Suchergebnisse

Historical Perspectives. A World of Thought: and Charles Elton's Life's Work / Roger L Kitching -- Charles Elton: Neither Founder Nor Siren, but Prophet / Daniel Simberloff -- The Inviolate sea? Charles Elton and Biological Invasions in the World's Oceans / James T Carlton -- The Rise and Fall of Biotic Nativeness: A Historical Perspective / Matthew K Chew, Andrew L Hamilton -- Evolution and Current Dimensions of Invasion Ecology. Patterns and Rate of Growth of Studies in Invasion Ecology / Hugh J Macisaac, Rahel A Tedla, Anthony Ricciardi -- Invasion Ecology and Restoration Ecology: Parallel Evolution in Two Fields of Endeavour / Richard J Hobbs, David M Richardson -- New Takes on Invasion Patterns. Biological Invasions in Europe 50 Years after Elton: Time to Sound the ALARM / Petr Pycek, Philip E Hulme -- Fifty Years of Tree Pest and Pathogen Invasions, Increasingly Threatening World Forests / Michael J Wingfield, Bernard Slippers, Jolanda Roux, Brenda D Wingfield -- The Nuts and Bolts of Invasion Ecology. A Movement Ecology Approach to Study Seed Dispersal and Plant Invasion: An Overview and Application of Seed Dispersal by Fruit Bats / Asaf Tsoar, David Shohami, Ran Nathan -- Biodiversity as a Bulwark Against Invasion: Conceptual Threads Since Elton / Jason D Fridley -- Soil Biota and Plant Invasions: Biogeographical Effects on Plant-Microbe Interactions / Ragan M Callaway, Marnie E Rout -- Mutualisms: Key Drivers of Invasions Key Casualties of Invasions / Anna Traveset, David M Richardson -- Fifty Years on: Confronting Elton's Hypotheses about Invasion Success with Data from Exotic Birds / Tim M Blackburn, Julie L Lockwood, Phillip Cassey -- Is Rapid Adaptive Evolution Important in Successful Invasions? / Eleanor E Dormontt, Andrew J Lowe, Peter J Prentis -- Why Reproductive Systems Matter for the Invasion Biology of Plants / Spencer C H Barrett -- Impacts of Biological Invasions on Freshwater Ecosystems / Anthony Ricciardi, Hugh J Macisaac -- Expanding the Propagule Pressure Concept to Understand the Impact of Biological Invasions / Anthony Ricciardi, Lisa A Jones, Asa M Kestrup, Jessica M Ward -- Poster-Child Invaders, Then and Now. Elton's insights into the ecology of ant invasions: lessons learned and lessons still to be learned / Nathan J Sanders, Andrew V Suarez -- Fifty years of Waging war on cheatgrass: research advances, while meaningful control languishes / Richard N Mack -- New Directions and Technologies, New Challenges. Researching invasive species 50 years after Elton: a cautionary tale / Mark A Davis -- Invasions and ecosystems: vulnerabilities and the contribution of new technologies / Peter M Vitousek, Carla M D'antonio, Gregory P Asner -- DNA barcoding of invasive species / Hugh B Cross, Andrew J Lowe, Frederico D Gurgel -- Biosecurity: the changing face of invasion biology / Philip E Hulme -- Elton and the economics of biological invasions / Charles Perrings -- Modelling Spread in Invasion Ecology: A Synthesis / Cang Hui, Rainer M Krug, David M Richardson -- Responses of Invasive Species to a Changing Climate and Atmosphere / Jeffrey S Dukes -- Conceptual Clarity, Scientific Rigour and The Stories We Are: Engaging with Two Challenges to the Objectivity of Invasion Biology / Johan Hattingh -- Changing Perspectives on Managing Biological Invasions: Insights from South Africa and the Working for Water programme / Brian W van Wilgen, Ahmed Khan, Christo Marais -- Conclusions. Invasion Science: The Roads Travelled and the Roads Ahead / David M Richardson -- A Compendium of Essential Concepts and Terminology in Invasion Ecology / David M Richardson, Petr Pycek, James T Carlton -- Taxonomic Index -- General Index.

"Until now, biological invasions have been conceptualised and studied mainly as a linear process: from introduction to establishment to spread. This volume charts a new course for the field, drawing on key developments in network ecology and complexity science. It defines an agenda for Invasion Science 2.0 by providing new framings and classification of research topics and by offering tentative solutions to vexing problems. In particular, it conceptualises a transformative ecosystem as an open adaptive network with critical transitions and turnover, with resident species heuristically learning and fine-tuning their niches and roles in a multiplayer eco evolutionary game. It erects signposts pertaining to network interactions, structures, stability, dynamics, scaling, and invasibility. It is not a recipe book or a road map, but an atlas of possibilities: a 'hitchhiker's guide'"

"Humans have moved organisms around the world for centuries, but it is only relatively recently that invasion ecology has grown into a mainstream research field. This book examines both the spread and impact dynamics of invasive species, placing the science of invasion biology on a new, more rigorous, theoretical footing. Furthermore, it proposes a concept of adaptive networks as the foundation for future research. Biological invasions are considered not as simple actions of invaders and reactions of invaded ecosystems, but as co-evolving complex adaptive systems with emergent features of network complexity and invasibility. Invasion Dynamics focuses on the ecology of invasive species and their impacts in recipient social-ecological systems. It not only discusses key advances and challenges within the traditional domain of invasion ecology, but introduces approaches, concepts, and insights from many other disciplines such as complexity science, systems science, and ecology more broadly. It will be of great value to invasion biologists analysing spread and/or impact dynamics as well as other ecologists interested in spread processes or habitat management."--

