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This book explores the comparative historical evolution of the European, Inter-American and African regional human rights systems. The book devotes attention to various factors that have shaped the systems: the different circumstances in which they were founded; the influence of major states and inter-state politics within their respective regions; gradual processes of institutional evolution; and the impact of human rights advocates and claimants. Throughout, the book devotes careful attention to the impact of institutional and procedural choices on the functioning of human rights systems. Overarchingly, the book explores the contextually-generated differences between the three systems, suggesting that human rights practice is less unitary than it might at times appear. Prescriptively, the book proposes that, contrary to the received wisdom in some quarters, the Inter-American system's dual-track approach may provide the most promising model in regards to future human rights system design

As Indonesia's economy grows, it is increasingly being referred to as a rising middle power and there is mounting speculation that Indonesia might eventually join the ranks of Asia's great powers. Regardless of just how far Indonesia will rise, its government and the will of its people will become increasingly influential in terms of its regional leadership and the values and the norms Jakarta espouses. What are the domestic opportunities and constraints that inform Indonesia's rise and how will various domestic contexts affect Indonesia's foreign policy and the values it espouses? This volume provides a timely analysis of the key domestic and transnational opportunities and challenges associated with Indonesia's ascent. The contributors explore a range of issues including Indonesia's economic resources, political institutions, identity and independence, as well as Jakarta's regional relations, leadership and the exercise of hard and soft power. The book examines the likely directions for Indonesian foreign policy following the election of President Joko Widodo in 2014 and this collection also offers an assessment of the potential trajectory of Indonesia's future.

After the decisions in Lawrence v. Texas (2003) and Roper v. Simmons (2005), the Supreme Court's use of foreign law became a hotly contested issue in Congress, the media, and among conservative political activists. Lawrence Baum (2006) argues the Justices are sensitive and respond to the reaction of external audiences. The reaction of the Justices to the controversy over the use of foreign law indicates that the Justices care more about cases than just their disposition or particular policy agendas, and provides further evidence that the Justices take into account their relationships with othe.

BackgroundSince 2007, SAIL Databank has been entrusted with anonymised health and administrative data for the population of Wales. This includes ~85% of primary and 100% secondary care health records, and a range of administrative data that includes education, employment, environment, housing, justice and social care data. This data is accessible to approved researchers who can demonstrate positive societal impact from its use.
IntroductionIt has always been vital for SAIL Databank to build and maintain extremely high levels of trust amongst its stakeholders; data users, data providers and the public who are represented in the anonymised datasets. This trust has been earned through a robust range of technical, physical and procedural safeguards known as SAIL's 'privacy-by-design'. Public-facing information has been vital to maintain trust through transparency and manifests in SAIL's data use register, publications register, and clear information offered via its website. This work represents the next evolution in SAIL's commitment to transparency in creating an audio-visual representation of its data access process.
Method

Ensuring current available information on SAIL's public facing website was clear and accessible through consultation with SAIL's public involvement panel – The Consumer Panel.
Streamlining and presenting this information based on Consumer Panel feedback.
Maintaining SAIL's commitment to Welsh language standards by translating this information.
Consultation with colleagues and Swansea University procurement to identify a suitable creative agency to take forward the idea of a data access process animated video.
Communicating requirements and providing briefing documents to the selected creative agency, Buffoon Media.
Reviewing potential voiceovers for narration of animated video to ensure an accessible tone, pace and dual language delivery.
Receipt of completed animated video placed alongside corresponding data access process text on SAIL's website.

ResultsProduction of an audio-visual resource that improves transparency around SAIL's data access process and compliments its existing process guidance. This resource is freely and publicly accessible via its website, including components such as:

Accessible design colours, fonts and presentation in keeping with SAIL's existing brand.
Use of images, graphics and animation that bring the process to life.
A professional and accessible voice-over audio explaining each element within the process.
A bi-lingual voice-over that recognises Wales' large number of Welsh language speakers.

Resource can be found at: https://saildatabank.com/data/apply-to-work-with-the-data/
ConclusionBuilding on SAIL's commitment to trust and transparency since inception its anticipated that this new video resource will improve transparency for all of SAIL's stakeholders in understanding and engaging with SAIL's data access process.
References

Jones KH, Ford DV, Jones C, Dsilva R, Thompson S, Brooks CJ, Heaven ML, Thayer DS, McNerney CL, Lyons RA. A case study of the Secure Anonymous Information Linkage (SAIL) Gateway: a privacy protecting remote access system for health related research and evaluation. Journal of Biomedical Informatics: special issue on medical data privacy 2014.
Ford DV, Jones KH, Verplancke JP, Lyons RA, John G, Brown G, Brooks CJ, Thompson S, Bodger O, Couch T, Leake K. The SAIL Databank: building a national architecture for ehealth research and evaluation. BMC Health Services Research 2009;9:157 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/9/157
Lyons RA, Jones KH, John G, Brooks CJ, Verplancke JP, Ford DV, Brown G, Leake K. The SAIL databank: linking multiple health and social care datasets. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 2009; 9:3. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6947/9/3
Rodgers, S.E., Demmler J., Dsilva R., Lyons R. Health and Place. 28 Sept 2011, Protecting health data privacy while using residence-based environment and demographic data. Health and Place doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.09.006 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21996431
Rodgers SE, Lyons RA, Dsilva R, Jones KH, Brooks CJ, Ford DV, John G, Verplancke JP. Residential Anonymous Linking Fields (RALFs): a novel information infrastructure to study the interaction between the environment and individuals' health. Journal of Public Health (Oxf). Dec 31 (4): 582-588, 2009.

