Suchergebnisse

The author is conducting a comparative enquiry into the values and the behaviour of young people aged between 16 and 18 years (random sample of 702 French-speaking Belgians) and their parents. He describes the differences between the young people surveyed in both 1977 and 1982, The religious disengagement which is described is explained by some main variables such as the influence of the family and of the school. These direct factors of socialisation, operationalized by the questionnaire, also depend on recent cultural and historical changes and are related to the macro-sociological context.

The social problem incites the Belgian catholics to study scientifically the human collectivity. As early as the nineteen-eighties learned societies are ouded, seminars, congresses, lectures are organized, a review is launched. At the Catholic University of Louvain the School of Political and Social Sciences is inaugurated in 1892. The sociological approach of the problems becomes wide-spread.All this movement is prepared by the work of a pioneer : Edouard Ducpétiaux (1804-1868) . He opens the way by his numerous publications and realizations in as various fields as the social inquiries, statistics, sociography, social economics, political science, criminology... The article analyses his methodology and shows place of E. Ducpétiaux among the main intellectual currents of the past century.

Soc time is seen to have 5 dimensions: timing, the handling of time, forecasting, historical time, & time as a value. Time is both a product of & an element in change. These 2 aspects are bound together in a continual dialectical exchange. From history, man derives experience which accumulate & become structured, in particular his att & behavior in regard to time. Under certain circumstances man reacts against his own limitations & creates fresh situations. This compels him to modify or review his ideas, knowledge & methods of action, including his conception of time & his att's towards its various dimensions. If his goal is development, he must forge the mental, econ, & pol'al tools which open the way to the future. 4 types of data were collected: collateral studies on anthrop'al or sociol'al subjects; written documents of all kinds on the conception of time, & behavior in relation to it; detailed observations in certain communities of Latin America & Africa, notably in Peru & the Ivory Coast; & a comparative survey in Peru & Belgium (the built-up area Lima-Callao & the village of Quilmana, south of Lima for Peru, & the built-up area of Brussels & the village of Nodebais, in the Walloon part of the province of Brabant for Belgium). A synthesis of the data, arrayed against the factual background of history, leads to a theory of soc time in relation to development based on concepts of stimulus to soc action, formation of groups around creators (those who receive the stimulus, formulate the problem & prepare for innovating action), & the approval, rejection, or reinterpretation & modification of the innovating action. Creators in the 16th & 17th cent's discovered that time was of value to them. Such discoveries come more easily (a) the greater the stimulus; (b) the wider the range of opportunities; (c) the more attractive the objective; (d) the greater the degree of the development of the accompanying mental att's; & (e) the greater the psychol'al mobility. M. Maxfield.