Suchergebnisse

Mehr als 35 Millionen erwachsene Frauen leben in Deutschland. Ihre Lebenslagen sind sehr unterschiedlich. Alter, Bildung, Berufstätigkeit, Einkommen, Familienform, kultureller Hintergrund und viele weitere Aspekte tragen dazu bei. All diese Faktoren beeinflussen die Gesundheit. Der Bericht "Gesundheitliche Lage der Frauen in Deutschland" enthält umfassende und aktuelle Informationen zum Gesundheitszustand, Gesundheitsverhalten und zur Gesundheitsversorgung von Frauen in Deutschland. Berichtet wird über Frauen aller Altersgruppen, ein Kapitel widmet sich der Gesundheit von Mädchen. Fokuskapitel nehmen die Gesundheit von speziellen Gruppen von Frauen in den Blick, z. B. Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund oder Frauen mit Behinderungen. Der Bericht nutzt eine breite Datengrundlage, um Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten in der Gesundheit von Frauen und Männern ("differences between") als auch innerhalb der Gruppe der Frauen ("differences within") aufzuzeigen. Neben unterschiedlichen Erkrankungshäufigkeiten gibt es Unterschiede bei der Wahrnehmung und Kommunikation von Symptomen, im gesundheitsrelevanten Verhalten und bei der Inanspruchnahme von Versorgungsangeboten. Die Ursachen sind vor allem sozialer und gesellschaftlicher Natur. Sie sind eng mit den biologischen Geschlechterunterschieden verknüpft. Der Bericht bietet Erklärungsansätze an und greift auch das Thema geschlechtliche und sexuelle Vielfalt auf, das durch die gegenwärtigen gesellschaftspolitischen Debatten an Bedeutung gewonnen hat. Er wurde von der Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes (GBE) am Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) unter Mitarbeit zahlreicher externer Expertinnen und Experten erstellt. Eine enge Kooperation bestand mit dem Statistischen Bundesamt. Der Frauengesundheitsbericht der GBE liefert die empirischen Grundlagen zu vielen Themen der Frauengesundheit und will dazu beitragen, die Sensibilisierung in Politik, Wissenschaft und Praxis weiter voranzutreiben und damit die Gesundheit von Frauen zu erhalten und zu fördern.

Partnership, parenthood and employment constitute three main social roles that people adopt in middle adulthood. Against the background of the discussion about multiple roles and the reconciliation of family and work, this article analyses the association between the combination of social roles and self-rated health in Germany and the European Union (EU). The analysis is based on data from the second wave of the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS 2), which was conducted in all EU Member States between 2013 and 2015. The final sample included 62,111 women and 50,719 men aged between 25 and 59. Using logistic regression models, predictive margins for fair to very bad health in different family and employment constellations were calculated for the EU and Germany (in the case of men only for the EU in total). A difference was identified according to employment status in all family groups for women and men at the EU level: nonemployed people rated their health as fair or bad more often, followed by part-time and full-time workers. Smaller differences by employment status were found for mothers with a partner in terms of the proportion of mothers who selfrated their health as bad compared to women in other family groups. No differences in health by employment status were found in Germany among mothers. This applies also to single parents. Different patterns of associations were identified between groups of EU Member States with diverse welfare systems. ; Peer Reviewed

This article examines educational differences in the prevalence of behavioural risk factors among adults and compares the results for Germany with the average from the European Union (EU). Data were derived from the second wave of the European Health Interview Survey, which took place between 2013 and 2015 (EHIS 2). Analyses were conducted using a regression-based calculation of relative and absolute educational differences in the prevalence of behavioural risk factors, based on self-reported data from women and men aged between 25 and 69 (n=217,215). Current smoking, obesity, physical activity lasting less than 150 minutes per week, heavy episodic drinking and non-daily fruit or vegetable intake are more prevalent among people with a low education level than those with a high education level. This applies to Germany as well as the EU average. Overall, the relative educational differences identified for these risk factors place Germany in the mid-range compared to the EU average. However, relative educational differences in current smoking and heavy episodic drinking are more manifest among women in Germany than the EU average, with the same applying to low physical activity among men. In contrast, relative educational differences in non-daily fruit or vegetable intake are less pronounced among women and men in Germany than the average across the EU. Increased efforts are needed in various policy fields to improve the structural conditions underlying health behaviour, particularly for socially disadvantaged groups, and increase health equity. ; Peer Reviewed

The health status of older people in Germany can be compared with the health of older people in other European Union (EU) Member States using data on the distribution of limitations in activities of daily living. This concept covers basic limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) such as eating, as well as limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (iADL) such as shopping and managing finances. The second wave of the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS 2) collected data on five ADLs and seven iADLs for people aged 65 or above. An ADL or iADL limitation was defined if a participant reported at least a lot of difficulty in at least one ADL or iADL, respectively. On average, 8.4% of the EU population reported an ADL limitation, with 25.2% reporting an iADL limitation. However, prevalences vary widely between EU Member States and are lower in Germany than the EU average (ADL limitation 6.3%, iADL limitation 14.0%). In general, women, people aged 75 or above, and lower education groups have a higher prevalence of ADL and iADL limitations. ; Peer Reviewed

Depression is associated with a significant individual and social burden of disease. The European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) provides data that can be used to compare the situation in Germany to that of other European countries. Data was evaluated from 254,510 interviewees from Germany and 24 additional Member States of the European Union (EU). Depressive symptoms as defined by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) were used as an indicator of depression. The prevalence in Germany (9.2%) is higher than the European average (6.6%). However, when the severity of depression is taken into account, only the prevalence of mild depressive symptoms is higher (6.3% versus 4.1%). In Germany, young people display depressive symptoms more frequently (11.5% versus 5.2%) than older people (6.7% versus 9.1%). These results should be discussed against the backdrop of differences in age and social structure and point toward a need for prevention and provision of care targeting younger people in Germany, in particular. ; Peer Reviewed

The scientific assessment of health issues, the design and further development of political guidelines as well as the targeted planning of measures in the European Union (EU) require data on population health. For this reason, all EU Member States regularly collect data on the health status, provision of healthcare, health determinants and socioeconomic situation of their respective populations in the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS). Participants are at least 15 years old and live in private households. The second wave of EHIS (EHIS 2) was conducted between 2013 and 2015. For EHIS 2, each EU Member State drew a nationally representative population sample from population registers, censuses, dwelling registers or other statistical or administrative sources. Data collection modes within individual EU Member States were used, according to nationally established methods, including the use of mixed-mode surveys. Across all EU Member States, data collection took an average of eight months to complete. Member States made considerable efforts to achieve the highest possible response rates. The harmonised EHIS data collected are highly comparable and constitute an important information base for European health policy and health reporting. ; Peer Reviewed