Human activities are causing species extinctions at a rate and magnitude rivaling those of past geologic extinction events. Exploring mediterranean-type ecosystems - the Mediterranean Basin, California, Chile, Australia, and South Africa - this volume addresses the question whether biological diversity plays a significant role in the functioning of natural ecosystems, and to what extent that diversity can be reduced without causing system malfunction. Comparative studies in ecosystems that are similar in certain respects, but differ in others, offer considerable scope for gaining new insights into the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

This book is the first comprehensive global review of all aspects of alien plant invasions in protected areas. It provides insights into advances in invasion ecology emanating from work in protected areas, and the link to locally relevant management support for protected areas. The book provides in-depth case studies, illuminating interesting and insightful knowledge that can be shared across the global protected area network. The book includes the collective understanding of 80 ecologists and managers to extract as much information as possible that will support the long-term management of protected areas, and the biodiversity and associated ecosystem services they maintain. "This outstanding volume draws together pretty much all that can be said on this topic, ranging from the science, through policy, to practical action". Dr. Simon N. Stuart, IUCN Species Survival Commission, UK. "This important and timely volume addresses two of the most serious problems affecting biodiversity conservation today: assessing the extent to which protected areas are impacted by biological invasions and the complex problems of managing these impacts. Written by leading specialists, it provides a comprehensive overview of the issues and gives detailed examples drawn from protected areas across the world". Professor Vernon H. Heywood, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK

The reader is provided with a comprehensive account of a pre- and post-fire study in a South African mountain fynbos ecosystem. It addresses the interaction between climate and structural features of the vegetation as it determines the incidence and behaviour of fire. The composition and structure of vegetation, the effects of fire on this as well as the responses of the individual species are examined. The responses of small mammals and ants are also covered, with focus on the consequences for the regenerating vegetation. Finally, it analyses the effects of fire on the water and mineral nutrient balance of the system, and in so doing it addresses questions on the sustainability of fire management in fynbos ecosystems. Throughout the book, emphasis is placed on the comparison with other Mediterranean-type ecosystems

PART 1: BACKGROUND -- Chapter 1: Biological invasions in South Africa: An overview -- Chapter 2: A brief, selective history of researchers and research initiatives related to biological invasions in South Africa -- PART 2: BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA -- Chapter 3: The biogeography of South African terrestrial plant invasions -- Chapter 4:Invasive alien aquatic plants in freshwater ecosystems -- Chapter 5: Terrestrial Vertebrate Invasions in South Africa -- Chapter 6: Alien freshwater fauna in South Africa -- Chapter 7: Alien terrestrial invertebrates in South Africa -- Chapter 8: Biological invasions in South Africa's offshore sub-Antarctic territories -- Chapter 9: Coastal invasions: The South African context -- Chapter 10: Pathogens of vertebrate animals as invasive species: Insights from South Africa -- Chapter 11: Biological invasions in South Africa's urban ecosystems: Patterns, processes, impacts and management -- PART 3: DRIVERS OF INVASION -- Chapter 12: South Africa's pathways of introduction and dispersal and how they have changed over time -- Chapter 13: The role of environmental factors in promoting and limiting biological invasions in South Africa -- Chapter 14: Biotic interactions as mediators of biological invasions: Insights from South Africa -- PART 4: IMPACTS OF INVASION -- Chapter 15:Impacts of invasions on terrestrial water resources in South Africa -- Chapter 16:The impact of invasive alien plants on rangelands in South Africa -- Chapter 17: An evaluation of the impacts of alien species on biodiversity in South Africa using different methods -- PART 5: MANAGEMENT OF INVASIONS -- Chapter 18: Biological invasion policy and legislation development and implementation in South Africa -- Chapter 19: More than a century of biological control against invasive alien plants in South Africa: a synoptic view of what has been accomplished -- Chapter 20:Analysing the risks posed by biological invasions to South Africa -- Chapter 21:The extent and effectiveness of alien plant control projects in South Africa -- Chapter 22: Experience and lessons from alien and invasive animal control projects carried out in South Africa -- Chapter 23: Biological invasions and ecological restoration in South Africa -- Chapter 24: The social dimensions of biological invasions in South Africa -- Chapter 25: Education, training and capacity building in the field of biological invasions in South Africa -- PART 6: NEW INSIGHTS -- Chapter 26: South Africa as a donor of naturalized and invasive alien plants to other parts of the world -- Chapter 27: South Africa as a donor of alien animals -- Chapter 28: Knowing-doing continuum or knowing-doing gap? Transferring research results to managers of biological invasions in South Africa -- Chapter 29: Biological invasions as a component of South Africa's global change research effort -- Chapter 30: South Africa's Centre for Invasion Biology: An experiment in invasion science for society -- PART 7: THE WAY FORWARD -- Chapter 31:Potential futures of biological invasions in South Africa.