Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Yup'ik Contributors -- Introduction -- Qanruyutet Anirturyugngaatgen - Qanruyutet Can Save Your Life -- Nuna-gguq Mamkitellruuq - They Say the Land Was Thin -- Ella Alerquutengqertuq - The World and Its Weather Have Teachings -- Nunavut - Our Land -- Kuiget Nanvat-llu - Rivers and Lakes -- Yuilqumun Atalriit Qanruyutet - Instructions Concerning the Wilderness -- Qanikcaq - Snow -- Imarpik Elitaituq - The Ocean Cannot Be Learned -- Ciku - Ice -- Yun'i Maliggluki Ella Ayuqucimitun Ayuqenrirtuq - The World Is Changing Following Its People -- Notes -- References -- Index.

Mission of Change is an oral history describing various types of change-political, social, cultural, and religious-as seen through the eyes of Father Astruc and Paul Dixon, non-Natives who dedicated their lives to working with the Yup'ik people. Their stories are framed by the an analytic history of regional changes, together with current anthropological theory on the nature of cultural change and the formation of cultural identity. The book presents a subtle and emotionally moving account of the region and the roles of two men, both of whom view issues from a Catholic perspective yet are closely attuned to and involved with changes in the Yup'ik community.

In the following pages I describe what happens when an exhibit dense in local meanings enters the national arena. The Yup'ik mask exhibit Agayuliyararput (Our Way of Making Prayer) began as "visual repatriation"—bringing objects out of museums back into a local context—and ended as a tribal exhibit displayed in three very different majority institutions, including an American Indian museum, a natural history museum, and an art museum. The mask exhibit was developed as a three‐way collaboration between Yup'ik community members, an anthropologist, and museum professionals. As it traveled farther from home, not only the objects but the process that produced the exhibit were differently presented. While majority institutions chase the language of collaboration, their institutional structures constrain how such collaborations are played out. For the "insider's perspective" of a locally grounded exhibit to survive, majority institutions must not only display the results of collaboration, but participate in the process, [collaboration, masks, museum exhibits, repatriation, Yup'ik Eskimos]

Traditional knowledge of the effects of storm surges and changing coastal ecology on the breeding habits of geese (specifically black brant) in the coastal wetlands of southwestern Alaska was documented in a project initiated by non-Native biologists and an anthropologist. The project was both implemented and controlled by the local nonprofit regional corporation, which employed village researchers to interview elders and record their understandings of goose biology and habitat as related to storm surges. Although local and scientific understandings of brant behaviour generally agree on what is occurring (i.e., foraging habits, effects of past floods and coastal storm surges, and changes in nesting grounds), they do not always agree on why these changes are taking place. At the request of village researchers, interviews also documented Native residents' perception of geese as nonhuman persons and the non-Native view of geese as manageable wildlife, and they expressed deep resentment toward the nonlocal control that researchers and wildlife managers represent. Many feel that local control of their land and their lives is more in jeopardy than the geese. Moreover, respect for elders is as important as respect for animals in affecting management processes at the community level, creating potential conflict which younger Yup'ik men and women with training in biology find difficult to resolve. Along with articulating resistance to control, elders' testimony presents possible solutions to this contentious issue, solutions founded on personal relations between community members and scientists. Villagers' statements reflect their view that how non-Natives work in the area is as important as what is accomplished. Cooperative management of research projects like this one appears to be as important as any specific research policy or results. ; Un projet lancé par des biologistes allochtones et un anthropologue a permis de documenter le savoir traditionnel sur les effets des ondes de tempête et des changements dans l'écologie côtière des moeurs reproductrices de l'oie (en particulier de la bernache noire) dans les habitats côtiers marécageux du Sud-Ouest alaskien. Ce projet a été à la fois mis en oeuvre et supervisé par la corporation régionale locale à but non lucratif, qui a fait appel aux chercheurs du village pour interviewer les aînés et transcrire leurs connaissances de la biologie et de l'habitat de l'oie en relation avec les ondes de tempête. Bien que les connaissances locales et scientifiques sur le comportement de la bernache s'accordent en général sur les phénomènes qui se produisent (c.-à-d. moeurs alimentaires, effets des inondations et des ondes de tempêtes qui ont eu lieu sur le littoral dans le passé et changements dans les sites de nidification), ces connaissances ne s'accordent pas toujours sur les raisons de ces changements. À la demande des chercheurs du village, les interviews ont aussi fait état de la perception qu'avaient les résidents autochtones de la recherche et de la réglementation allochtone dans les habitats côtiers marécageux. Les aînés ont clairement exprimé qu'il existe un conflit entre la façon yupik de voir en l'oie une personne non humaine et la vision allochtone de l'oie comme une ressource que l'on peut gérer. Ils ont de plus exprimé une profonde rancoeur envers le contrôle non local que représentent les chercheurs et les gestionnaires de la faune. Un grand nombre pensent que le contrôle local de leur territoire et de leurs vies est plus en danger que l'oie elle-même. De plus, le respect envers les aînés est aussi important que le respect envers les animaux dans ce qui affecte les procédés de gestion au niveau communautaire, ce qui crée un conflit potentiel que les jeunes Yupik des deux sexes ayant suivi une formation en biologie trouvent difficile à résoudre. Parallèlement à cette expression de la résistance au contrôle, le témoignage des aînés présente des solutions possibles à cette question litigieuse, solutions qui se basent sur les relations personnelles entre les membres de la communauté et les scientifiques. Au dire des villageois, la façon dont les allochtones travaillent dans la région est aussi importante que ce qu'ils accomplissent. La gestion coopérative des projets de recherche tels que celui-ci apparaît aussi importante que tout résultat ou politique de recherche spécifique.

