the governance schemes in the selected case-study regions were addressed in focus groups with practitioners of Cohesion Policy programmes. Between February and March 2017, eight focus groups were organised by partners of the PERCEIVE consortium with the only exception of WU Vienna who organised in-depth interviews. UNIBO, leader of the Work Package, provided a semi-structured questionnaire that was designed to explore the multilevel governance system, the communication strategies and the policy effectiveness as perceived by the practitioners. The aims of the questionnaire, in regards to governance, were to collect qualitative information about the strengths and weaknesses of the governance model adopted by each of the case-study MAs. In order to grasp the multitude and the complexity of the issues involved, invitations were sent to both internal and external members of the MAs. This assembled a panel of directors and managers from the MAs, relevant stakeholders of the CP programmes and beneficiaries. The questionnaire was designed in such a way that all participants could be able to answer to all the questions throughout the entire focus group, regardless of their affiliations, to ensure that the focus group could generate a fruitful discussion between the participants. The Austrian case is an exception because, in conformity with the confidentiality agreement based on the Austrian Data Protection Act, the transcripts of the interviews must not be made publically available, reproduced, or distributed in any way.

This dataset contains data related to the paper: Aiello V, Brasili C, Revereberi PM (2019) "European identity and citizens' support for the EU: testing the utilitarian approach", published by Regional Science Policy and Practice, Wiley. The dataset was built collecting data from different sources: the dataset "PERCEIVE: WP1: Framework for comparative analysis of the perception of Cohesion Policy and identification with the European Union at citizen level in different European countries: Survey at citizen level and data relative to regional performance of the Cohesion Policy and institutional quality" (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3346047), EUROSTAT (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database) and a dataset on EU funding provided by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG Regio) ["Historic EU payments - regionalised and modelled", https://cohesiondata.ec.europa.eu/Other/Historic-EU-payments-regionalised-and-modelled/tc55-7ysv]. A readme file is included.

This dataset contains data on the Cohesion Policy projects managed by Local Managing Authorities in the selected case-studies of the PERCEIVE project over the 2007-2013 programming period. The selected case-study regions are the following: Emilia-Romagna and Calabria (IT), Extremadura (ES), Burgenland (AT), Norra Mellansverige (SE), Sud-Est (RO), Essex (UK), Dolnośląskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie (PL). The framework for the data collection was built by UNIBO after the guidelines set by the European Commission for the monitoring of the Cohesion Policy projects. All partners from the PERCEIVE consortium have contributed to the construction of this dataset by gathering data referred to their own case-study region from the Managing Authorities, some of which are involved in the PERCEIVE project as third-parties: Regione Emilia-Romagna (IT), Ministerio de Economia y Hacienda - Direccion General de Fondos Comunitarios (ES) and Agentia pentru Dezvoltare Regionala Sud-Est (RO). The dataset is made up of 4 sheets: "1. Categorisation" includes information on projects' scopes, locations, titles, as well as on the managing authorities and other bodies involved; "2. Payments" contains information on the CP expenditure, broken down by source of the funding and year of payment, where available; "3. Beneficiaries" contains information on the beneficiaries of the CP funding (name and location, if available) and the amount of funding received broken down by year, if available; "4. Communication" reports the expenditure in Cohesion Policy-related communication and dissemination activities, broken down by type of activities and year, if available. A codebook is included which provides information on the variables' content as well as details regards space and time coverage. This dataset is also available on Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.1035808).