Suchergebnisse

Los actores de la acción humanitaria. Algunas reflexiones sobre las instituciones públicas en la acción humanitaria.Publicación en línea: 11 diciembre 2017

Comprende la parte suroriental de la provincia de Barcelona entre la montaña de Monserrat y el monte de Fembra Morta, señalando la situación de la casa fortificada denominada Casamasana ; Título redactado a partir del contenido del documento ; Mención de responsabilidad y fecha tomados de la memoria: "Consideracion acerca del punto de Casamasana", de la cual forma parte ; Relieve a trazos ; Relación de las principales montañas y edificios militares de la zona, indicada por clave alfabética

Comprende la parte suroriental de la provincia de Barcelona entre la montaña de Monserrat y el monte de Fembra Morta, señalando la situación de la casa fortificada denominada Casamasana. ; Título redactado a partir del contenido del documento. ; Mención de responsabilidad y fecha tomados de la memoria: "Consideracion acerca del punto de Casamasana", de la cual forma parte. ; Indica relieve a trazos. ; Relación de las principales montañas y edificios militares de la zona, indicada por clave alfabética.

Variation in cell ploidy is a common feature of Candida albicans clinical isolates that are resistant to the antifungal drug fluconazole. Here, we report that the anillin-related protein Int1 interacts with septins for coupling cytokinesis with nuclear segregation. Loss of Int1 results in a rapid disassembly of duplicated septin rings from the bud neck at the onset of actomyosin ring contraction. Strikingly, this has no major impact on cytokinesis and septum formation. However, Int1 genetically interacts with the Sep7 septin, maintaining the diffusion barrier at the bud neck and guarantying a faithful nuclear segregation. Indeed, int1ΔΔ sep7ΔΔ mutant cells, in contrast to int1ΔΔ cdc10ΔΔ, undergo a premature activation of mitotic exit prior to the alignment of the mitotic spindle with the division axis, producing large multinucleated cells. Some of these multinucleated cells arise from trimeras similar to those observed upon fluconazole exposure. Finally, the defects in nuclear segregation could be in part due to the inability to maintain the Lte1 mitotic exit activator at the cortex of the daughter cell. These results suggest that Int1 and Sep7 play a role in maintaining genome stability by acting as a diffusion barrier for Lte1. ; This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation to CRV (BFU2010-15884 and BIO2015-70195-C2-1-R) and to JC-B (BFU2012-39910 and BIO2015-70195-C2-2R) and from the Junta de Extremadura to JC-B (GR15008). All Spanish funding is co-sponsored by the European Union FEDER programme. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. SOM was supported by pre-doctoral fellowships (FPI program) from the Spanish Government. The support and help of the Bioscience Applied Techniques Facility (Servicio de Técnicas Aplicadas a las Biociencias) of the University of Extremadura is greatly acknowledged. ; Peer reviewed

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al. ; Candida albicans is a major invasive fungal pathogen in humans. An important virulence factor is its ability to switch between the yeast and hyphal forms, and these filamentous forms are important in tissue penetration and invasion. A common feature for filamentous growth is the ability to inhibit cell separation after cytokinesis, although it is poorly understood how this process is regulated developmentally. In C. albicans, the formation of filaments during hyphal growth requires changes in septin ring dynamics. In this work, we studied the functional relationship between septins and the transcription factor Ace2, which controls the expression of enzymes that catalyze septum degradation. We found that alternative translation initiation produces two Ace2 isoforms. While full-length Ace2, Ace2L, influences septin dynamics in a transcription-independent manner in hyphal cells but not in yeast cells, the use of methionine-55 as the initiation codon gives rise to Ace2S, which functions as the nuclear transcription factor required for the expression of cell separation genes. Genetic evidence indicates that Ace2L influences the incorporation of the Sep7 septin to hyphal septin rings in order to avoid inappropriate activation of cell separation during filamentous growth. Interestingly, a natural single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) present in the C. albicans WO-1 background and other C. albicans commensal and clinical isolates generates a stop codon in the ninth codon of Ace2L that mimics the phenotype of cells lacking Ace2L. Finally, we report that Ace2L and Ace2S interact with the NDR kinase Cbk1 and that impairing activity of this kinase results in a defect in septin dynamics similar to that of hyphal cells lacking Ace2L. Together, our findings identify Ace2L and the NDR kinase Cbk1 as new elements of the signaling system that modify septin ring dynamics in hyphae to allow cell-chain formation, a feature that appears to have evolved in specific C. albicans lineages. ; This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) (BFU2010-15884 to CRVdA and BFU2012-39910 to JCB), co-sponsored by the European Union FEDER program and from the Junta de Extremadura (GRU10-008) to JCB. DMCN and SOM were supported by pre-doctoral fellowships (FPI program) from the Spanish Government. CdE has received funding from the French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program, Laboratoire d'Excellence ''Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases'' (Grant #ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). This work was also supported by NIH grant R01 AI077737 to GS. ; Peer Reviewed

Trabajo presentado al Workshops Current Trends in Biomedicine: "Comparative and Functional Genomics on Fungal Pathogens" celebrado en la Universidad Internacional de Andalucía (Baeza, España) del 17 al 19 de Noviembbre de 2014.-- Tambien presentado a la 9ª Reunión de la Red Española de Levaduras, celebrada del 11 al 13 de Diciembre de 2013 en El Escorial (España). ; This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BFU2010-15884). All Spanish funding was co-sponsored by the European Union FEDER program. ; Peer reviewed