El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las actuales políticas de sostenibilidad en la Universidad y proponer un nuevo modelo que contribuya a aumentar la conciencia medioambiental de los alumnos de la universidad las áreas de economía y empresa. Para desarrollar la conciencia medioambiental entre estudiantes (DCM) se han determinado 3 factores a partir de un proceso de análisis y validación de variables entre estudiantes universitarios. Estos factores son: la Formación de profesores en sostenibilidad (FPS), actividades de concienciación medioambiental (ACM) e incorporación de competencias medioambientales transversales (CMT). La metodología aplicada para analizar el modelo estructural fue el Modelo de Ecuación Estructural (SEM) a través del paquete informático SmartPls-3. La muestra estaba formada por 420 estudiantes pertenecientes a las Facultades de Económicas y la Facultad de Empresa, Finanzas y Turismo de la Universidad de Extremadura. Los resultados de la encuesta arrojan datos que justifican la introducción de políticas de sostenibilidad en la Universidad tanto a nivel profesorado como alumno. Dichas políticas deberían resaltar la importancia de dotar de contenido a la competencia transversal dirigida a la protección medioambiental entre los futuros empresarios de nuestro país.
Desde 1996, el gobierno sudafricano ha emprendido un proyecto considerable para cumplir con el derecho proclamado de los ciudadanos a acceder a agua y saneamiento suficientes (Gobierno de Sudáfrica, 1996) a través de la gestión tradicional del agua y la gobernanza del agua. Sin embargo, la democracia aún no ha proporcionado mejoras significativas a los habitantes informales. Doornkop (Soweto) es un claro ejemplo de una comunidad que lucha por sus derechos de acceso a agua limpia y sistemas adecuados de saneamiento de aguas residuales. Más allá de la gestión tradicional del agua y la gobernanza social y ambiental del agua, ha surgido una visión ética de la gestión de las políticas del agua a través de los principios de "dignidad humana" e "igualdad humana" para proporcionar servicios básicos de agua. Se brindan igualdad de oportunidades para administrar el agua, analizando el impacto de los principios de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) en las comunidades informales sudafricanas a través de la implementación de la gobernanza del agua humana. Los objetivos del estudio determinan si esos dos principios son relevantes para mejorar las condiciones de vida de la comunidad, así como para afectar positivamente los "Principios de gobernanza del agua" y los "Principios del agua". Con este objetivo, se estableció un estudio de caso en Doornkop (Soweto), en el que se evaluaron 416 habitantes informales entre un grupo reubicado, un grupo de tenencia y un grupo de ocupantes ilegales a través del método Smart PLS. Los resultados mostraron que los servicios de agua pueden mejorarse en gran medida a través de la gestión del agua humana, un modelo que puede aplicarse a otras áreas subdesarrolladas del mundo. ; Since 1996, the South African government has undertaken a considerable project to fulfil the proclaimed right of citizens to access sufficient water and sanitation (Gover nment of South Africa, 1996) through traditional water management and water governance. However, democracy has not yet provided significant improvements to informal dwellers. Doornkop (Soweto) is a clear example of a community fighting for its rights to access clean water and adequate wastewater sanitation systems. Beyond traditional water management and social and environmental water governance, an ethical view of managing water policies through principles of "human dignity" and "human equality" has arisen in order to provide basic water services. Equal opportunities to manage water are provided, analysing the impact of the principles of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) upon South African informal communities through the implementation of human water governance. The objectives of the study ascertain if those two principles are relevant to improve the community's living conditions as well as to positively affect the "Principles of wáter governance" and the "Water principles". With this aim, a case study was set up at Doornkop (Soweto), in which 416 informal dwellers among a relocated group, a tenure group and a squatter group were tested through the Smart PLS method. Results showed that water services can be highly improved through human water management, a model that can be applied to other underdeveloped areas in the world. ; • Comisión Europea. Proyecto IRSES-GA-2013-612686 • Junta de Extremadura y Fondos FEDER. Beca GR15126 • Universidad de Oviedo. Proyecto PAPI-17-PEMERG-22 ; peerReviewed
