En el presente escrito se examinaron las percepciones que tenían estudiantes de diferentes programas de ingeniería de una universidad privada de Cartagena de Indias (N = 243) con el objetivo de identificar de manera nítida el perfil de un ingeniero en formación con una ideología de los roles sexuales de corte tradicionalista, pues históricamente se ha asumido este ámbito educativo como algo masculino. Por medio de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal y basándonos en las variables predictoras sexo, edad y programa académico se identificaron diferencias significativas en las dos primeras (valores más sexistas en hombres y personas de mayor edad), más al haber introducido un cálculo univariante, el modelo que incorporó las tres variables también fue significativo. Por ende, se ha reconocido que ciertas carreras (como las Ingenierías Eléctrica y Electrónica) han presentado de modo constante diferentes puntuaciones asociadas a una visión conservadora en relación con los roles de los hombres y las mujeres.
The main objective of the project was to carry out a survey and analysis of the treatment of issues concerning water in different provincial constitutions and in the National Constitution. A matrix was set up for the comparison of said constitutions on different topics and the same proposal was applied to the laws and codes of provincial waters. Likewise, the main national norms on the subject were analyzed. As a background, the study carried out by Dr. Mario Valls in "Legislación del Agua en los países de América del Sur" [Water Legislation in South American Countries], Legislative Study No. 19, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (1980), was considered in conjunction with the Principles on Water Governance in Argentina, as a result of the Federal Water Agreement (2003), and the Papal Encyclical Laudato si of the Holy Father Francis on the care of the common house (2015). A comparative matrix was constructed according to a series of variables that were considered significant, such as the domain of waters, their rights of uses, the priorities assigned to them, common and special uses, the jurisdiction aspect and access to water as a human right. It could be seen how the paradigm shift introduced by our National Constitution since the 1994 reform of natural resources, including water, has not been incorporated in some provinces and in others it was done in a dissimilar way. Since the 1994 reform, the provinces of Chubut, Jujuy, Tierra del Fuego, San Juan, Catamarca, Mendoza, Santa Fe, Chaco and Misiones have neither submitted any modifications to their Constitutions, nor to their laws or codes of provincial waters. The province of Tierra del Fuego does not have a code or law of waters that regulate the issue, being at present the only province in that situation. One of the main conclusions reached was the disparity of normative criteria and the lack of coordination among the different jurisdictions, which have not only made it difficult to design comprehensive public policies, but in many cases have resulted in interjurisdictional conflicts on the subject. ; El proyecto tuvo como objetivo principal realizar el relevamiento y análisis del tratamiento del tema agua en las diferentes constituciones provinciales y en la Constitución Nacional. Se configuró una matriz para la comparación de estas en función de diferentes tópicos y se avanzó, en la misma línea, con las leyes y códigos de aguas provinciales. Asimismo, se relevaron las principales normas en el orden nacional sobre la temática. Se tuvo como antecedentes el trabajo realizado por el Dr. Mario Valls en "Legislación del Agua en los países de América del Sur" Estudio Legislativo N° 19 Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (1980), conjuntamente con los Principios Rectores de la Política Hídrica Argentina, producto del acuerdo Federal del Agua (2003), y la Encíclica Papal "Laudato si´" del Santo Padre Francisco sobre el cuidado de la casa común (2015). Se construyó una matriz comparativa según una serie de variables que se consideraron significativas, entre ellas, el dominio de las aguas, sus derechos de uso, las prioridades asignadas a ellos, los usos comunes y especiales, el tema de la jurisdicción y el acceso al agua como derecho humano. Pudo observarse cómo el cambio de paradigma introducido por nuestra Carta Magna a partir de la reforma de 1994 en materia de recursos naturales, entre ellos el agua, no fue incorporado en algunas provincias y en otras se hizo de manera dispar. Desde la reforma de 1994 las provincias de Chubut, Jujuy, Tierra del Fuego, San Juan, Catamarca, Mendoza, Santa Fe, Chaco y Misiones no han presentado modificaciones a sus Constituciones ni a sus leyes/códigos de aguas provinciales. La provincia de Tierra del Fuego no posee código ni ley de aguas que regulen la materia, es en la actualidad la única provincia en esa situación. Una de las principales conclusiones a las que se arribó fue la disparidad de criterios normativos y la falta de una coordinación entre las diferentes jurisdicciones. Estas no solo han dificultado el diseño de políticas públicas integrales sino que, en muchos casos, han derivado en conflictos interjurisdiccionales sobre la temática.
Purpose Different studies relate the presence of depression to lower cognitive performance and higher functional dependence in older people; however, this is not entirely clear. The purpose of this study is to validate the existence between the association of these conditions.
Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in which the memory, metamemory and global functionality test performance of depressed and non-depressed participants was compared between two groups, one cognitively healthy and other with cognitive decline. The participants were 420 older adults, with an average age of 69 and five years of schooling.
Findings The importance of describing cognitive performance in older adults with depression may provide evidence to support an adequate differential diagnosis and the design of an adequate future therapeutic plan. Identifying and preventing depression in the elderly can improve health and well-being in the elderly.
Originality/value Depression is a prevalent and highly disabling disease. When it is suffered by an older person, it is associated with higher mortality, functional dependence, poor physical health, worse quality of life indicators and psychological well-being. In the elderly, the clinical diagnosis of depression is difficult, as it has a high comorbidity and is often confused with other health conditions prevalent during older adulthood.
Purpose This paper aims to identify psychosocial, demographic and health risk factors associated with depression in older people.
Design/methodology/approach A correlational study with 281 independent and autonomous persons of the community over 60 years old from Bogotá was conducted. The three instruments used to measure the variables included in the data analyses were Demographic and Health Data Questionnaire, Short version of 15 items of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA).
Findings Fifteen percent of the participants presented depression. Depression was associated with different demographic, low social support and health factors in this population group and was particularly high in women. Being a woman with poor social support networks and a previous history of depressive episodes should be considered as determining factors within a clinical risk profile for depression in older adulthood. It is essential to design prevention strategies focused on women and on the development of better social support in old age.
Originality/value Depression is a prevalent and highly disabling disease, when it is suffered by an older person it is associated with higher mortality, functional dependence, poor physical health, worse quality of life indicators and psychological well-being. In the elderly, the clinical diagnosis of depression is difficult, as it has a high comorbidity and is often confused with other health conditions prevalent during older adulthood.