"This book explores the evolution of the European, Inter-American and African regional human rights systems. It will be of interest to anyone interested in the nature of any or all of these systems, contemporary human rights generally, comparative approaches to human rights, or the evolution of complex international institutions"--

This book explores the comparative historical evolution of the European, Inter-American and African regional human rights systems. The book devotes attention to various factors that have shaped the systems: the different circumstances in which they were founded; the influence of major states and inter-state politics within their respective regions; gradual processes of institutional evolution; and the impact of human rights advocates and claimants. Throughout, the book devotes careful attention to the impact of institutional and procedural choices on the functioning of human rights systems. Overarchingly, the book explores the contextually-generated differences between the three systems, suggesting that human rights practice is less unitary than it might at times appear. Prescriptively, the book proposes that, contrary to the received wisdom in some quarters, the Inter-American system's dual-track approach may provide the most promising model in regards to future human rights system design.

This article examines the evolution of foreign relations with Myanmar. Due to increased trade with Myanmar and a rise in its strategic importance for countries such as China and India, attempts to enforce change through isolation have become increasingly futile. Despite this situation, the military regime has recently embarked on a series of political reforms that have the potential to improve the quality of governance and level of political freedom within the country. While some key leaders in the West are now acknowledging a degree of political progress inside Myanmar, the country continues to face Western sanctions and remains largely isolated from humanitarian aid. However, this article argues that the only choice is for the West to strengthen the present level of engagement and aid.

The year 2011 was a highly eventful and successful one for Laos� economy, politics, and foreign relations. Nonetheless, some significant challenges remained, including continued poverty, the negative impact of foreign investments, and the rise of transnational crime. In order to analyse these events, inter alia, this chapter contains three sections. The first section examines the state of the economy and the country�s road map towards development. In the process, the section also outlines the major events concerning trade, investment, and aid. The second section examines developments concerning the evolution of politics in Laos together with the associated challenges of weak state capacity � particularly in the security sectors. Therefore, the section also includes an analysis of the country�s desire to consolidate the rule of law, challenges to the rule of law, and various aspects of human security. The final section studies the foreign affairs of Laos � both bilateral and multilateral. While Laos has a long way to go in terms of its political institutions, the level of development, and the provision of human security, it is important to acknowledge that is has already made significant progress in rising above the ashes of its tumultuous past. In the process, the Lao Government has secured political stability (where there is no credible challenge to its continued governance) and it has firmly integrated itself as an active and responsible member of international society.

This article examines the evolution of foreign relations with Myanmar. Due to increased trade with Myanmar and a rise in its strategic importance for countries such as China and India, attempts to enforce change through isolation have become increasingly futile. Despite this situation, the military regime has recently embarked on a series of political reforms that have the potential to improve the quality of governance and level of political freedom within the country. While some key leaders in the West are now acknowledging a degree of political progress inside Myanmar, the country continues to face Western sanctions and remains largely isolated from humanitarian aid. However, this article argues that the only choice is for the West to strengthen the present level of engagement and aid.

A large volume of literature has attempted to examine the prospect of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) reaching its goal of establishing an �ASEAN Community� by 2015. However, in much of the IR literature on regionalism, there has been a tendency to �black-box� internal state characteristics. This chapter seeks to redress this flaw by examining how weak states and political values can potentially affect regionalist enterprises. At one level, it explains how state weakness adversely affects regional security and cohesion. Further, the chapter demonstrates that state weakness detracts from both the will and capacity for cooperation and institutionalization in ASEAN. Instead, such conditions generate a preference to respond to the �internal security dilemmas� associated with state weakness through a sovereignty reinforcing model of regional organization � as depicted by ASEAN in its current form. At another level, the chapter examines the nexus between political values and the emergence of foreign policies that promote stronger regionalism in the political and security spheres. The analysis of this second variable is also necessary because it provides some insight about why ASEAN�s rhetorical aspirations (for example, the emergence of an ASEAN Community) continue to be contradicted by ASEAN�s norms together with the patterns of inter-state behavior in Southeast Asia. The chapter concludes that ASEAN will not achieve its goal of an �ASEAN Community� � including political cooperation and integration � as long as it remains constrained by state weakness and divergent political values.