Mejorar los usos del agua entre los pequeños agricultores en un área con escasez como la península de Yucatán en México es una tarea compleja. A pesar de los intentos del gobierno para hacer cumplir los reglamentos y la cuestión de la posibilidad de ajuste de precios, el mal uso de este recurso escaso, continúa. La mayoría de los agricultores son, en el mejor de los casos, motivados para aspirar a un nivel mínimo de cumplimiento, con muy pocos tratando de participar en mejores prácticas. Este artículo pretende hacer una propuesta sobre los pilotos idóneos para inspirar las mejores prácticas en un esfuerzo para mejorar el uso de la gestión del agua en la zona. Se propone que una virtud ética explícita, desde la acción de generar una actitud de respeto hacia el agua, fundada en tres principios clave (participación, hidrosolidaridad y participación activa). Esta es la mejor solución para Yucatán. Esta hipótesis es el resultado del desarrollo de una metodología basada en la regresión de los mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS), según SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), que podrían reproducirse en cualquier lugar para determinar qué medidas se adaptan mejor en un contexto determinado. Con un tamaño pequeño de la muestra, esta investigación comprueba qué se requiere para lograr las mejores prácticas con respecto a la gestión del agua en esa área en particular. ; Improving water practices among small farmers in a water scarce area like the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico is a complex task. Despite government attempts to enforce regulations and question the possibility of adjusting prices, the misuse of this scarce resource continues. Most farmers are, at best, motivated to aim for a minimum level of compliance, with very few striving to engage in best practices. This article seeks to make a proposal about the best drivers for inspiring best practices in an effort to improve the use of water management in the area. It proposes that a virtue ethics approach that explicitly focuses on the cultivation of an attitude of respect for water founded on three key principles (participation, hydrosolidarity and proactive engagement) is the best solution for Yucatan. This hypothesis is the result of developing a singular methodology based on Partial Least Squares (PLS), according to structural equation modeling (SEM), that could be replicated anywhere to ascertain which measures are best suited in a particular context. Using a small sample size, this research ascertains what is required to achieve best practices with regards to the management of water in that particular area. ; Proyecto Europeo IRSES-GA-ECODRY-2013-612686 y del Instituto Nacional del Agua (CONAGUA) ; peerReviewed
OBJETIVO. Este artículo tiene como principal objetivo, analizar la situación actual y las previsiones futuras que puede tener la falta de privacidad en la nube o cloud computing. El borrado de los datos personales que indexa el buscador Google, retirar una foto de Facebook, eliminar un link de una noticia desafortunada o borrar el pasado puede ser una tarea que se nos antoje imposible. Aquellas personas afectadas por situaciones así, reclaman la aplicación del "derecho al olvido" basado en motivaciones plausibles. MÉTODO. Este estudio ha contrastado las opiniones de afectados, abogados y expertos en reputación online y comunicación de marca personal. RESULTADOS. Los resultados demuestran la desprotección legal y la responsabilidad de los buscadores en la vulneración ética y, en algunos casos, legal de estos derechos. CONCLUSIONES. La privacidad va camino de convertirse en el principal quebradero de cabeza para los buscadores. Esta conclusión, no sólo proviene de las polémicas suscitadas, sino por las numerosas denuncias que señalan ahora a la herramienta y no sólo al origen de la información. Normalmente, la herramienta es el buscador, que pone al alcance general datos que los interesados preferirían suprimir o que permanezcan en el olvido. ; OBJECTIVE. This article has as main objective to analyze the current situation and the future previsions that can have the lack of privacy in the cloud or cloud computing. Deleting personal data that indexes the Google binder, such as removing a photo from Facebook, deleting a link from an unfortunate news or erasing the past on the network can be a task that we feel impossible. Those