Intro -- Contents -- Illustrations / Tarenrat Nunanguat-llu -- Acknowledgments / Quyavikelput -- Introduction / Kalikam Ayagnera -- Understanding "Whitefish" / Whitefish-at Neqet Ayuquciat -- The Akulmiut Region and Seasonal Round / Akulmiut Allrakum Iluani Pingnatutullrat -- Kasigluk Gathering / Kassiglumi Quyurtellrat -- Food and Family / Neqet Ilakutaqellriit-llu -- Fish Throughout the Year / Neqet Allrakum Iluani -- Nanvarpak Lake / Nanvarpak -- Landlocked Akakiiget / Arulailkat -- The Time When Nanvarpak Dies / Nanvarpak Nalaluni -- Akakiiget Rearing Grounds / Akakiiget Irniviit -- Fish Fences and Large Fish Traps / Caputet Taluyarpiit-llu -- Fish Migrations Upriver / Neqet Asgulallrat -- Fish Out-migration during Fall and Spring / Neqet Anyullrat -- Fish Migrations along Petmigtalek River / Petmigtalegmi Neqet Kuimaryaraat -- What Fish Eat / Neqet Neqait -- Blackfish / Can'giiret -- Pike / Luqruuyiit -- Knowing the Land and Wilderness / Nunam Yuilqum-llu Nallunritellra -- Hunting and Fishing Areas / Pissurviit Neqsurviit-llu -- Travel Routes and Portages / Ayagayarat Tevyarat-llu -- Place Names / Nunat Atrit -- Fall and Winter Fur Trapping / Uksuarmi Uksumi-llu Melqulegculallrat -- Muskrat Hunting in Spring / Kanaqlagculallrat Up'nerkami -- Care of Fish and Food / Neqet Auluksaraat -- Taking Care of Fish and Food / Neq'liuryaraq -- Women's Lives / Arnat Yuuciat -- Women's Ways of Processing Fish / Arnat Neq'liuryarait -- Care of Bones and Fish Scraps / Enret Neqallret-llu Auluksarait -- All Things Have Awareness / Cat Tamarmeng Ellangqertut -- Abstinence Practices / Eyagyarat -- Those Abstaining Following Their First Menstruation / Aglenrraat -- Other-Than-Human Persons / Ircenrraat -- Its Conclusion / Iqua -- Our World and Weather Are Changing / Ellavut Ciminguq -- Weather Indicators / Ellam Nallunailkutai.