Suchergebnisse

El artículo pretende repensar los estudios que hacen foco en la sociedad civil durante el conflicto del Atlántico Sur, a partir de la aproximación a las actitudes sociales de los integrantes de la Iglesia católica neuquina, una diócesis que se había caracterizado por su oposición pública al régimen militar. Para ello, en primer lugar, reconstruye las perspectivas sobre el rol de la sociedad durante la contienda bélica que han primado en la bibliografía académica. Luego, realiza un primer acercamiento a los comportamientos sociales de los miembros de la diócesis neuquina frente a la guerra, a partir de la puesta en diálogo de dos historiografías que han ido por carriles separados: por un lado, la historiografía sobre las actitudes sociales en la última dictadura militar y, por otro, los estudios sobre la movilización social en el conflicto. Finalmente, el trabajo reflexiona sobre los nuevos interrogantes y los aportes a la agenda de los estudios socioculturales de la guerra de Malvinas que se desprenden del análisis situado en la Iglesia católica neuquina

This article describes the conflict between rural & urban development in the Pampa Ondulada (Rolling Pampas), the ecological region in which the city of Buenos Aires is located, which is one of the world's richest & most productive agricultural areas. It describes the ecological changes brought by urban growth in periurban & rural areas between 1869 & 1991. It also includes an analysis of the social & economical changes during the past decade (1991-2001) & their effect on ecological services. The article ends with a discussion of the lack of planning over the expansion process of the urban agglomeration, including the so-called suburbia settlements of the middle & upper classes & the speculative pricing of land in advance of its development. 2 Figures, 25 References. [Copyright 2003 Sage Publications, Inc.]

This evaluation was part of the Smile4life programme funded by the Scottish Government (grant number: 121.80.4497). ; Background: People experiencing homelessness have high levels of dental decay, oral cancer and poor oral health-related quality of life. The Scottish Government sought to address these issues by developing a national oral health improvement programme for people experiencing homelessness, named Smile4life. The aim was to investigate implementation behaviours and the role of work-related beliefs upon the delivery of the Smile4life programme across NHS Board areas in Scotland. Methods: Non-probability convenience sampling, supplemented by snowball sampling, was used to recruit practitioners working across the homelessness sector. The overall evaluation of the implementation of the Smile4life programme was theoretically informed by the Behaviour Change Wheel. The questionnaire was informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework and was divided into three sections, demography and Smile4life Awareness; Smile4life Activities; and Smile4life work-related beliefs. A psychometric assessment was used to develop Smile4life Awareness, Smile4life Activities, Ability to Deliver and Positive Beliefs and Outcomes subscales. The data were subjected to K-R20, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis and a multivariate path analysis. Results: One hundred participants completed the questionnaire. The majority were female (79%) and worked in NHS Boards across Scotland (55%). Implementation behaviour, constructed from the Delivering Smile4life scale and the summated Smile4life activities variable, was predicted using a linear model a latent variable. The independent variables were two raw variables Positive Beliefs and Outcomes, and Ability to deliver Smile4life. Results showed relatively good model fit (chi-square (1.96; p > 0.15), SRMR (< 0.08) and R2 (0.62) values). Positive and highly significant loadings were found describing the Implementation Behaviour latent variable (0.87 and 0.56). The two independent variables were associated (p < 0.05) with Implementation Behaviour. Conclusions: Work-related factors, such as positive beliefs and outcomes and ability to deliver are required for implementation behaviours associated with the delivery of the Smile4life programme. Future work should include training centred on the specific needs of those involved in the homelessness sector and the development of accessible training resources, thereby promoting implementation behaviours to assist the progression and sustainability of the Smile4life programme. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

The Smile4life programme was funded by the Scottish Government and National Health Service Boards (grant number: 121.80.4497). ; Smile4life is an intervention aimed at improving the oral health of people experiencing homelessness in Scotland. The purpose of this research was to determine how this intervention was being translated from guidance into action. Data concerning Smile4life working practices were collected in three NHS Boards using participant observation. Fieldnotes taken during these observations were analysed using content analysis. This analysis revealed that there were working alliances between the oral health practitioner, the Third Sector staff, and the homeless service users, and that these alliances were affected by various barriers and enablers. The observation sessions also highlighted variations in working practices. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

Sport's transformative potential is known to support marginalised children, to deal with traumatic experiences and instil positive values; yet hosting mega sporting events (MSEs) can have negative impacts. Drawing on participatory research with favela‐based children during the 2014 World Cup in Brazil, this article argues that MSEs bring a macro‐securitisation of urban life, which causes considerable harm. This paper also suggests that the inclusion of children's voices in advocacy debates can challenge top‐down securitisation and might allow MSEs to foster further positive social transformation. Therefore, juxtaposed with causing harm, macro‐securitisations can open opportunities for children to take action and have their voices heard.

Sprouty and Spred proteins have been widely implicated in the negative regulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor-extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In considering the functional role of these proteins, we explored their effects on ERK activation induced by cyclopentenone prostanoids, which bind to and activate Ras proteins. We therefore found that ectopic overexpression in HeLa cells of human Sprouty2, or human Spred1 or 2, inhibits ERK1/2 and Elk-1 activation triggered by the cyclopentenone prostanoids PGA(1) and 15d-PGJ(2). Furthermore, we found that in HT cells that do not express Sprouty2 due to hypermethylation of its gene-promoter, PGA(1)-provoked ERK activation was more intense and sustained compared to other hematopoietic cell lines with unaltered Sprouty2 expression. Cyclopentenone prostanoids did not induce Sprouty2 tyrosine phosphorylation, in agreement with its incapability to activate tyrosine-kinase receptors. However, Sprouty2 Y55F, which acts as a defective mutant upon tyrosine-kinase receptor stimulation, did not inhibit cyclopentenone prostanoids-elicited ERK pathway activation. In addition, Sprouty2 did not affect the Ras-GTP levels promoted by cyclopentenone prostanoids. These results unveil both common and differential features in the activation of Ras-dependent pathways by cyclopentenone prostanoids and growth factors. Moreover, they provide the first evidence that Sprouty and Spred proteins are negative regulators of the ERK/Elk-1 pathway activation induced not only by growth-factors, but also by reactive lipidic mediators. ; CAGD, APR, AS, TG, and GL were recipients of fellowships from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS)-Beca de Formación en Investigación (BEFI) (to CAGD), Comunidad de Madrid (to APR), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (AS), and the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (to TG and GL). JLO is member of the Miguel Servet Program (Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias -FIS-, Instituto de Salud Carlos III -ISCIII-). This work was supported by grants SAF2006-04247 from the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spain, FIS-Intrasalud (PS09/00562) and ISCIII-RETIC (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer; RD06/0020/0003) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) to JMR, and by SAF2009-11642 and RETIC (Red de Investigación de Reacciones Adversas a Alergenos y Fármacos; RD07/0064/0007) from ISCIII, to DPS. Work was also supported by a grant from European Union Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical research (COST) Action CM1001 to DPS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. ; Sí

Young people are often at the forefront of democratic activism, whether self-organised or supported by youth workers and community development professionals. Focusing on youth activism for greater equality, liberty and mutual care – radical democracy – this timely collection explores the movement's impacts on community organisations and workers. Essays from the Global North and Global South cover the Black Lives Matter movement, environmental activism and the struggles of refugees. At a time of huge global challenges, youth participation is a dynamic lens through which all community development scholars and participants can rethink their approaches