who pursue objectives as diverse as those mentioned unanimously invoke the "right to forget" based on plausible motivations. METHOD. This study has contrasted the views of stakeholders, lawyers and experts in online reputation and personal brand communication, to reach a series of conclusions of great utility for experts, managers and users in general. RESULTS. The results show the lack of legal protection and the responsibility of the search engines in the ethical and, in some cases, legal violation of these rights. CONCLUSIONS. Privacy is going to become the main dilemma for search engines. This conclusion comes from the controversies and the numerous denunciations that point to both the origin of the information and the tool. Normally, the tool is the search engine, which provides general access to data that interested parties would prefer to delete or forget. ; peerReviewed
Objetivo. Este artículo tiene como principal objetivo, analizar la situación actual y las previsiones futuras que puede tener la falta de privacidad en la nube o cloud computing. El borrado de los datos personales que indexa el buscador Google, retirar una foto de Facebook, eliminar un link de una noticia desafortunada o borrar el pasado puede ser una tarea que se nos antoje imposible. Aquellas personas afectadas por situaciones así, reclaman la aplicación del "derecho al olvido" basado en motivaciones plausibles.Método. Este estudio ha contrastado las opiniones de afectados, abogados y expertos en reputación online y comunicación de marca personal.Resultados. Los resultados demuestran la desproteción legal y la responsabilidad de los buscadores en la vulneración ética y, en algunos casos, legal de estos derechos.Conclusiones. La privacidad va camino de convertirse en el principal quebradero de cabeza para los buscadores. Esta conclusión, no sólo proviene de las polémicas suscitadas, sino por las numerosas denuncias que señalan ahora a la herramienta y no sólo al origen de la información. Normalmente, la herramienta es el buscador, que pone al alcance general datos que los interesados preferirían suprimir o que permanezcan en el olvido. ; Objective. This article has as main objective to analyze the current situation and the future previsions that can have the lack of privacy in the cloud or cloud computing. Deleting personal data that indexes the Google binder, such as removing a photo from Facebook, deleting a link from an unfortunate news or erasing the past on the network can be a task that we feel impossible. Those who pursue objectives as diverse as those mentioned unanimously invoke the "right to forget" based on plausible motivations.Method. This study has contrasted the views of stakeholders, lawyers and experts in online reputation and personal brand communication, to reach a series of conclusions of great utility for experts, managers and users in general.Results. The results show the lack of legal protection and the responsibility of the search engines in the ethical and, in some cases, legal violation of these rights.Conclusions. Privacy is going to become the main dilemma for search engines. This conclusion comes from the controversies and the numerous denunciations that point to both the origin of the information and the tool. Normally, the tool is the search engine, which provides general access to data that interested parties would prefer to delete or forget. ; Objetivo. Este artigo tem como principal objetivo, analisar a situação atual e as previsões futuras que pode ter a falta de privacidade na nuvem ou cloud computing. O apagado dos dados pessoais que indexa o buscador Google, retirar uma foto de Facebook, eliminar um link de uma notícia desafortunada ou apagar o passado pode ser uma tarefa impossível. Aquelas pessoas afetadas por situações assim, reclamam a aplicação do "direito ao esquecimento" baseado em motivações plausibles.Método. Este estudo tem contrastado as opiniões de afetados, advogados e experientes em reputação online e comunicação de marca pessoal.Resultados. Os resultados demonstram a desproteción legal e a responsabilidade dos buscadores na vulneración ética e, em alguns casos, legal destes direitos.Conclusões. A privacidade vai caminho de converter-se no principal quebradero de cabeça para os buscadores. Esta conclusão, não só prove das polêmicas suscitadas, senão pelas numerosas denúncias que assinalam agora à ferramenta e não só à origem da informação. Normalmente, a ferramenta é o buscador, que põe ao alcance geral dados que os interessados prefeririam suprimir ou que permaneçam no esquecimento.
