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"This book highlights that the capacity for gathering, analysing, and utilising vast amounts of digital (user) data raises significant ethical issues. Annika Richterich provides a systematic contemporary overview of the field of critical data studies that reflects on practices of digital data collection and analysis. The book assesses in detail one big data research area: biomedical studies, focused on epidemiological surveillance. Specific case studies explore how big data have been used in academic work. The Big Data Agenda concludes that the use of big data in research urgently needs to be considered from the vantage point of ethics and social justice. Drawing upon discourse ethics and critical data studies, Richterich argues that entanglements between big data research and technology/ internet corporations have emerged. In consequence, more opportunities for discussing and negotiating emerging research practices and their implications for societal values are needed.

An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good. More information about the initiative and details about KU's Open Access programme can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org."

Nicht alles, was vermessbar ist, ist auch real. Bereits Galilei demonstrierte mit einer Vermessung der Hölle Dantes, dass man selbst literarische Räume kartieren kann. Diesem Vorbild folgen auch die Laienkartographen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Ihre »Map Mashups« führen eine Tradition fort, die seit der Antike Spuren in Literatur, Kartographie und wissenschaftlichen Diskursen hinterlassen hat. Mit diesen digitalen »Remediationen« sind literaturgeographische Fragen in der Internetforschung angekommen. Annika Richterichs Studie untersucht daher aus medien- und literaturwissenschaftlicher Sicht, wie (software-)technischer Fortschritt und habitualisierte Mediennutzung im Forschungsfeld der geomedialen Fiktionen zusammenspielen.

Design thinking is commonly presented as a solution-oriented approach to innovation. It aims to solve so-called "wicked problems," with various textbooks and toolkits promising to equip their readers with the skills needed to do so. By rendering design thinking as a magic bullet for problem-solving towards innovation and social change, some of its proponents fall back on a solutionist position. This is despite a growing body of research highlighting critical approaches to design thinking. Drawing on, and adding to, such literature, this article examines how innovation and social change are concretely conceptualised in design thinking guides. Using a cultural media studies approach, the article first contrasts design thinking literature with critical design research, emphasizing the notion of (technological) solutionism. It then zooms in on a purposively selected case: a design thinking textbook aimed at tertiary students. Based on an interpretative analysis of this example, it discusses what understandings of innovation and social change are encouraged in the envisioned design thinking. In linking the reviewed literature and observations from the case study, the analysis highlights two main arguments: First, complex interrelations between innovation and social change are causally simplified in outlining design thinking, thereby fostering techno-fix approaches and mindsets: Readers are encouraged to not merely select but in fact construct solvable "problems," in turn avoiding confrontations with substantive issues that cannot be fixed through the envisioned design thinking. Second, innovation is conflated with corporate activities and normative questions of innovation, (in-)equality, privilege, and social change are neglected, in turn suggesting a misleading symbiosis between economic and societal interests.

Shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) and medical devices needed during the COVID-19 pandemic were widely reported in early 2020. In response, civic DIY volunteers explored how they could produce the required equipment. Members of communities such as hacker- and makerspaces employed their skills and tools to manufacture, for example, face shields and masks. The article discusses these civic innovation practices and their broader social implications by relating them to critical making theory. Methodologically, it is based on a digital ethnography approach, focusing on hacker and maker communities in the UK. Communities' DIY initiatives display characteristics of critical making and 'craftivism', as they assessed and counteracted politicised healthcare supply shortages. It is argued that their manufacturing activities during the COVID pandemic relate to UK austerity politics' effects on healthcare and government failure to ensure medical crisis supplies. Facilitated by open source design, communities' innovation enabled healthcare emergency equipment. At the same time, their DIY manufacturing raises practical as well as ethical issues concerning, among other things, efficacy and safety of use.

Shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) and medical devices needed during the COVID-19 pandemic were widely reported in early 2020. In response, civic DIY volunteers explored how they could produce the required equipment. Members of communities such as hacker- and makerspaces employed their skills and tools to manufacture, for example, face shields and masks. The article discusses these civic innovation practices and their broader social implications by relating them to critical making theory. Methodologically, it is based on a digital ethnography approach, focusing on hacker and maker communities in the UK. Communities' DIY initiatives display characteristics of critical making and 'craftivism', as they assessed and counteracted politicised healthcare supply shortages. It is argued that their manufacturing activities during the COVID pandemic relate to UK austerity politics' effects on healthcare and government failure to ensure medical crisis supplies. Facilitated by open source design, communities' innovation enabled healthcare emergency equipment. At the same time, their DIY manufacturing raises practical as well as ethical issues concerning, among other things, efficacy and safety of use.

Current big data practices are largely guided by deliberations concerning their efficiency, and optimisation. Yet there is another perspective. This book highlights that the capacity for gathering, analysing, and utilising vast amounts of digital (user) data raise significant ethical issues. Annika Richterich provides a systematic contemporary overview of the field of critical data studies that reflects on – corporate, institutional, and governmental – practices of digital data collection and analysis. It assesses in detail one big data research area: biomedical studies, focused on epidemiological surveillance. Specific case studies explore how big data have been used in academic work. The Big Data Agenda concludes by asking if data ownership can be reclaimed by citizens from being simply an assertion of a conception of rights to (user) data that is defined by technological domination. She argues data literacy and discourse ethics may contain solutions as well as a critique.

Nicht alles, was vermessbar ist, ist auch real. Bereits Galilei demonstrierte mit einer Vermessung der Hölle Dantes, dass man selbst literarische Räume kartieren kann. Diesem Vorbild folgen auch die Laienkartographen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Ihre »Map Mashups« führen eine Tradition fort, die seit der Antike Spuren in Literatur, Kartographie und wissenschaftlichen Diskursen hinterlassen hat. Mit diesen digitalen »Remediationen« sind literaturgeographische Fragen in der Internetforschung angekommen. Annika Richterichs Studie untersucht daher aus medien- und literaturwissenschaftlicher Sicht, wie (s

Nicht alles, was vermessbar ist, ist auch real. Bereits Galilei demonstrierte mit einer Vermessung der Hölle Dantes, dass man selbst literarische Räume kartieren kann. Diesem Vorbild folgen auch die Laienkartographen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Ihre »Map Mashups« führen eine Tradition fort, die seit der Antike Spuren in Literatur, Kartographie und wissenschaftlichen Diskursen hinterlassen hat. Mit diesen digitalen »Remediationen« sind literaturgeographische Fragen in der Internetforschung angekommen. Annika Richterichs Studie untersucht daher aus medien- und literaturwissenschaftlicher Sicht, wie (software-)technischer Fortschritt und habitualisierte Mediennutzung im Forschungsfeld der geomedialen Fiktionen zusammenspielen.

Nicht alles, was vermessbar ist, ist auch real. Bereits Galilei demonstrierte mit einer Vermessung der Hölle Dantes, dass man selbst literarische Räume kartieren kann. Diesem Vorbild folgen auch die Laienkartographen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Ihre »Map Mashups« führen eine Tradition fort, die seit der Antike Spuren in Literatur, Kartographie und wissenschaftlichen Diskursen hinterlassen hat. Mit diesen digitalen »Remediationen« sind literaturgeographische Fragen in der Internetforschung angekommen. Annika Richterichs Studie untersucht daher aus medien- und literaturwissenschaftlicher Sicht, wie (software-)technischer Fortschritt und habitualisierte Mediennutzung im Forschungsfeld der geomedialen Fiktionen zusammenspielen.