Suchergebnisse

Con el objetivo de pensar las historias de las izquierdas, este articulo propone una aproximacion a algunos aspectos del termino izquierda como concepto politico. El autor destaca que tales experiencias, siempre plurales, articulan un componente relacional (vinculado a la escena representativa pero tambien a la democratica), otro posicional (en tanto expresion de las emancipaciones) y, generalmente, un componente identitario (cristalizaciones en tiempos de despolitizacion). A su vez, una historia de la izquierda implica una reflexion sobre la propia tarea historiografica, en la medida en que no puede excluirse de los conflictos historicos que ese concepto nombra. ; With the aim of thinking about the history of the left, this article proposes an approach to some aspects of the term left as a political concept. The author highlights that such experiences, always plural, articulate a relational component (linked to the representative scene but also to the democratic one), a positional one (as an expression of emancipations) and, generally, an identity component (crystallizations in times of depoliticization). In turn, a history of the left implies a reflection on the historiographical task itself, insofar as it cannot be excluded from the historical conflicts that this concept names. ; Dossier: Izquierdas y derechas en el siglo XX argentino ; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

p. 95-112 ; El centro de este debate gira en torno a las relaciones políticas entre los estados, entendidas como el resultado del modelo filosófico-cultural que guía su accionar, pues por mucho que se hable de choques de civilizaciones, el problema principal está centrado en dos modelos filosóficos-culturales distintos dentro de una misma civilización: la democracia, como un ideal regente y totalizador de la vida del ser humano, y el relativismo, como su contrapartida. Los modelos teóricos se construyen por una compleja interacción de valores respetados y defendidos -no siempre- por los estados, en sus relaciones domésticas e internacionales, ya que de ello depende en términos generales, la estabilidad del sistema internacional. La crisis actual de éste se debe al fomento de políticas internacionales incoherentes con los principios sobre lo que los actores internacionales, especialmente los estados, se cimentaron y consolidaron. ; Fil: Camardelli Carrasco, Roberto Eduardo. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas; Argentina.

This research is centered on thermoeconomic assessment of the joint production of electricity, fresh-water, cooling and process heat for solar polygeneration plants, to create scientific knowledge basis for the development of concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies in zones with high direct irradiation conditions, and the rational and optimal use of polygeneration schemes to increase the overall system energy conversion efficiency and minimize the costs of the final products. The main objective of this dissertation is to model, evaluate, and optimize solar polygeneration plants in thermoeconomic terms, configured by a CSP parabolic trough collector field, thermal energy storage and backup system, a multi-effect distillation (MED) module, a single-effect absorption refrigeration (REF) module, and a process heat (PH) module, whose prime mover is the CSP plant, and considering that the polygeneration plants are located in an area with high solar irradiation conditions, and large demands of energy and water. The solar polygeneration plants are simulated in a transient regime, in a representative location with high irradiation conditions, such as in northern Chile. In the development of this dissertation IPSEpro, Microsoft Excel, MATLAB, EES (Engineering Equation Solver), and the ExIO module as a complement of the Microsoft Excel software were used. In order to expand thermoeconomic analysis in the assessment of solar polygeneration schemes, the methodology includes the use of two thermoeconomic methods. The first method, based on the exergy costing method, was used to assess the actual cost of each product; to conduct a sensitivity analysis of investment, fuel cost and demand, and to evaluate the effects of solar field size and the sizing of thermal energy storage. Three configurations are investigated: two polygeneration schemes and one considering stand-alone systems. Furthermore, this method was compared with the levelized cost method in terms of the costs allocation and the unit specific cost of each product. Whereas the second method, based on the symbolic exergoeconomic method, was used to analyze in depth the process of exergy cost formation, compare with stand-alone systems, and establish the best configuration in cogeneration, trigeneration and polygeneration schemes, in which twenty-one configurations are investigated: eight of cogeneration, eight of trigeneration, four polygeneration schemes, and one considering stand-alone systems. This dissertation was developed through three journal papers. This study reveals that a solar polygeneration plant is more efficient and cost-effective than stand-alone systems for a zone with high irradiation conditions and proximity to consumption centers, such as mining industries, which require continuous operation and energy supply with fundamentally constant demand. Furthermore, according to northern Chilean market, solar polygeneration configurations are competitive regarding electricity, fresh-water, cooling and heat productions. Additionally, solar polygeneration plants might increase the economic profit by selling carbon credits and credits of renewable-energy quotas based on the Kyoto Protocol and Chilean legislation, respectively. Also reveals that the thermoeconomic method is an equitable and rational cost allocation method which is suitable for applying in a solar polygeneration plant. Another result is that this method is recommended when a more precise analysis it is necessary to assess the proper costs of different products, and for assessing the benefits of a polygeneration plant, when compared to stand-alone systems. On the other hand, the levelized cost method is a simple and fast method, and a deep knowledge of thermodynamics is not required, being recommended when it is necessary to perform a first approached of the costs of each product. Another important result is that the key equipment, in which the design should be improved in solar multi-generation plants, are: solar collector, productive subsystems (MED, REF, and PH plants), evaporator, and reheater. Also, the recommended configurations for the integrated solar multi-generation plants (cogeneration, trigeneration, and polygeneration) are those, in which the MED plant replaces the condenser of the power cycle, and the refrigeration plant, as well as the process heat module are coupled to turbine extractions. Those plants were the most cost-effective configuration. The results delivered provide useful information that could serve to decision-makers to point out the actual potential offered by solar polygeneration systems, and could constitute a guide to understand these methods.

P. H. Rossi (see SA 0202/E8200), has stressed the need for soc sci'ts to design soc exp's on which soc policy can be based. This orientation is applied to the task of designing feasible public FP programs. The diffusion of birth control practices is seen as a form of market planning, as in commercial products & services. This involves a system of strategies with subsystems. The problem explored is how subsystems can be designed so that a reasonably feasible soc marketing strategy obtains. Such aspects are dealt with as identifying the diff segments of the program's potential adopters & developing a priority ordering of these segments which would maximally facilitate the accomplishment of the program's objectives; "product mix sub-strategies"; "product symbols strategies"; "product line strategies"; MM strategies; personal channel, recruitment, & legitimating strategies; & sub-strategies of distribution. The total plan resulting from the various "instrument sub-strategies" is implemented. Depending on the reception of implementation efforts by target clients the total strategy is then redefined. 2 Tables, 1 Figure. M. Maxfield.

A Região de Planejamento do Sudoeste Goiano passa por importantes transformações espaciais a partir da década de 1970 com a introdução das técnicas e tecnologias da modernização da agricultura a qual introduz as lavouras de grãos (arroz, soja e milho), impactos socioambientais e novas relações capital e trabalho. A industrialização da agricultura concretizou a cadeia produtiva de grãos e seus derivados semielaborados como farelo e óleo de soja, rações e ampliação da capacidade de armazenamento. O agronegócio concretiza-se no espaço da região no final da década de 1990 com a instalação de unidade agroindustrial de empresa multinacional brasileira e impôs novas relações no campo por meio do sistema de produção integrado de aves e suínos. Todos os processos de transformações do campo do Sudoeste Goiano foram resultados das ações das políticas e financiamentos públicos.