Según la OMT (2020), España recibió 83,7 millones de turistas en 2019. Hasta donde sabemos, pocos estudios han profundizado en qué mueve a los turistas, realmente, a visitar las zonas semidespobladas de España. Este artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar un modelo explicativo de las motivaciones y expectativas turísticas en áreas del sudoeste de España, particularmente Extremadura. El modelo que presentamos clasificó, partiendo de la jerarquía de necesidades de Maslow, algunos factores que la literatura considera relevantes, como son las condiciones socioeconómicas de los visitantes y la satisfacción de la experiencia turística. La muestra consta de 6.106 entrevistas personales realizadas a visitantes. Las hipótesis sobre las relaciones causales se plantean a través de un modelo de análisis multivariado.
AbstractCross‐border cooperations have been usually approached by developing trade agreements between international regions to upgrade their socioeconomic conditions and promote international tourism flows in territories. However, little attention has been paid to the role that tourist companies play in underprivileged territories highly dependent on tourism. Through the theory of social exchange, theoretical implications can be drawn from those territories and compared with developed regions to understand what role tourism flow plays in the reciprocal attitude between tourist companies and visitors. Political implications force tourist authorities to involve companies in promoting their regional tourism resources through participatory tourism programmes. For this, the opinion of companies is strongly related to the tourism generated by the Parque Natural Tajo Internacional on both sides of the border between Spain and Portugal, who have participated in the research to develop tourism on both sides of the border. To collect the data, 126 interviews were carried out with companies among the 53 Spanish and Portuguese companies that participated in the research between January and June 2022. For data tabulation, version 3.26 of SmartPLS was used. The study concludes that social exchange policies that bring companies and residents closer together favour socioeconomic development in territories that have natural resources and are economically disadvantaged.
Purpose A model is proposed to develop happiness in the banking sector based on an improvement in the spirituality of employees.
Design/methodology/approach Following the Schwartz's model for behavioural transformation, a new path has been proposed based on the development of the transcendent vision of work. The data obtained were analysed using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling (SEM) method.
Findings Contrary to the widespread idea that happiness is orientated towards the enjoyment of goods, bank employees prefer to develop spiritual values and resources that allow them to respond adequately to massive layoffs and pressures at work.
Research limitations/implications The bank employees' schedules made it difficult to organise group sessions. Multiple sessions prevented us all from interacting.
Practical implications It is established a training strategy for the pursuit of happiness, to propose an engine for actions orientated towards happiness and to introduce transcendence and spirituality as requirements for finding happiness during daily work.
Social implications There is a need to return to traditional values and principles in daily work. This will have a positive effect on communities and society.
Originality/value A new concept has been coined: spiritual resources. This new variable can help to combat adversity by exploring the meaning of transcendence at work.
The health crisis caused by the outbreak of the COVID-19 disease has devastated the worldwide hospitality sector. The current situation has led many countries to implement drastic rules to stop the spread of the virus. According to the Spanish health authority decisions need to be made in the context of uncertainty and lack of knowledgeable experiences through a gradual and asymmetric de-escalation process planned in four phases. Although the vast majority of studies refer to economic risks and impacts on tourist flows and economic income, few of them explicitly investigates safety and health measures that hotel managers should implement to their customers. Over a population of 12,740 hotels, 823 Spanish hotel managers have been involved in a participatory study. With the aim of assessing the actions taken to stop the spread of the virus, empirical research was implemented. A model presented four variables and 13 indicators which have been previously tested among hotel managers in the tourism sector. Five conclusions are drawn from the hypotheses: (1) Mass testing surveillance in customers and employees should be quick, affordable, and homogeneous throughout the European Union. (2) Training measures need to be taken by both public authorities and the private sector to reach a knowledgeable crisis management team with high commitment to the customer's health and safety. (3) Protocols established by public authorities should be observed and adjusted gradually not only in hotels but also in tourist arrivals. (4) Healthy measures need to be periodically updated. (5) Each hotel should set up a surveillance process to guarantee the safety to their customers.
