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This book collects nine seminal essays by Mark Richard published between 1980 and 2014, alongside four new essays and an introduction that puts the essays in context. Each essay is an attempt, in one way or another, to understand the idea of a proposition. Part I discusses whether the objects of thought and assertion can change truth value over time. Part II develops and defends a relativist view of the objects of assertion and thought; it includes discussions of the nature of disagreement, moral relativism, and responds to important objections to relativism. It also explores the idea that thoughts and assertions may be neither true nor false. Part III discusses issues having to do with relations between sentential and propositional structure. Among the topics discussed in Part III are the semantics of quotation, 'mixed quotation', opacity, philosophical analysis and propositional structure, and the semantics of demonstratives and clausal complements

Pension funds in some economies are used as a captive audience to channel capital at below market rates to government. This policy is only one tool in the financial repression toolkit, but it is receiving increased attention as governments around the world struggle to increase fiscal space and reduce their sovereign debt burden as they rebuild their economies after the pandemic. First, this paper provides an analysis of financial repression using pension funds from a historical perspective. It then assesses the welfare and distributional implications of this policy and distills lessons learned from a variety of advanced and emerging economies. The wide range of possible interventions and idiosyncratic country conditions make a general set of policy recommendations elusive, but the paper suggests four high-level principles that can help policymakers assess the costs and benefits of implementing policies that employ pension funds as a captive audience for financial repression. 1

Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Arrival in New England -- Invasion of the pine tree state -- Confronting franco-americans in maine -- Expansion in the granite state -- Rebuff in the Green Mountain state -- Confronting Irish Catholic politicians in the bay state -- Counterattack by commonwealth Catholics -- Attempt to americanize the ocean state -- Infiltrating the rhode island militia and implication in the sentinelle affair -- Encountering secession in the constitution state -- Reappearance in the late twentieth century -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Index

Discusses how to overcome EU-US tensions in the area of personal data sharing under rubric of post-9/11 counterterrorism. The politicized nature of EU integration in the fields of counterterrorism & organized crime fighting is noted, along with how the US federal structure problematizes the establishment of a coherent interagency & intergovernmental strategy for addressing that issue. Although there has been improved transatlantic cooperation, it is suggested that long-term prospects for transatlantic information sharing are not so promising. The problem of guaranteeing protection of private data is addressed before looking at the deleterious impact that the Treaty of Lisbon would have on EU security cooperation & data sharing with the US. It is then contended that proper implementation of the US-EU Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance could substantially improve transatlantic security cooperation. It is suggested that the MLAT could provide the US with the appropriate strategic approach to counterterrorism & crime fighting. Further, MLAT can improve cooperation & set future standards of judicial cooperation internationally, while also fostering the creation of genuinely international, integrated task forces. D. Edelman