Suchergebnisse

El asbesto es un material utilizado ampliamente en el mundo, incluyendo México, cuyos efectos negativos en la salud están comprobados. Hasta la fecha no se ha demostrado con certeza que exista un límite seguro de exposición en el que no se corra el riesgo de contraer algunas de las enfermedades asociadas con ello y sólo en ciertos gobiernos las medidas preventivas han sido realmente implementadas, por lo que es urgente que nuestro país adopte una conciencia real sobre este problema y se haga algo más que sólo establecer estándares de emisión permitidos. Se pretende crear conciencia en el lector sobre el peligro que para la salud representa, mediante límites más seguros con una buena legislación y propuestas. ; As it is mentioned in the previous paper, asbestos is a material widely used in the world, including Mexico, whose negative effects on human health have been verified. To date no one has been able to show with certainty that there is a safe limit of exposure to the material without risks of contracting some of the diseases associated with them. A few governments have taken measures to prevent. That is the reason why it is urgent that our country develops a real awareness about this problem. We should go beyond establishing desirable standards of exposure. This last part of paper has the purpose of developing in the readers the consciousness on the hazard at the health. It is necessary to comprehend the importance to limits with appropriate laws and proposals.

La contamínación ambiental es un problema que aqueja a las poblaciones de todo el planeta. Los contaminantes que la producen son derivados de las rutinas diarias de comercio, transportación y producción. Su crecimiento y magnitud varían según las caractedsticas geográficas, meteorológicas y capacidades gubernamentales de cada región. En su mayoría los contaminantes de mayor difusión en la atmósfera terrestre presentan riesgos para la salud y bienestar de los Seres Humanos (1). En la Ciudad de México. este problema presenta características particulares únicas, lo que indica que la calidad del. aire en su Zona Metropolitana es susceptible a un estudio. La presentación de los niveles de concentración alcanzados por los principales contaminantes (ozono, bióxido de azufre, óxidos de nitrógeno, monóxido de carbono y partículas suspendidas) durante los años 1994 a 1996, muestra si la calidad del aire ha aumentado o disminuido con el paso de los meses. ; Enviromental pollution is a problem that affects the population ali over the world. The caused substances are led from dialy activíties of commerce, transportation and production. Their growth and magnitute change in accordance with the geographical and metereological characteristics and government capacities of each region. The majority of the more important components of the atmosphere present dangers for the health and wellbeing of Human Beings (1). In Mexico City,this point has the goal unique features which it indicates the quality air situarion in the Metropolitan Zone. The currente studies were to analyz.e the level of the the reached concentration by the major contaminates (oz.one, bioxide of sulfur, oxides of nitrogen. monoxide of carbone and suspended particles) during the years 1994 to 1996. This work shows if the quality of the air has increased or decresed with the months.

Hand grip strength is a widely used proxy of muscular fitness, a marker of frailty, and predictor of a range of morbidities and all-cause mortality. To investigate the genetic determinants of variation in grip strength, we perform a large-scale genetic discovery analysis in a combined sample of 195,180 individuals and identify 16 loci associated with grip strength (P<5 × 10−8) in combined analyses. A number of these loci contain genes implicated in structure and function of skeletal muscle fibres (ACTG1), neuronal maintenance and signal transduction (PEX14, TGFA, SYT1), or monogenic syndromes with involvement of psychomotor impairment (PEX14, LRPPRC and KANSL1). Mendelian randomization analyses are consistent with a causal effect of higher genetically predicted grip strength on lower fracture risk. In conclusion, our findings provide new biological insight into the mechanistic underpinnings of grip strength and the causal role of muscular strength in age-related morbidities and mortality. ; This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. The Fenland Study is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) (MC_UU_12015/1; MC_UU_12015/2; MC_UU_12015/3). EPIC-Norfolk is supported by the MRC (G401527, G1000143) and Cancer Research UK (A8257). The HCS is gratefully supported by the University of Newcastle (Australia) and the Fairfax Family Foundation. Sydney MAS is supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), grants ID568969, ID350833 and ID109308. Sydney MAS DNA was extracted by Genetic Repositories Australia, funded by NHMRC Enabling Grant 401184. The GEFOS Study, used as controls for the US and Jamaican athletes, was supported in part by NIH grants U01 HG004436 and P30 DK072488, and the Baltimore Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center of the Department of Veterans Affairs. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research is an independent Research Center at the University of Copenhagen partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (www.metabol.ku.dk). TwinsUK was funded by the Wellcome Trust (WT), MRC, and European Union. The study also receives support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) BioResource Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. SNP Genotyping was performed by The WT Sanger Institute and National Eye Institute via NIH/CIDR. M.McC is a WT Senior Investigator and receives support from WT 090532 and 098381. TW is the recipient of a studentship from MedImmune. Research by A. Lucia is supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias and Fondos Feder (grant # PI15/0558). EM-M. was a recipient of a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellow from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. This work was supported in part by grants from the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (15H03081 to NF) of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and by a grant-in-aid for scientific research (to M. Miyachi) from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. This work was further supported by NIH grants R01 AR41398 and U24 AG051129.