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This article presents the results of an investigation based on a critical analysis of the discourse on the Amazonian conflict of 2009 in Peru called "Baguazo" by the media. The research project examines how the journalistic television discourses in Peru represent indigenous peoples of the Amazon region during the conflict. The structures and strategies of public verbal discourse on the conflict in Bagua are analyzed from a social, political and critical perspective to understand how power is established, legitimated, exercised, or resisted during an ethnic-social conflict. A combination of multiple methodological tools were selected, focusing on the analysis of social actors, social action, time, legitimacy and framing, in a sample of journalistic television interviews considered politically important cases. The research exposes how the dominant discourse of the interviews constructs a negative image of the Amazonian indigenous peoples and supports the official discourse of the Peruvian State regarding the Amazonian conflict. ; Se presenta los resultados de una investigación que realiza un análisis crítico del discurso sobre el conflicto amazónico peruano de 2009 denominado por los medios peruanos como el "Baguazo". Se examina cómo los discursos televisivos periodísticos representan a los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía durante el conflicto. Se analizan estructuras y estrategias del discurso verbal público sobre el conflicto desde una perspectiva social, política y crítica para entender cómo se establece, legitima, ejerce o resiste el poder durante un conflicto étnico-social. Se seleccionan una combinación herramientas metodológicas que giran en torno al análisis de los actores sociales, la acción social, el tiempo, la legitimación y el encuadre, en una muestra de entrevistas periodísticas televisivas consideradas como casos políticamente importantes. La investigación expone cómo el discurso dominante de las entrevistas construye una imagen negativa de los pueblos indígenas amazónicos y avala el discurso oficial del Estado peruano sobre el conflicto amazónico.

We reflect on interrelationship patterns between cultures and identities, first focusing on what we mean by culture and then analysing four cultural models — monocultural, multicultural, intercultural and transcultural and their impact on identity construction. Pointing to the dangers of the monocultural model that promotes essentialist and homogenizing identity classifications, we discuss the specific weight of national identity in the multicultural paradigm. We also describe the fundamental characteristics of the intercultural perspective and the view of identities understood as a result of cultural hybridization. We conclude by considering a proposal for a transcultural perspective.

Abstract
In Spain, a country characterized by multiculturalism and high television consumption, the way television represents interculturality becomes a relevant object of study. This article analyses how Spanish audiences (divided into two age groups, 20 to 30 year olds and 40 to 60 years olds) decode the way interculturality is represented on television. The most significant finding is that audiences decode mediated intercultural relationships in a polarized way, with critical positions coexisting with interpretations in line with hegemonic readings. Audiences consider TV news to be irrelevant and perceive that cultures are treated differently by the media. Paradoxically, dominant readings coexist with a tendency to scepticism, with news stories regarded as banal and biased. The study sheds light on the idea that audiences interpret and evaluate televised information differently, and that the way this information is decoded depends on factors such as the experience of the viewer.

This paper analyses how people negotiate representations of other cultures in the media, in particular those traits that can be considered controversial in the sense of generating strong opinions and opposing stances. A news story about an Egyptian television channel run by Egyptian women journalists wearing the niqab (Maria TV) was used to stimulate debate in four focus groups. Although most of the participants initially criticized the approach adopted by the television channel, they also expressed opinions on journalists in niqab that agreed with the representation proposed by the channel. The article shows that even though audiences may seem capable of criticizing media biases, they do not recognize their own internalized prejudices and, ultimately, accept the discourse proposed by media.

En esta investigación se analizan distintas noticias sobre sexualidad, género, religión e interculturalidad en televisiones españolas. Metodología. Se realiza un análisis del discurso de las distintas identidades enmarcadas en las mencionadas categorías. A continuación, en distintos grupos discusión se analizan las interpretaciones que hacen las audiencias de dichas noticias. Finalmente, a su vez, analizamos mediante el método Delphi la opinión de distintos expertos sobre estas mismas noticias. Resultados y Discusión. Gracias al análisis del discurso se desvelan las representaciones y los estereotipos mediáticos que las audiencias y expertos identifican fácilmente. Conclusiones. Hay que señalar que tanto las audiencias como los expertos fueron muy críticos con las piezas sometidas a su interpretación, y percibieron claramente las insuficiencias y los estereotipos utilizados. Sin embargo, sobre todo las audiencias de mayor edad, a la hora de abordar dichos temas en general suelen tener los mismos prejuicios que denuncian en los informativos.