In today's modern societies, citizens are required to play an increasingly active role in the decision-making processes related to various areas of their lives (working, social and political). This trend also extends to the sphere of health: a person with a good level of "health literacy" is one who has the ability to take responsibility for his own health and seek basic treatments; who is familiar with the health system and able to understand the advice and instructions he receives from health professionals and thus to take an active role, with them, in the treatment process. A lack or inadequate level of any of these abilities impacts both on the health of the individual and on national healthcare costs. Nursing staff thus have an essential role to play in promoting health and constitute a determining factor in the health and wellbeing of the citizen/patient. Thanks to better understanding of the causes, easy access to diagnosis, and the possibility of receiving treatment before fractures actually occur, it is today possible to achieve effective prevention of osteoporosis and its associated complications. Prevention in this field can and must be oriented towards two different, but related, objectives: - prevention of osteoporosis;- prevention of fractures due to bone fragility in patients with osteoporosis.
Geochemical surveys and continuous measurements of several gas species in volcanic areas are useful to identify changes in volcanic activity as well as in deep magmatic processes. Diffuse soil degassing in volcanic areas releases high amount of gases and its monitoring monitoring can be helpful for the mitigation of risk and volcano surveillance. At Stromboli, previous surveys permitted us to recognize the zones surrounding the crater where diffuse degassing is active. Here we present the first results of the in-soil [222Rn] and CO2 flux continuous monitoring started in April 2007 in one of these zones. Measurements of the CO2 flux and in-soil 222Rn concentration have been acquired simultaneously with the main environmental parameters (soil and air temperature, atmospheric pressure, soil humidity, wind direction and velocity). A multivariate statistical analysis has been applied on the entire acquired dataset, in order to outline the role of each environmental parameter in controlling the variation of in-soil degassing. Results show the key role played by the environmental factors in the process of soil gas transfer from depth to the surface. A good correlation has been found between 222Rn and CO2 flux, confirming the role of the latter as carrier of other gas species. Our results stress the importance of the collection of environmental parameters in the geochemical monitoring aimed at the identification of the processes modulating soil diffuse degassing in volcanic areas. Furthermore, the simultaneous acquisition of several gas species can provide valuable information on the state of the volcano activity and its capability to release gas from its fracture network. ; Comission of Cities and Volcanoes (CaV) of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID), Gobierno de España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Gobierno de España Unidad Militar de Emergencias (UME), Ministerio de Defensa, Gobierno de España Agencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Información (ACIISI), Gobierno de Canarias Viceconsejería de Infraestructuras y Planificación, Gobierno de Canarias Consejería de Turismo, Gobierno de Canarias Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación Territorial, Gobierno de Canarias Viceconsejería de Cultura y Deportes, Gobierno de Canarias Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO)Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME)Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN)Academia Canaria de Seguridad Federación Canaria de Municipios (FECAM) Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)Instituto de Estudios Hispánicos de Canarias (IEHC) CajaCanarias ; Published ; Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain ; 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive ; open
